A.   CRUISE NARRATIVE: P08N

A.1  HIGHLIGHTS
                         WHP Cruise Summary Information

                WOCE section designation  P08N
       Expedition designation (EXPOCODE)  49K6KY9606_1
Chief Scientist(s) and their affiliation  Keisuke Mizuno*
                                   Dates  1996.JUN.20 - 1996.JUL.15
                                    Ship  Kaiyo Maru
                           Ports of call  Tokyo, Japan to Tokyo, Japan
                      Number of stations  25
                                                        30°30' N
   Geographic boundaries of the stations  129°58.03' E             131°23.91' E
                                                       9°59.89' N
            Floats and drifters deployed  0
          Moorings deployed or recovered  0
                   Contributing Authors:  A. Ohno,    T.Watanabe,  K. Kawasaki, 
                                          M. Mizuno,  T. Tokieda,  K. Kawahara, 
                                          T. Amaoka,  K. Yamada,   N. Hagiwara, 
                                          T. Kazama

               *National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries
                        Orido 5-7- 1, Shimizu, 424, Japan
                          Telephone:  +81-543-35-6064
                              Fax:  +81-543-35-9642
                     Internet:  knizun@ss.enyo.affrc.go.jP



A.2  CRUISE SUMMARY 

This cruise was sponsored by JFA, and the agency allowed us to implement WHP one 
time survey within the ship time.  Although the cruise includes several 
fisheries related investigations (primary production, fish larvae collection, 
fish stock survey etc.), most of the ship time was allocated to the task for 
WHP.  The cruise track was placed on northern two thirds of WHP P8 Line (80N to 
10N). Only small volume samples were taken. 

Almost concurrently, JAMSTEC occupied southern part (10N to the equator).  So, 
one station at 10N was overlapped for cross check of data quality between the 
cruises.  Also JMS is to observe the same line as us by closer CTD/Rosette 
sampling (but no tracer).  During our cruise, we returned from the southernmost 
station following the same track, in order to backup the sampling when 
necessary. 

Number of Stations: 

A total of 25 CTD/Rosette stations were occupied. A General Oceanics 24 bottle 
Rosette array equipped with 24 10-1iter Niskin water sample bottles, and a SBE 
911Plus CTD system equipped with an oxygen sensor and an altimeter (Datasonics 
PSA-900D). 

Sampling: 

The following water sample measurements were made: salinity, oxygen, nutrients 
(total nitrate, phosphate, silicate), CFCs 11,12, total carbonate, alkalinity, 
and pH. CTD salinity and oxygen were measured. Also samples were prepared for 
14C and 13C measurements in the future measurement.  The sampled depths in db 
were as follows: 

20, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 350, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1250, 1500, 
(1750), 2000, (2250), 2500, 3000, 3500, 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, 6000. For each 
station near bottom depths were sampled at about 10m over the bottom by using 
altimeter.  No floats, drifters, or moorings were deployed on this cruise. 


A.3  LIST OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS AND CRUISE PARTICIPANTS 

The principal investigators responsible for the major parameters measured on the 
cruise are listed in Table 1.  The members of the scientific party are listed in 
Table 2, along with their responsibilities.


TABLE 1:  Principal Investigators 

                 Name        Responsibility     Affiliation
                 --------------------------------------------
                 K.Mizuno    Salinity and XBTs  NRIFSF
                 K.Kawasaki  CTD                NRIFS
                 T.Watanabe  Salinity and ADCP  NRIFSF
                 N.Hagiwara  Nutrients          Tokai Univ.
                 T.Tokieda   CFCs               Hokkaido Univ.
                 A.Ohno      Oxygen             Shizuoka Univ.
                 T.Amaoka    Total Carbonate    Hokkaido Univ.
                 K.Kawahara  CFCs               Hokkaido Univ.
                 K.Yamada    Alkalinity and_ph  Hokkaido Univ. 
                 T.Kazama    Nutrients          Tokai Univ.



A.4	SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME AND METHODS

The principal objectives of the cruise were: 

1) To estimate the transport of heat, freshwater, nutrients and CFCs  
   across the section which is located in the western most Part of 
   the subtropical gyre in the Pacific Ocean.
2) To determine the water mass characteristics on the section and to 
   determine whether and where secular changes are found.
3) The principal instruments used for the measurement consisted of a 
   SBE 911Plus CTD system and General Oceanics Rosette mounted within 
   a frame of dimensions 1.5m height x 1.3m diameter.  Datasonic 
   sonar altimeter (300m range; 200kHz) was attached to the frame for 
   bottom finding.  The weight was attached at bottom of the frame 
   (4pieces x 20kg) to give enough tension to the wire for smooth 
   down cast.  A-frame with holding/releasing controller of 
   CTD/Rosette array designed by Mitsui Ship yard helped us to launch 
   and recover of the array safely. 

After a cast, the Rosette array was placed on deck, CFC samples were' drawn 
first, and samples for oxygen or total carbonate were taken, then alkalinity and 
pH were taken.  Finally, nutrients and salinity samples were taken.  
Fortunately, we had no rain during water sampling throughout the cruise on P8 
line.  The Rosette array was pushed back on a railway to a shelter and stored it 
each time after water sampling. 

Other than CTD/Rosette sampling, additional measurements were made throughout 
the cruise.

XBTs were launched between CTD stations.  Current measurements by ADCP (75kHZ RD 
Instrument) were made.   Underway measurements of surface temperature and 
salinity were made by a thermosalinograph (SBE T/S sensors) and navigation 
information was supplied by a JRC GPS receiver and these data were logged by 
networked workstations (NEC EWS4800).  An echo sounder (NEC NS74S PDR, 12kHz) 
provided continuous water depth measurements. 



B.   PRELIMINARY RESULTS 

B.1  MAJOR PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED ON THE CRUISE 

Niskin bottles had troubles frequently at the early period of the cruise. Water 
leakage happened due to incomplete closing of the lids or O-ring problems. 
Troubled bottles were replaced each time after the leakage was found. Misfiring 
happened sometimes. It was checked by salinity/oxygen measurements. In the case 
of the misfiring was crucial, we re-occupied the station on the way back. 
Eventually, four stations were re-occupied. 

Initially, we were anxious about the power of CTD winch and the strength of CTD 
wire.  Because tension over 2 metric ton, which is nearly a safety limit of the 
gear, was loaded frequently in the previous WHP P2 cruise in 1994.  Fortunately 
the sea state was almost calm during the cruise.  The tension meter displayed 
0.6t as highest load.  However, the most serious problem was a winch trouble.  
The driving chain was broken, and no spare parts were available.  Owing to the 
engineers of the ship, the parts were reproduced in the ship, and the winch was 
recovered. 



B.2  SALINITY (bottle sampled)

There were 32 pairs of replicate (i.e., from the same Rosette bottle) samples 
drawn; and 66 pairs of duplicate (i.e.,from different Rosette bottles fired at 
the same depth) samples. Of the duplicate pairs, 23 were from below 2000m.  The 
standard deviations of the three groups of sample pairs are given in Table 2 
below.


TABLE 2:  Salinity replicate and duplicate statistics

              Quantity       Standard deviation   Number of pairs
              ---------------------------------------------------
              Duplicates          0.0046                66
              Duplicates          0.0008                23
                 from >2000 m 
              Replicates          0.0013                32



B.3    DISSOLVED OXYGEN (Bottle Sampled)
       (A.Ohno, T.Watanabe, K.Kawasaki and M.mizuno)
       15 Jul 1996

B.3.a  Equipment and techniques

Bottle oxygen samples were taken in calibrated 100ml clear glass bottles 
immediately following the drawing of samples for CFCs.  The sample water was 
overflowed by three bottle volumes.  The temperature of the water at the time of 
sampling was measured to allow corrections to be made for the change in density 
of the sample between the closure of the Rosette bottle and the fixing of the 
dissolved oxygen. 

Analysis followed the Winkler whole bottle method.  The thiosulfate titration 
was carried out in a controlled environment laboratory maintained at 
temperatures between 22 and 25 C.  A triplicate determination the blank and 
standardization of titrant was measured every stations. Duplicate samples were 
taken on almost cast.  For the every measurement, the end point was determined 
by automatic photometric titrater (ART-3 D0-1 manufactured by HIRAMA 
Laboratory). 

The volume of oxygen dissolved in seawater was converted to mass fraction by use 
of the value of the density of seawater.  Corrections for the volume of oxygen 
added with the reagents and for impurities in the manganese chloride were also 
made as described in the WOCE Manual of Operations and Methods (Culberson, 1991, 
WHPO 91-1). 


B.3.b  Accuracy of measurement

Approximately 700 samples were taken during the cruise.  In addition, a number 
of duplicates and replicates were analyzed.  Replicates taken from the same 
bottle and duplicates taken from different bottles fired at the same depth.  
Statistics on the duplicates and replicates are as follows. 


TABLE 3:  DO replicate and duplicate statistics

            Quantity       Standard deviation(mL/L)   Number of pairs
            ---------------------------------------------------------
            Duplicates              0.042                   58
            Duplicates              0.035                   21
                from >2000 m 
            Replicates              0.021                   30


B.3.c  References:

Culberson,C.H. 1991. 15 pp in the WOCE Operations Manual of WHP Operations and 
    Methods. WHPO 9111, Woods Hole. 



B.4    CFC-1l and CFC-12 
       (T. Tokieda and K. Kawahara)
       MAG, Hokkaido Univ.

Seawater samples for the CFCs measurement were collected at 25 stations.  The 
samplers used were 10 liter Niskin bottles whose "O"-rings and tops were washed 
with acetone solution before using.  The samplers were installed in a CTD-RMS 
system and when a leakage was shown, the bottle was replaced.  The CFCs 
contamination problem due to the sampler was not found throughout the cruise.  
The water samples were drawn first from the bottles to the 100ml glass syringes 
and stored under clean and cold seawater. 


B.4.a  Equipment and Technique

The concentrations of CFCs were determined on board the vessels with a gas-
chromatography equipped with an electron capture detector (Shimadzu GC-14A).  
The purging and trapping system of CFCs was similar to that of Bullister and 
Weiss(1988).  The analysis was completed mostly within 10 hours after sampling.  
Duplicate samples were run at 6 stations.  Air samples collected with a glass 
syringes were run twice or three times a day. 


B.4.b  Calibration

The CFCs concentrations were calibrated using 9 points calibration curves 
constructed from a gas standard calibrated against the 1983 calibration scale of 
Scripps Institution of Oceanography (Bullister, 1984).  After the sampling at 
station 13, due to the instability of the electric power supply in the ship, an 
instability of the base line of the chromatographic chart and a rise of the 
blank value due to the measurement system appeared.  Consequently, for the 
samples at stations 13, 14, 15 and 16, it took about 24 hours to complete. 


B.4.c  References

Bullister, J. L. and R. F. Weiss (1988): Determination of CCIF3and CCI2F2 in 
    seawater and air., Deep-Sea Res.,35, 839-853. 

Bullister, J.L.(1984): Atmospheric chlorofluoromethanes as tracers of ocean 
    circulation and mixing: measurement and calibration techniques and studies in 
    the Greenland and Norwegian seas. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of California.



B.5    TOTAL DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (CRC02), pH and TOTAL ALKALINITY 
       (T. Amaoka and K. Yamada) 
       MAG, Hokkaido Univ.

B.5.a  Sample Collection

The seawater samples were collected into 200ml of glass bottle, which was 
usually used salinity measurement, and 150ml of plastic bottle, for TC02, and pH 
and total alkalinity measurements, respectively. The sample was filled smoothly 
using a drawing tube from the Niskin drain to the bottom of the sample bottle 
following rinse the bottle twice with a few ml of sample. The sample was 
overflowed by a half of bottle volume. The samples were stored in a cool and 
dark location. 


B.5.b  Equipment and reagents

Coulometer system: 
    UlC, C02 Coulometer CM5012 

pH meter: 
    with a glass/reference electrode cell (Radiometer, Reference pH Meter PHM-
    93, PHC-2085) 

Cathode solution: 
    A proprietary mixture which contains, 500ml of dimethyl sulfoxide, 25ml of 
    DIW, 25ml of ethanolamine, 30g of tetra-ethyl-ammonium bromide (TEAB), and 
    2ml of thylmolphthalein solution (0.5g of thymolphthalein is dissolved in 
    100ml of DMSO)

Anode solution : 
    3.3g of KI dissolved in 5ml of DIW. This solution diluted with 20nil of DMSO

Phosphoric acid solution :  
    Concentrated phosphoric acid diluted with 20 nil of DIW.  Tris buffer and 2-
    aminopyridine 

According to the method by Dickson (1993). 


B.5.c  Calibration

For the calibration of TC02 concentration, two water standard solutions were 
prepared. The one was made at Hokkaido Univ. and the other was C02 Reference 
Material(CRM) which was supplied by the Scripps Institution Oceanography. 

The solution made at H. U. and SIO were used as running standard every station 
and every two station, respectively.  On H. U. standard solution, the standard 
deviation of 66 solutions used for calibration during stations 1 and 12 was 
0.17%.

Consequently, the calibration for sample after station 12 were made with CRM.  
Values of pH and total alkalinity were calibrated using calibration line 
constructed with tris buffer (8.089pH at 25C) and 2-aminopyridine (6.767pH at 
25C). 


B.5.d  Reference

Dickson A. G.(1998) pH buffers for sea water media based on the total hydrogen 
    ion concentration scale. Deep-Sea Res. ~ , 107-118. 



B.6    13C and 14C
       (T. Tokieda) 
       MAG. Hokkaido Univ.

A total of 2501 samples were collected from 24 stations for analysis of carbon 
isotopes, 13C and 14C, respectively.  Samples were collected directly into 100ml 
glass vials for 13C and into 500 ml glass bottles for 14C.  Mercurie chloride 
was added to the samples immediately after sampling. 



B.7    NUTRIENTS
       (N.Hagiwara and T.Kazama)
       Tokai Univ.

B.7.a  Equipment and techniques

The nutrient analyses were performed on the Technicon AutoAnalyzer-II belongs to 
Kaiyo maru.  Lines were reconstructed about A Suggested Protocol for Continuous 
Flow Automated Analysis of seawater Nutrients in the WOCE hydrographic Program 
and the Joint Global Ocean Fluxes study.  But on the analysis of Phosphate, we 
used 880nm interference filter because there is not 830nm interference filter.  
AA-II belongs to Kaiyo maru have 3channels (1ch: Silicic acid, 2ch: Nitrate, 
3ch:Phosphate).  We used filtration surface seawater (at 176W, 0N) for dilution 
and wash water. 

Silicic acid:

The method is based on that of Armstrong et al. (1967) as adapted by Atlas et 
al. (1971).  The _-silicomolybdic acid was produced rapidly by reaction of the 
molybdic acid and the silicic acid. The reaction of _-silicomolybdic acid and 
stannous chloride what is the reducer produced molybdic blue.  The colorimeter 
uses a 15mm flow-cell path-length, 660nm interference filters. Sodium lauryl 
sulfate was used for surface-active agent.

Nitrate:

Copperized cadmium reduced nitrate to nitrite.  The reaction of nitrite and 
Sulfanilamide in 1.2 HCl formed diazonium salt.  And N-1-Napthylethylene-diamine 
and the diazo-cuppling of the diazonium salt. Azo-dye was formed.  The 
colorimeter uses 15mm flow-cell path-length, 520nm interference filters.  Brij-
35 was used for surface-active agent.

Phosphate:

Phosphate and molybdic acid in sulfuric acid were condensed. Phospho-molybdic 
acid was formed. The phospho-molybdic acid was reduced by Hydrazine sulfate at 
70C.  And Molybdic blue was formed. After cooling the colorimeter used 50mm 
flow-cell path-length, 880nm interference filter.


B.7.b  Sampling collection 

Seawater samples for the Nutrients were collected at 25stations. The samplers 
were 10 liter Nisken bottles. The Rosette samplers have CTD system. The sampling 
order was, 1:CFC, 2:Oxygen, 3:Total carbonate and pH, 4:14C and 13C, 
5:Nutrients, 6:Salinity.  Samples were drawn into virgin polystyrene 100ml vials 
that were immersed in 2N HCl in 24 hours and were rinsed by distilled water.  
These were rinsed two times before filling.  Samples were then analyzed until 3-
4 hours. Samples cups of 2.5 ml capacity were used. 


B.7.c  Calibration and Standards

1000ml, 500ml, 250ml, 100ml glass and polystyrene volumetric flasks and 
50ml,25ml,20ml,10ml holepipettes and 5ml,1ml Eppendorf pipettes were calibrater 
using room temperature distilled water.


B.7.d  Nutrient standards

A standards

    silicic acid:  20,000 _M (3.7608g Na2SiF6)/1000ml) 
    nitrate:       37,500 _M (3.7922g KNO3/1000ml)
    phosphate:      2,500 _M (0.3425g KH2PO4/1000ml)

    The water temperature was 23.7C.  

    Nutrient A standards were prepared from salts dried at 110C for five hours   and 
    cooled over silica gal in desiccator before weighing.  Further these were dried 
    at 110C for three hours and were weighted.  To make sure that the salts were 
    constant weights.

B standards

    2,500uM silicic acid: 125ml "A" standard was diluted by distilled water to 1000 ml.
          750 uM nitrate:  20ml "A" standard was diluted by distilled water to 1000 ml.
         50 uM phosphate:  20ml "A" standard was diluted by distilled water to 1000 ml.

C standards

    For calibration B standards were diluted by filtered sea water the following
    7 concentrations.
  
                         Si:  150,125,100,75,50,25,0 uM
                        NO3:  45,37.5,30,22.5,15,7.5,0 uM
                        PO4:  3.0,2.5,2.0,1.5,1.0,0.5,0 uM

    The filtered sea water contained Si: 0_M,  NO3: 0_M,  PO4: 0.7_M.


B.7.e  Quality Assurance

The duplicate samples were drawn from two water samplers at each station.  One 
pair was to be drawn from one of the deepest depths, another pair from the 
nitrate/phosphate maximum. The five times analysis of the deepest depth samples 
ran the percent standard deviations.

These were: silicic acid 0.51%,nitrate 0.38%,phosphate 0.92%.


B.7.f  References

Armstrong, F.A.j.,C.R. Srearns, and J.D.Stricland.1967. The measurement of 
    upwelling  and subsequent biological process by means of the Tech-
    nicon  AutoAnaoyzer and associated equipment. Deep-Sea Res.14(3):381-389.




WHPO DATA PROCESSING NOTES

Date      Contact     Data Type     Data Status Summary    
=============================================================================
08/15/98  Mizuno      SUM           Submitted        
                              
03/09/99  Diggs       SUM           Website Updated        

3/9/99    Mizuno      CTD/BTL       Data Requested by l.talley    
              
                              
09/14/99  Mizuno      CTD/BTL       Data Requested by l.talley    
              
09/27/99  Mizuno      CTD/SUM       Submitted for DQE    
          Attached are the final CTD files(KY_P8_CTD.lzh) and *.sum 
          file for P8N KAIYO-MARU cruise.  The CTD data were corrected by 
          bottle sampled D.O. and salinity data following WHP manual, 
          although the data format does not follow the manual. Since the CTD 
          file is compressed (*.lzh), please unpack it (32 individual 
          files). Location of CTD stations are in *.sum file.
          
          I searched also bottle data file (D.O., Salinity,Nutrients) but 
          could no find the final version for sure.  So, I will re-try to 
          get it after the men in charge return from sea.  They come back 
          Oct. 10.
                              
11/08/99  Diggs       CTD           Data Requested by scd    
          can't decode files already submitted    
                              
01/28/00  Mizuno      CTD/BTL       Data Requested by l.talley    
              
                              
09/25/00  Diggs       CTD           Reformatting Needed; sent to s. anderson
          Please pass this on to Sarilee for reformatting.  They're in 
          the P08N original directory and there isn't any SUM file.
                              
10/05/00  Buck        CTD           Data added to website    
                              
10/06/00  Muus        CTD           Update Needed    
          found errors in recent ctd update file    
          P08N_a Notes  EXPOCODE 49K6KY966_1
          
          CTD data converted to WOCE format.
          
          1. No documentation available at WHPO other than
             column headers in original data files and transmittal
             message dated Sept 27, 1999, saying CTD oxygen and
             salinity corrected using bottle data per WHP manual.
          
          2. Column two header is "T068". Assume this means 'ITS-68 
             temperature.'  Multiplied this value by 0.99976 to get
             ITS-90 value for WOCE CTD format.
          
          3. Column four header is "OxML/L" and column six header is
             "Sigma-t00". Used following to get oxygen in UMOL/KG for
             for WOCE CTD format:
          
               UMOL/KG = (OxML/L x 44.660)/(1 + .001(Sigma-t00))
          
          4. Station 12 has three files in original data but only one
             cast in Summary file:   K12D.ASC  4.0 to 2850 db
                                     K12E.ASC 2646 to 2998
                                     K12F.ASC 2998 to 4684
             Used all of first file, 2852-2998db of second file and
             3000-4684db of third file.

             Agreement between files is off a little, possibly due to
             ship's drift during whatever caused the problem resulting 
             in split files.                 CTDTMP  CTDSAL  CTDOXY
                                                             UMOL/KG
              K12D.ASC - K12E.ASC at 2850db   .0196  -.0020    2.8
              K12E.ASC - K12F.ASC at 2998db   .0045  -.0002    0.1
          
          5. Station 15 has two files in original data but only one 
             cast in Summary file:   K15D.ASC  4.0 to 5449 db
                                     K15E.ASC 5435 to 5969
             Used all of first file and 5450-5968db of second file.
             Agreement between the two files at 5448db is good for
             temperature and salinity but second file oxygen is 4.1
             UMOL/KG lower than first file value at 5448db.
          
          6. Station 16 has two files in original data and two casts
             in Summary file:        K16D.ASC  4.0 to 5940 db
                                     K16E.ASC  3.0 to 1201
             Both files reformatted as casts 1 & 2.
                                     p08n_a0016.1.wct
                                     p08n_a0016.2.wct
          
          7. Stations 18 and 20 each have two files in original data
             but only one cast each in Summary file:
                                     K18D.ASC  5.0 to 5270 db
                                     K18U.ASC 5269, 5270 & 5269 only
                                     K20D.ASC  4.0 to 5504
                                     K20U.ASC 5503, 5504 & 5505 only
             Second files ("U" up?) not used.
          
          8. Station 21 has no CTD data file but Summary file shows one
             cast to max pressure 5930db with 23 bottles.
          
                                  Dave Muus   Oct 3, 2000
          
          9. Removed last data line of p08n_a0004.wct to leave only one
             set of data at 2416db.
          
          10. p08n_a0012.wct pressure at 68.0db changed from k8.0
              to 68.0.
                                  Dave Muus   Oct 6, 2000

10/ 6/00  Buck        CTD           Website Updated as per Dave Muus's request
                              
06/15/01  Mizuno      CTD/BTL/SUM   Submitted        
                              
07/13/01  Mizuno      CTD           Submitted; Status changed to Public
          Contents and Comments
          1. CTD file
             The data format is ASCII format but does not follow formal WOCE
             CTD format.  Same one I sent before.
          2. SUM file
             Same one I sent before.
          3. SEA file
             1) The file is in Microsoft EXCELL format.
             2) Alkalinity and pH has not obtained yet.  It may be available 
                in the near future by asking Dr. Syuichi Watanabe.
             3) Nutrient data has not quality checked, because of man in 
                charge was not available.
             4) Symbol (N/A) in salinity data is measured data but not 
                available.
          4. Report
                              
11/30/01  Uribe       DOC           Initial pdf, txt versions online
          PDF and text cruise reports for this cruise have been put 
          online.
                              
12/4/01   Diggs       CTD           CSV File Added to website
          Converted CTD files to Exchange format, checked with JOA3.0. 
          Placed files on website. NOTE: p08n_b/c still needs exchange CTD 
          files.
                              
01/18/02  Anderson    CTD/BTL/SUM   Reformatted and CSV files put online
          Got file from:
          .../onetime/pacific/p08/p08n/original/20010713_P08_BOTTLE_CTD_SUM. DIR
          File name is WHP_8_BTL_DATA2.xls.  Converted to ascii, and then 
          converted to WHP format. 
          
          As noted in the p08su_new.txt file some salinity data had N/A as 
          the value.  I changed the N/A to -9.000 and the QC to 5 since they 
          state the salinity was measured, but the data are not available. 
          
          The BTLNBR, CTDSAL, and CTDOXY did not have a QC assigned to them.  
          I set the QC's to 2's.
          
          The CTDOXY and bottle OXYGEN were in ml/l units.  Converted to 
          umol/l units.  
          
          The QC flag for most of the nutrient values was set to 5.  Changed 
          the 5's to 2's where there were values, and left all other QC flags 
          for nutrients as they appeared in the original file. 
          
          Reformatted the .sum file to conform with the accepted WHP format.
          Removed the leading 0's from the station numbers.  
          
          CTD files appear to be the same as those reformatted by Dave Muus 
          on Oct. 4, 2000 except that this file has sta. 21.  Reformatted sta 
          21, added header, converted O2 to umol/l, added QUALT flags (set all 
          to 2), multiplied temps by .99976 (see Muus notes), and retained only 
          every other decibar.  Rezipped files to include sta. 21.  
          
          The bottle file has been put in exchange format.
          
          All of the above files have been put online.
          
                              
02/05/02  Uribe       CTD           Website Updated    CSV File Added    
          CTD has been converted to exchange and put online.
                              
06/26/02  Kappa       DOC           PDF & TXT cruise reports updated
          Added WHPO Data Processing Notes to both PDF and Text versions; Table
          Of Contents, and linked TOC to appropriate text passages.


