WHP Cruise Summary Information

WOCE section designation
P21EW

Expedition designation (EXPOCODE)
318MWESTW_4-5

Chief Scientist(s) and their affiliation
Michael McCartney, WHOI (leg 4)
Harry Bryden, JRC (leg 5)

Dates
1994.03.27 - 1994.05.15 (leg 4)
1994.05.19 - 1994.06.25 (leg 5)

Ship
MELVILLE

Ports of call
Iquique, Chile to Papeete, Tahiti (leg 4)
Papeete to Brisbane, Australia (leg 5)

Number of stations
161 (leg 4); 133 (leg 5)

Geographic boundaries of the stations:
Leg 4
		14°30.00''S
	149°20.17''W	74°08.00''W
		17°30.33''S
Leg 5
		17°25.00''S
	179°40.17''W	147°49.83''W
		25°45.67''S

Floats and drifters deployed
none

Moorings deployed or recovered
none

Contributing Authors
G. Anderson

A.	CRUISE NARRATIVE

A.1.	Highlights
a.	WOCE designation:	P21E and P21W

b.	EXPOCODE		318MWESTW/4
				318MWESTW/5

c.	Chief scientist:	Leg 1: Michael McCartney, WHOI
				Leg 2: Harry Bryden, JRC

d.	Ship:			R/V Melville

e.	Ports of call:		Leg 1: Iquique, Chile to Papeete, Tahiti
				Leg 2: Papeete to Brisbane, Australia

f.	Cruise dates:		Leg 1: March 27 to May 15, 1994
				Leg 2: May 19 to June 25, 1994

A.2.	Cruise Summary Information
A.2.a.	Geographic boundaries:  

	14 30 S
154 E		74 W
	25 43 S

The cruise was conducted within 1deg of 17 S from 74 W to 169 E. The section 
then bore WSW to finish at 25 43 S 154 E.

A.2.b.	Stations occupied:

A trackline is shown in Figure 1. The bottle sampling scheme is shown in Figure 
2. A total of 294 CTD/rosette stations were occupied. 161 stations were occupied 
on Leg 4 and 133 on Leg 5.

A.2.c.	Floats and drifters deployed:

No information yet available.

A.2.d.	Moorings deployed or recovered:

No moorings were deployed or recovered on this cruise.

A.3.	List of Principal Investigators

Table 1: List of Principal Investigators

Measurement		Principal Investigator	Institution
Salinity, oxygen	John Toole		WHOI
CTD/O2			John Toole		WHOI
Nutrients		Lou Gordon		OSU
Chlorofluorocarbons	Rana Fine		RSMAS
Helium/tritium		Bill Jenkins		WHOI
ADCP			Mike Kosro		OSU
ALACE floats		Russ Davis		SIO
Drifters 		Peter Niiler		SIO
TCO2			Chris Winn		Univ. of Hawaii
			Catherine Goyet		WHOI
pH			Frank Millero 		RSMAS
Alkalinity		Catherine Goyet		WHOI
			Frank Millero		RSMAS
Underway pCO2		Catherine Goyet		WHOI
Meteorology		David Wirth		SIO
Air chemistry		?			?
Bathymetry		Stu Smith		SIO

A.4.	Scientific Programme and Methods

The object of this cruise was to occupy a series of CTD/O2 (Conductivity-
Temperature-Depth-Oxygen) stations approximately along 17°S from the continental 
shelf of Peru to the continental shelf of Australia, with an intermediate port 
stop in Tahiti.  This collection of high-quality water-property data will help 
define the pattern of circulation in the South Pacific.  At each station 
measurements of temperature, salinity, and dissolved-oxygen concentration were 
made continuously with depth, and the concentrations of dissolved silica, 
phosphate, nitrate, and nitrite were measured at up to 36 discrete levels. In 
addition, measurements of freon, tritium concentrations and CO2 were made at 
selected levels.  The station spacing ranged from 5 to 40 nautical miles, and 
all lowerings were made to within 10-20 m of the bottom. Continuous echo-
sounding was maintained along the cruise track, as well as ADCP current 
measurements.

A.5.	Major Problems and Goals Not Achieved

None noted.

A.6.	Other Incidents of Note

As part of the obligations stated as a condition of research in the waters of 
Peru, Lieutenant Jorge Paz Acosta, Chief of the Department of Environment, 
Peruvian Navy, participated in the cruise from Iquique, Chile to Tahiti.  He was 
given complete preliminary data files upon his departure from Tahiti.  As part 
of the obligations stated as a condition of research in the waters of the Cook 
Islands, Mr. Benjamin E. Ponia, Acting Senior Fisheries Research Officer, 
participated in the cruise from Tahiti to Australia.  He replaced Mr. Ian 
Bertram, who was originally scheduled to participate.

A.7.	List of Cruise Participants

B.	Underway Measurements

B.1	Navigation and bathymetry

B.2	Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP)

B.3	Thermosalinograph and underway dissolved oxygen, etc

B.4	XBT and XCTD

B.5	Meteorological observations

B.6	Atmospheric chemistry

C.	Hydrographic Measurements

C.1.	General Information and CTD observation log

C.2.	Water sample salinity and oxygen data

Water samples were collected from every bottle during this cruise for the 
determination of salinity and dissolved oxygen.  The primary purpose of these 
measurements is to accurately calibrate the sensors on the CTD.

C.1.a.	Salinity

Water was collected in 8 ounce glass bottles.  The bottles were rinsed twice, 
and then filled to the neck.  After the sample reach the lab temperature of 
21°C, they were analyzed for salinity using a Guildline Autosal Model 8400B 
salinometer.  The salinometer was standardized once a day using IAPSO Standard 
Seawater Batch P-123.  Salinity readings were logged automatically to a 
computer, merged with the CTD data, and finally used to update the CTD 
calibrations.  Accuracy of salinity measurements were ± 0.001 PSU.

C.1.b.	Dissolved oxygen

Measurements were made using a modified Winkler technique similar to that 
described by Strickland and Parson (1972).  Each seawater sample was collected 
in a 150 ml brown glass Tincture bottle.  When reagents are added, iodine is 
liberated in amounts proportional to the dissolved oxygen in the sample.  A 
carefully measure aliquot was collected from the prepared oxygen sample and was 
titrated for total iodine content.  Titration was automated, using a PC 
controller and a Metrohm Model 665 Dosimat burette.  The titration endpoint was 
determined amperometrically using a dual plate platinum electrode, with a 
standard deviation of replicate samples of 0.005.  This technique is described 
more thoroughly by Knapp et al (1990). Calculated oxygen was merged with the CTD 
data, and used to update the CTD calibrations.

C.3.	Water sample nutrient data

C.4.	CTD/O2 data

C.5.	Chlorofluorocarbons

C.6.	Radiocarbon sampling

C.7.	Helium and tritium measurements

C.8.	Carbon dioxide

C.9.	Transmissometer

C.10.	Surface measurements of 228-Radium 

D.	Acknowledgments

E.	References

Knapp, G.P., M.C. Stalcup and R.J. Stanley, 1990. Automated Oxygen Titration and 
   Salinity Determination. WHOI Technical Report, WHOI-90-35, 25 pp.
Strickland, J.D.H. and T.R. Parsons, 1972.  The Practical Handbook of  Seawater 
   Analysis.  Bulletin 167, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 310 pp.
Unesco, 1983. International Oceanographic tables. Unesco Technical Papers in 
   Marine Science, No. 44.
Unesco, 1991. Processing of Oceanographic Station Data. Unesco memorgraph By 
   JPOTS editorial panel.

F.	WHPO Summary

Four figures are usually created by the WHPO for the benefit of the reader (NOT 
SHOWN).

Figure 3 shows station number versus the difference between the individual 
oxygen water samples and their corresponding CTD value (OXYGEN-CTDOXY).
Figure 4 shows the oxygen difference versus pressure.
Figure 5 shows station number versus the difference between the individual 
salinity water samples and their corresponding CTD value (SALNTY-CTDSAL).
Figure 6 shows the salinity difference versus pressure. 

Several data files are associated with this report.  They are the 318westw_4.sum 
and 318westw_5.sum, 318westw_4.hyd and 318westw_5.hyd, 318westw_4.csl and 
318westw_5.csl and *.wct files.  The *.sum file contains a summary of the 
location, time, type of parameters sampled, and other pertinent information 
regarding each hydrographic station.  The *.hyd file contains the bottle data.  
The *.wct files are the ctd data for each station.  The *.wct files are zipped 
into one file called 318westw_4wct.zip and 318westw_5wct.zip.  The *.csl file is 
a listing of ctd and calculated values at standard levels.

The following is a description of how the standard levels and calculated values 
were derived for the *.csl file:

Salinity, Temperature and Pressure:  These three values were smoothed from the 
individual CTD files over the N uniformly increasing pressure levels using the 
following binomial filter-

	t(j) = 0.25ti(j-1) + 0.5ti(j) + 0.25ti(j+1) j=2....N-1

When a pressure level is represented in the *.csl file that is not contained 
within the ctd values, the value was linearly interpolated to the desired level 
after applying the binomial filtering.

Sigma-theta(SIG-TH:KG/M3), Sigma-2 (SIG-2: KG/M3), and Sigma-4(SIG-4: KG/M3): 
These values are calculated using the practical salinity scale (PSS-78) and the 
international equation of state for seawater (EOS-80) as described in the Unesco 
publication 44 at reference pressures of the surface for SIG-TH; 2000 dbars for 
Sigma-2; and 4000 dbars for Sigma-4.

Gradient Potential Temperature (GRD-PT: C/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least 
squares slope between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the 
interval.  The interval being the smallest of the two differences between the 
standard level and the two closest values. The slope is first determined using 
CTD temperature and then the adiabatic lapse rate is subtracted to obtain the 
gradient potential temperature.  Equations and Fortran routines are described in 
Unesco publication 44.

Gradient Salinity (GRD-S: 1/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least squares slope 
between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the standard level 
and the two closes values.  Equations and Fortran routines are described in 
Unesco publication 44.

Potential Vorticity (POT-V: 1/ms 10-11) is calculated as the vertical component 
ignoring contributions due to relative vorticity, i.e. pv=fN2/g, where f is the 
coriolius parameter, N is the buoyancy frequency (data expressed as radius/sec), 
and g is the local acceleration of gravity.

Buoyancy Frequency (B-V: cph) is calculated using the adiabatic leveling method, 
Fofonoff (1985) and Millard, Owens and Fofonoff (1990).  Equations and Fortran 
routines are described in Unesco publication 44.

Potential Energy (PE: J/M2: 10-5) and Dynamic Height (DYN-HT:M) are calculated 
by integrating from 0 to the level of interest.  Equations and Fortran routines 
are described in Unesco publication 44.

Neutral Density (GAMMA-N: KG/M3) is calculated with the program GAMMA-N (Jackett 
and McDougall) version 1.3 Nov. 94.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
August 23, 1999
Cruise P21E, R/V Melville
March 27, 1994 to May 15, 1994, Iquique, Chile to Papeete, Tahiti
EXPOCODE:  318MWESTW/4
Chief Scientist:  Dr. Michael McCartney
DQE of the discrete data listing for
CTD pressure, temperature, salinity, and oxygen, and bottle data for 
salinity, oxygen, silicate, nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate

The evaluation consisted of preparing plots of the parameters to be 
investigated.  All parameters and sigma-theta (calculated using the CTD 
derived potential temperature and the bottle salinity) were plotted 
versus pressure.  As necessary, supplementary plots of theta-salinity and 
salinity-silicate were prepared for individual stations or groups of 
stations.  In addition, plots of phosphate (x-axis) versus nitrate (y-
axis) were prepared for each station.  From these data, plots of the 
NO3/PO4 ratio and y-intercept versus station number were prepared 
(attached).

Positions from the .sum file were plotted and appear to be correct.  
Cast times and dates were checked for consistency.  Inconsistencies 
were found on two stations.  These have been corrected.

The bottle data from this cruise has been compared to that from other 
cruises where cruise tracks cross (see station position map), but the 
comparisons will not be presented in this report.  P21E was the first 
leg of a two leg cruise.  Since the equipment, techniques, personnel, 
etc. were similar for both legs, all data comparisons will be detailed 
in the DQE report for P21W. 

Results:
Overall the data look good and generally meet WOCE quality standards, 
but there are some problems that deserve special mention.

1.	Bottle oxygen analyses:  precision and analytical procedures used 
	[See the data summary for station 162 in Appendix One at the end 
	of this report]

In the very brief cruise report available for the DQE work the accuracy 
and precision of the oxygen technique used during this cruise are 
stated as: ~0.02 and ~0.005 ml/l respectively.  At station 162 the mean 
of the CTD-oxygen data was 178.2 ± 0.24 µmoles/kg.  This precision is 
~0.005 ml/l, the same value stated in the cruise report.  However, the 
mean of the bottle oxygen data was 180.8 ± 0.76 µmoles/kg; this 
precision is ~ 0.017 ml/l, about 3 times the precision indicated in the 
cruise report and ~4 times the recommended precision for discrete 
oxygen measurements listed in the WOCE manual (page 20).  At a 
concentration of 180.6 µmoles/kg, a precision of 0.76 equals ~0.4%.

All bottle oxygens from this cast were flagged 3 (questionable 
measurement).  This may have been done because the two data sets appear 
to be offset by ~2.6 µmoles/kg.  However, the precision is probably a 
reasonable estimate of the overall quality of the oxygen data from both 
legs of this cruise, taking into account Niskin bottle integrity, 
sampling errors, and all errors associated with the actual analysis.  
The later would include errors resulting from the procedure used on 
this cruise where aliquots of sample were titrated rather than the 
Carpenter (1965) recommended whole bottle titration.  In the last ten 
years there have been improvements in sampling, system components are 
routinely calibrated, automated burettes are being used, end point 
detection has improved, and there is now wide spread use of computer 
assisted titrators.  It would be worthwhile to re-evaluate these two 
techniques of sample titration to determine the extent, if any, of the 
differences resulting from the added manipulation of acidified samples 
before titration with thiosulfate over the range of oxygen 
concentrations likely to be seen in the open ocean.

2.	CTD Oxygen data evaluations.

With very few exceptions, the data originator has not flagged the CTD 
oxygen data.  Excluding the surface levels (typically the1st through 3rd 
bottles) and a few deep values, the CTD-oxygens look very reasonable.  
Even if the CTD and bottle oxygen differ the shape of the curves are 
very similar. In the Cruise Report for WOCE Cruise P31 there are 
several paragraphs devoted to the problems of collecting and processing 
CTD oxygen data.  The following statement appears: "Therefore the 
usefulness of data in the top 100 decibars should be carefully 
considered (page 11)."  This is very true, not just for P31 but most 
recent cruises on which CTD oxygen data have been taken and processed.  
Notwithstanding, an effort has been made to review and annotate the CTD 
oxygen data on P21E.

The following approach was taken in assigning quality 2 flags: in the 
upper 100 db of the water column, if the CTD oxygen value disagreed by 
~10 or more µmoles/kg from the bottle oxygen, these could be flagged 
either 3 or 4 depending on the magnitude of the difference.  If the CTD 
oxygen data indicated maxima or minima not seen in the bottle data or 
suggested by the data on adjacent stations, these would be flagged.  
For example, if the bottle data showed a true mixed layer in the first 
three levels of the cast and the CTD oxygen trace showed a pronounced 
maximum at the second level, this CTD oxygen value would be flagged 3 
or 4.

3.	CTD Salinity data from CTD 10.

At the end of station 111, the CTD was lost.  Through station 111, CTD 
10 was used for most casts. Differences in salinity between the CTD and 
bottles in the upper 500 db were high.  As a way of evaluating these 
large differences, the maximum difference between the CTD and bottle 
salts was tabulated for two groups of 11 stations, stations 29-39 early 
in the cruise using CTD 10 and 125-135 using CTD 9 (see Appendix Two).  
For stations 29-39, the differences ranged between 0.070 and -0.228 
p.s.u.  The mean was -0.018 ± 0.106 p.s.u.  When the mean was 
recomputed using the absolute values, the results were 0.081 ± 0.067 
p.s.u.  Analogous computations for stations 125-135 gave means of -0.012 ± 
0.011 and 0.015 ± 0.005 p.s.u.  Even in the near surface mixed 
layer, differences as large as 0.020 p.s.u. were seen with CTD 10, 
e.g., Station 37.

It would appear from these representative data that the CTD salinity 
data in the upper 500 db when CTD 10 was used have the potential of 
large differences that could perhaps be decreased by further data 
processing, specifically adjusting the sensor lag factors.  A large 
difference could also be explained in part by differences in the two 
sampling packages; the 36-place rosette is larger and packed with more 
instrumentation with resulting differences in flow characteristics 
through the package.

4.	Bottle spacing when using the 24 place rosette 

Through station 110 a 36-place rosette was used.  No water samples were 
collected at station 111.  On station 112, a 24-place rosette was 
employed with a different CTD.  However, with the 24 place rosette, 
deep water bottles were often tripped ~300 db apart.  The WOCE manual 
(page 12) states, "It is expected that the vertical sample interval 
will not exceed 200 m for each full-depth station..."  With the 24-bottle 
rosette this coverage was impossible.  The interval spacing on stations 
110 and 112 follow.  The upper water column was sampled about the same 
with both rosettes.

	    Station 110			      Station 112	
   Cast to ~3700 db, 36 bottles		Cast to ~3700 db, 24 bottles
Sampling range	bottle spacing	    Sampling range	bottle spacing
   (db)		    (db)		  (db)		    (db)
400 - 1600	    100			400 - 800	    100
1 level of	    150			1 level of	    250
1750 - 3400	    150			1050 - 1800	    250
1 level of	    200			2100 - 3600	    300

Minor difficulties included:

1.	occasional levels where bottles leaked and/or closed at depths not 
	desired.
2.	a few "bad" bottle salts.
3.	a few stations where the phosphate data appear to be offset from the 
	data on adjacent stations from 0.02 to as much as 0.05 µmoles/kg.  
	(See e.g. Stations 24 and 118.)
4.	inconsistencies in data flagging, e.g., on Stations 7 (896.7 db) and 
	31 (898.7db), the Q1 flag for the bottle was 2, but all bottle data 
	were flagged 3 or 4 because the bottle either leaked or tripped in 
	the wrong place.  The Q1 bottle flag of 2 would appear to be the 
	wrong choice.  And sometimes the PO4 and NO3 values for a leaky 
	bottle would be flagged 2, while all other water samples, including 
	silicate, would be flagged 3 or 4.  Even when falling on the 
	property/db curve, I believe these nutrient values should be flagged 
	uncertain (see e.g., stations 35 & 36 at ~400 db).
5.	bottle problems not being caught promptly.  On stations 34-36, the 
	bottle at ~400 db, #SI9328, either leaked or tripped at the wrong 
	depth. Before Station 37 which started ~ 17 hrs after the completion 
	of station 34, this bottle was replaced.  I would like to think that 
	problems such as this could be caught and rectified more quickly.
6.	When received at the WHPO, the nutrient data were in units of µM/l and 
	the reported nitrate data were uncorrected for nitrite.  The conversion 
	of the nutrient data to µM/kg and the correction of the nitrate + 
	nitrite data to nitrate have been made.  Personal communications with 
	Lou Gordon, the PI for nutrients on this cruise, indicated that the 
	volume units of µM/l should be converted to mass units of µM/kg using a 
	temperature of 21±2°C.  The processing program used to make the 
	conversion used a temperature of 25°C.  Over the range of salinity of 
	33 to 37 p.s.u., the conversion using the density of seawater at 25°C. 
	would give values ~0.11% higher than if the density based on 21° is 
	used.  For silicate at a concentration of 140 µM/l, and a salinity of 
	35 p.s.u., the difference would be ~0.15 µMoles/kg, 136.81 vis 136.65.  
	At the same salinity and for a nitrate concentration of 45 µM/l, the 
	difference would be ~0.05 µM/kg; similarly for phosphate at 3 µM/l, the 
	difference would be 0.003 µM/kg.  Although this does represent a bias 
	in the data, the ~0.1% difference is well within the WOCE recommended 
	reproducibility values for these three parameters of ~1 to ~3% in the 
	"better" laboratories.  (WOCE manual, page 20).
7.	As a result of the subtraction of the nitrite data from the nitrate + 
	nitrite data, the data listing now shows some negative nitrate values.  
	At the extreme, there are values higher than -0.4 µmoles/kg (see e.g., 
	station 44, bottles 36 and 35).
8.	At station 113 no nitrite values have been reported.  The nitrate 
	values on this station would be expected to be high since there was 
	no nitrite value to subtract from the results of the nitrate + 
	nitrite channel.  The nitrite values at adjacent stations have been 
	reviewed.  On these stations, the nitrite values are very low, never 
	exceeding 0.10 µmoles/kg.  Based on this, it would appear that the 
	nitrate values could be used without the necessity of approximating 
	corrections based on the data from the adjacent stations.
9.	Excluding the station position data from a few stations early in 
	the cruise, it would appear that the positions were recorded as 
	degrees, minutes and tens of seconds.  The tens of seconds were 
	converted to decimal minutes and rounded to 2 decimal places.  This 
	may account for the positions which consistently show decimal 
	minutes of 0.17, 0.33, 0.50, 0.67, and 0.83.
10.	There are some stations occupied between 3 and 4 hours which show 
	no changes in position over the duration of the station, see for 
	example Stations 41, 57 and 93.  Assuming that positions were 
	recorded to tens of seconds, this means that the ship drifted less 
	than ~1000 feet during this interval.  Either the watch was not 
	using the GPS to acquire the positions at the relevant times or the 
	actual positions represent some smoothing of the data over the 
	interval during which the station was occupied.
11.	Depth of surface bottle.  Over the first 100 stations, the range 
	in "depth" of the surface bottle was 4.2 to 14.4 db; the median was 
	~8.5 db.  The deepest surface bottle was at 25.5 db, station 127 and 
	for all of P21E, there were seven stations at which the surface 
	bottle was deeper than 20 db.  Unless there were problems with 
	weather or the CTD/Rosette package, 20 db seems rather deep for a 
	surface bottle.

Attached are listed changes to be considered by the data originator with some
explanations.  Most of these changes involve the CTD and bottle data for 
salinity and oxygen.  These "changes-to-be-considered" have not been separately 
annotated because they reflect the comments made in the text above.  A few 
suggestions have been made regarding other data.  These have been explained in 
this listing.

George C. Anderson
DQ Evaluator

References:

Carpenter, J.H. (1965b), The Chesapeake Bay Institute Technique for the 
   Winkler Oxygen Method, Limnology and Oceanography, 10, 141-143.
   Oceanographic Data Facility (ODF), 18 July 1997, Final Cruise Report, 
   Cruise P31. 
WOCE Operations Manual, May 1994, Vol. 3, Section 3.1, Part 3.1.2, WHP 
   Office Report 90-1, Rev. 2, Woods Hole, Mass, USA.

List of plots: All plots are shown in PDF file.

	Plots of the NO3/PO4 ratio, and y-intercept versus station number
	Station positions, all of Cruise P21 

APPENDIX ONE: DATA FROM STATION 162 P21W

At the start of leg 2 of this cruise, labeled P21W, at station 162, all 
36 bottles on the rosette were tripped at ~ 3900 db.  Plots of the data 
versus pressure indicate no appreciable gradients in any of the 
properties.  The data listing for this station is attached.

The means and standard deviations of all values have been computed and 
are listed below:

Property	Mean	Standard Deviation	Relative %	WOCE
								precisions 
CTD-Temp	1.4467	±0.0002					0.0005°C
CTD-Salinity	34.6938	±0.0003					0.001 p.s.u.
Bottle-Sal	34.6947	±0.0011					0.001 p.s.u.
CTD-Oxygen	178.2	±0.24			0.14		1.0 %
Bottle-O2	180.8	±0.76			0.42		0.1 %
Silicate	122.50	±0.18			0.14		0.2 %
Nitrate		33.61	±0.12			0.37		0.2 %
Phosphate	2.34	±0.02			0.72		0.4 %

WHI-ID P21W	STATION 162:  DATA WITH MEANS AND STANDARD DEVIATIONS
															Salinity	Oxygen
															CTD less	Bottle
Pressure	Temperature	CTD-sal	CTD-O2	Theta	Bott-sal     Bot-O2	SIL	NO3	NO2	PO4	Sigma-theta	bottle	less CTD
3910.9		1.4470		34.6933	177.9	1.1392	34.6963	     180.1	122.16	33.58	0.03	2.34	1.027792	-0.0030	  2.2
3911.1		1.4468		34.6937	177.9	1.1389	34.6944      180.1	122.29	33.58	0.02	2.33	1.027790	-0.0007	  2.2
3911.2		1.4469		34.6936	177.9	1.1390	34.6961	     181.0	122.17	33.70	0.02	2.35	1.027792	-0.0025	  3.1
3911.3		1.4465		34.6934	177.9	1.1386	34.6950	     182.5	122.93	33.55	0.03	2.34	1.027791	-0.0016	  4.6
3911.4		1.4465		34.6936	177.9	1.1386	34.6950	     182.5	122.49	33.62	0.02	2.35	1.027791	-0.0014	  4.6
3911.4		1.4467		34.6937	177.9	1.1388	34.6944	     180.1	122.35	33.53	0.02	2.35	1.027790	-0.0007	  2.2
3911.5		1.4464		34.6932	177.9	1.1385	34.6954	     180.1	122.36	33.63	0.02	2.35	1.027791	-0.0022	  2.2
3911.6		1.4464		34.6937	177.9	1.1385	34.6952	     181.2	122.37	33.59	0.02	2.34	1.027791	-0.0015	  3.3
3911.7		1.4465		34.6942	177.9	1.1386	34.6916	     180.4	122.38	33.70	0.02	2.35	1.027788	 0.0026	  2.5
3911.8		1.4468		34.6942	177.9	1.1389	34.6948	     180.8	122.55	33.52	0.02	2.35	1.027791	-0.0006	  2.9
3911.8		1.4469		34.6941	177.9	1.1390	34.6961	     180.8	123.01	33.47	0.02	2.36	1.027792	-0.0020	  2.9
3911.9		1.4465		34.6940	177.9	1.1386	34.6958	     180.8	122.71	33.43	0.02	2.35	1.027792	-0.0018	  2.9
3911.9		1.4467		34.6934	178.4	1.1388	34.6948	     180.8	122.42	33.49	0.02	2.35	1.027791	-0.0014	  2.4
3912.0		1.4469		34.6933	178.2	1.1389	34.6946	     180.8	122.28	33.64	0.02	2.34	1.027791	-0.0013	  2.6
3912.1		1.4470		34.6943	178.4	1.1390	34.6956	     179.9	122.60	33.73	0.03	2.36	1.027791	-0.0013	  1.5
3912.2		1.4465		34.6940	178.4	1.1385	34.6956	     179.9	122.76	33.55	0.02	2.36	1.027791	-0.0016	  1.5
3912.3		1.4470		34.6939	178.4	1.1390	34.6936	     181.1	122.67	33.53	0.02	2.34	1.027790	 0.0003	  2.7
3912.4		1.4467		34.6944	178.4	1.1387	34.6936	     181.6	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027790	 0.0008	  3.2
3912.5		1.4465		34.6938	178.4	1.1385	34.6934	     180.8	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027790	 0.0004	  2.4
3912.5		1.4464		34.6939	178.4	1.1384	34.6971	     180.8	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027793	-0.0032	  2.4
3912.7		1.4470		34.6937	178.4	1.1390	34.6926	     181.1	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027789	 0.0011	  2.7
3912.8		1.4470		34.6940	178.4	1.1389	34.6952	     181.1	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027791	-0.0012	  2.7
3912.8		1.4467		34.6943	178.4	1.1387	34.6946	     181.1	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027791	-0.0003	  2.7
3912.9		1.4465		34.6937	178.4	1.1385	34.6940	     181.6	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027790	-0.0003	  3.2
3912.9		1.4469		34.6937	178.4	1.1388	34.6954	     180.1	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027791	-0.0017	  1.7
3913.1		1.4470		34.6941	178.2	1.1389	34.6940	     181.0	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027790	 0.0001	  2.8
3913.4		1.4470		34.6940	178.2	1.1389	34.6950	     179.4	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027791	-0.0010	  1.2
3913.6		1.4465		34.6939	178.5	1.1384	34.6944	     180.1	122.59	33.51	0.02	2.37	1.027790	-0.0005	  1.6
3913.7		1.4470		34.6938	178.2	1.1389	34.6938	     182.8	122.60	33.43	0.01	2.36	1.027790	 0.0000	  4.6
3913.7		1.4466		34.6934	178.2	1.1385	34.6950	     180.8	122.46	33.39	0.00	2.35	1.027791	-0.0016	  2.6
3913.8		1.4469		34.6934	178.5	1.1387	34.6940	     180.8	122.62	33.43	0.02	2.38	1.027790	-0.0006	  2.3
3913.8		1.4468		34.6939	178.5	1.1386	34.6952	     180.8	122.48	33.50	0.01	2.35	1.027791	-0.0013	  2.3
3914.1		1.4465		34.6937	178.5	1.1383	34.6940	     179.4	122.49	33.59	0.02	2.34	1.027790	-0.0003	  0.9
3914.2		1.4469		34.6934	178.5	1.1387	34.6938	     181.0	122.35	33.60	0.02	2.35	1.027790	-0.0004	  2.5
3914.2		1.4470		34.6938	178.5	1.1388	34.6960	     181.0	122.66	33.37	0.01	2.36	1.027792	-0.0022	  2.5
3914.6		1.4469		34.6934	178.2	1.1387	34.6942	     180.5	122.49	33.75	0.00	2.32	1.027790	-0.0008	  2.3
Average		1.4467		34.6938	178.2	1.1387	34.6947	     180.8	122.50	33.61	0.01	2.34	1.027791	-0.0009	  2.58
Stdev		0.0002		 0.0003	0.24	0.0002	 0.0011	      0.76	 0.176	0.124	0.010	0.017	0.000001	 0.0012	  0.83
Rel %		0.0152		 0.0009	0.14	0.0189	 0.0031	      0.42	 0.143	0.369		0.723	0.000085		

APPENDIX TWO:
CRUISE P21E: CTD SALINITY, BOTTLE SALINITY COMPARISONS 
	BEFORE AND AFTER STATION 111

	CTD Fish #10					   CTD Fish #9	
Station	 Pressure	Max diff.	Abs.	Station	 Pressure	Max diff.	Abs.
No.			CTD less	Value	No.			CTD less	Value
			bottle salt					bottle salt	
29	 97.1		-0.060		0.060	125	202.7		-0.021		0.021
30	149.3		-0.016		0.016	126	300.9		-0.017		0.017
31	149.0		 0.065		0.065	127	250.3		-0.017		0.017
32	 99.4		-0.022		0.022	128	251.6		-0.017		0.017
33	 95.7		 0.126		0.126	129	100.8		-0.017		0.017
34	 50.5		-0.228		0.228	130	252.4		-0.019		0.019
35	402.4		 0.037		0.037	131	151.9		-0.016		0.016
36	 98.5		-0.047		0.047	132	400.5		 0.005		0.005
37	203.7		 0.049		0.049	133	300.9		 0.011		0.011
38	 50.8		-0.171		0.171	134	300.0		-0.015		0.015
39	200.3		 0.070		0.070	135	200.6		-0.006		0.006
	Average		-0.018		0.081		Average		-0.012		0.015
	Std dev.	 0.106		0.067		Std dev.	 0.011		0.005

STATIONS BEFORE STATION 111 WITH SIGNIFICANT CTD/BOTTLE SALT
	DIFFERENCES IN THE SURFACE WATER

Station	 Pressure	CTD less				
No.	 Range		bottle salt				
37	6.1 to 24.7	-0.020				
39	9.3 to 25.6	 0.014				
54	10.2 to 25	-0.006				
55	9.2 to 25.3	 0.006	    a swing of 0.012 p.s.u. on adjacent stations	
68	8.7 to 24.1	-0.012				
85	9.2 to 22.9	-0.033				
			-0.012				
	Most stations however, showed surface differences in the range of ± 0.003 p.s.u.

DQE Comments Cruise P21E

Stat.	Bottle	Depth	  CTD			  Bottle	Data			Q   Flags	Comments
	No.	(db)	Salt	O2	Salt	O2	SIL	NO3	NO2	PO4	1    2
4	SI9301	 117.0			X						3    2
5	9306	   8.0		X							2    3
	9305	  28.3		X							2    3
7	9320	 896.5									2    3		Bottle leaked or tripped at the wrong depth, not flagged
8	9313	2202.2		X							2    3
	9302	4383.9		X							2    3
	9301	4434.5		X							2    3
9	9336	  13.6		X							2    4
	9318	1397.7			X						2    3		Bottle salt looks low
10	9336	   5.9		X							2    4
11	9335	  25.7			X						3    4
	9326	 602.2				X					3    2		Bottle oxygen falls on property curve
	9320	1200.8	X		X						2,3  3,2	CTD salt suspect, bottle salt okay; perhaps wrong salt 
													flagged "3"
	9304	2807.0				X	X	X	X	X	2's  3's	Oxygen, nutrients look noisy; perhaps a mix-up during 
													sample drawing
	9302	3043.3				X	X	X	X	X	2's  3's	Oxygen, nutrients look noisy
12	9330	 248.9			X						3    4		Bottle salt very questionable
	9301	2987.7		X							2    3
13	9333	  50.5	X	X							2's  4's	CTD data very suspect
		  50.5				X					3    2
	9308	2299.1			X						3    4		Bottle salt very questionable
16	9426	  51.2		X							3    2		CTD oxygen values falls on property curve
	9417	 699.2		X							2    3
17	9435	  26.8			X						2    3
	9434	  52.3		X							3    2		CTD oxygen values falls on property curve
	9407	2942.5					X				2    3		silicate value looks low compared to adjacent stations
	9402	3787.0			X						2    3
	9401	3852.0		X							2    3
18	9427	 504.1		X							2    3
	9412	3347.2		X							2    3
19	9435	  23.8		X							4    2		Value falls on property curve
	9433	  98.7	X	X							2's  3,4	Values not on property curves
20	9332	 149.5		X							2    3
	9309	3499.2								X	3    2		Value appears consistent with data from adjacent stations
	9308	3745.7								X	3    2		Value appears consistent with data from adjacent stations
	9307	3997.0								X	3    2		Value appears consistent with data from adjacent stations
	9301	5322.4		X							2    3
21	SI9334	  52.9		X							3    2
	9325	 603.4		X							2    3
	9305	3594.8						X			3    2		Values look okay; fall on NO3/PO4 data plot for this station
	9304	3799.1						X					Values look okay; fall on NO3/PO4 data plot for this station
22	9324	 798.0		X							2    3
	9318	1401.2			X						2    3
23	9336	   6.3		X							2    3
	9335	  23.5	X								2    4
	9323	 896.8									2    3		Bottle either leaked or tripped at the wrong depth.
24	9336	   8.0		X							2    3		Deep phosphates 0.02 to 0.04 µmoles/kg low compared to 
	9334	  48.1		X	X								adjacent stations.  Deep salts noisy; Sigma-theta vs db plot
											2's  3's	not smooth
	9327	 499.8		X							2    3
25	9336	   7.8		X							2    4
	9327	 500.7			X						4    2
	9326	 602.2		X							2    3
	9302	4117.8	X								2    3
26	9334	  48.2		X							2    3
	9332	 999.8			X						3    2
27	9333	  26.9	X	X							2's  4's
	9332	  52.9			X						3    2
	9322	 798.8	X								2    3
28	9334	   8.0		X							2    3
	9331	  99.7		X							3    2
	9322	 794.8			X	X					2's  4,3
	9313	1694.9			X						3    2
29	36	   7.7		X							2    3
	34	  48.8	X		X						3,2  2,4	It appears as though the CTD salt is better than the bottle
													salt.
	21	1096.0				X					3    2
30	34	  49.6		X							2    3
	31	 199.7			X						3    2
	30	 249.4							X		5    2		Wrong level flagged as having missing nitrite value.
	28	 398.3			X						2    3
	27	 500.3			X						3    2
	25	 701.5									2    4		Bottle clearly tripped at the wrong depth; change bottle flag 
													to 4.
	15	1903.6							X		2    5		Value missing
31	23	 898.7									2    3		Bottle leaked; suggest bottle flag be changed to 3.
32	12	2295.9			X						4    3
33	SI9333	  95.7			X						2    4
34	9332	 148.1			X						4    3
	9328	 401.4					X				3    4		Value clearly off property curve
	9326	 598.2			X						3    2
35	9328	 402.4						X	X	X	2's  3's	Bottle tripped incorrectly; values suspect even though on
													property curves
	9322	 997.9			X						4    3
	9321	1102.2			X						2    3
36	9332	 149.6	X								2    3
	9328	 400.8						X	X	X	2's    3's	Bottle tripped incorrectly; values suspect even though on
													property curves
37	9324	 703.3									3    2		Unlikely that bottle leaked; all water samples look 
													acceptable
39	9318	   9.3		X							2    3
40	9336	   7.5		X							2    3
	9333	  97.6			X						3    2
	9332	 148.8			X						4    2
	9316	1499.4	X								3    4
41	9336	   7.2		X							2    3		Phosphates to ~2600 db flagged "3". Appear to be ~0.05
	9304	4247.0	X								3    4		µmoles/kg low compared to adjacent stations.
43	9334	  51.5		X							2    3
	9312	2339.0			X						3    4
44	9336	  11.6		X							2    4
	9328	 381.5			X						3    2
	9320	1211.6			X						2    3
	9306	3796.3						X			3    2
	9305	3996.4						X			3    2
	9304	4244.8						X			3    2
45	9332	 148.0			X	X					3's  2's
	9318	1305.1			X						3    2
47	9332	 146.7			X						3    2
	9319	1194.0			X						3    2
	9309	3199.9				X					2    4		Looks like there was some confusion during the drawing of 
	9308	3500.8				X					2    3		the oxygens between ~3200 and 3600 db. Data would 
													suggest no value at 3199.9 db. 
													The value at 3199.9 db should be entered at 3500.8 db.
48	9336	   8.1		X							2    4
	9335	  24.0					X	X	X	X	1's  9's	No nutrient data reported; sample not drawn
	9334	  49.3		X							2    3
49	SI9333	  99.3		X							2    4
	9332	 150.2		X							3    4
	9331	 201.0		X							2    4
50	9335	  26.3		X							2    3
52	9336	   9.0		X							2    3
	9305	3954.5			X						2    3
53	9335	  25.3		X							2    3
	9334	  50.1		X							2    3
	9333	 100.4		X							2    4
	9318	1305.2						X			2    3
	9316	1550.2			X						3    2
54	9336	  10.2		X							2    3
	9335	  25.0		X							2    3
	9334	  51.7	X								2    4
	9330	 247.5			X						3    2
	9328	 401.7			X						3    2
55	9334	  51.1		X							2    3
	9332	 153.4			X						3    2
56	9335	  25.1		X							2    4
	9322	1004.7			X						3    2		The CTD - bottle salinity difference is only 0.0009 p.s.u.
57	9336	   8.5		X							2    3
	9332	 149.4	X								3    2
58	9336	   8.7		X							2    3
	9335	  25.7		X							2    3
	9315	1754.6			X						3    4
	9303	4156.8			X						4    3
	9301	4474.3		X							2    3
59	9336	  10.9		X							2    3
	9334	  50.4		X							2    3
60	9334	  54.0	X								2    3
	9333	 105.4		X							2    3
61	9334	  50.5	X								2    3
	9302	4203.4			X						2    3
62	9336	  10.6		X							2    3
	9326	 602.1			X						3    2
	9312	2395.6			X						4    2
63	SI9333	 105.2		X							2    4
65	9336	   8.8		X							2    4
	9335	 243.5		X							2    3
	9334	  49.3		X							2    3
	9313	1997.1			X						2    3
66	9336	   7.2		X							2    3
	9318	1402.5	X								2    3
67	9336	   7.7		X							2    4
	9335	  24.6		X							2    3
	9325	 699.4			X	X	X	X	X	X	2's  3's	Bottle probably leaked; suggest bottle and water samples be 
													flagged 3.
	9308	2808.7									2    4		Bottle tripped at wrong depth; suggest bottle flag be 
													changed to 4.
	9304	3496.9			X						2    3
68	9336	   8.7		X							2    3
	9335	  24.1		X							2    3
	9334	  50.2		X							2    3
	9301	4304.9		X							2    3
69	9326	 600.9		X							2    3
70	9336	   6.2		X							2    3
	9333	  97.5		X							2    3
	9325	 602.4			X						2    3
71	9336	   7.8		X							2    3
	9333	  99.2		X							2    3
	9332	 140.8			X	X					4's  2's	Both values fall on property/db curves.
	9324	 796.5						X		X	3's  2's	Both values fall on property/db curves.
	9323	 892.7								X	3    2
	9301	3761.3		X							2    3
72	9315	1701.6			X						3    2
	9314	1799.4			X						3    2
	9308	2695.3			X						3    2
73	9336	   5.6		X							2    3
	9335	  25.0		X							2    3
	9334	  51.0		X							2    4
74	9336	   7.7		X							2    3
75	9336	   9.1		X							2    4
	9335	  24.8		X							2    4
	9334	  49.4		X							2    4
75	SI9324	 799.2						X		X	3's  2's	Values fall on property/db curves.
	9323	 899.7								X	3    2		Value fall on property/db curve.
76	9336	  10.8		X							2    4
77	9336	   5.4	X	X							2's  3's
78	9334	  48.4		X							2    3
	9310	2498.5		X							2    3
79	9335	  23.8		X							2    4
	9334	  48.1		X							2    4
80	9326	 495.9			X						3    2
	9324	 623.7			X						3    2
86	9334	  50.3		X							2    4
	9331	 203.3	X								3    2
	9318	1402.4			X						2    3
87	9336	   7.5		X							2    4
	9335	  23.5		X							2    3
	9334	  47.7		X							2    4
	9331	 200.3	X		X						3,2  2,3	CTD salt looks good; bottle salt suspect, perhaps wrong salt
													flagged.
	9318	1402.8			X						2    3
88	9335	  26.1		X							2    3
	9334	  48.9		X							2    4
	9329	 298.0		X							3    2
89	9336	  10.7		X							2    3
90	9318	   8.3		X							2    3
	9315	 100.2			X						4    2
	9301	1202.1						X			3    2
	9323	3151.4					X				2    3
	9319	3679.6						X		X	3's  2's	Values fall on property/db curves.
95	9335	  25.1		X							2    3
	9334	  49.6		X							2    3
	9323	 896.7			X						4    2
	9317	1497.4			X						3    2
	9301	3643.0		X							2    3
96	9336	  10.5		X							2    3
	9315	1753.0			X						3    4
97	9335	  22.2		X							2    3
	9329	 306.3	X								3    2
97	SI9328	 348.5	X								3    2
98	9336	   8.1		X							2    3
	9330	 250.6	X								3    2
	9327	 499.1					X	X	X	X	2's  3's
	9301	3311.0		X							2    3
99	9336	  10.7		X							2    4
	9335	  24.6		X							2    3
	9334	  49.4		X							2    3
	9315	1699.8			X						4    3
100	9335	  24.1		X							2    3
	9325	 700.8	X								2    3
101	9336	   6.4		X							2    4
	9333	 106.4	X								2    4
	9323	 898.3		X							2    3
102	9326	 602.1			X						3    2
	9302	3236.0			X						4    3
103	9330	 251.9	X	X							3's  4's
104	9336	   7.9		X							2    3
	9330	 251.5	X								3    2
	9329	 301.5	X								3    2
	9312	1998.0			X						2    3
105	9333	 102.7		X							2    3
	9327	 501.0			X	X					2's  3's	Looks like bottle salinities and oxygens reversed at these
													two levels.
	9326	 603.3			X	X					2's  3's
	9301	3355.2			X						3    2
106	9336	   9.4		X							2    4
	9335	  25.5		X							2    3
	9334	  48.0		X							2    3
	9323	 901.2			X						2    3
107	9336	  10.6		X							2    3
	9335	  23.9		X							2    3
	9327	 504.3			X						2    3
108	9335	  23.0		X							2    3
	9329	 307.4		X							3    4
108	SI9319	1203.4				X					3    2		The shape of the oxygen versus db curve is very similar to
	9318	1298.6				X					3    2		that on adjacent stations.  The data however, are slightly
	9317	1398.7				X					3    2		offset from these data, but not so much as to flag 
													these oxygens "3".
	9316	1500.7				X					3    2
	9315	1649.7				X					3    2
	9314	1796.4				X					3    2
	9313	1952.1				X					3    2
109	9336	   9.1		X							2    3
	9333	 101.1		X							2    3
	9332	 151.2						X			3    2		These nitrate data compare favorable with the data from the
	9331	 202.9						X			3    2		adjacent stations.
	9330	 250.2						X			3    2
	9329	 303.0						X			3    2
110	9336	  10.1		X							2    4
	9335	  25.1		X							2    3
	9334	  49.9		X							2    3
112	9405	  24.5		X							2    3
113	9404	   7.2							X		2    5		All nitrite data this station missing; data should be flagged 5.
115	9404	   5.9		X							2    3		Surface silicates are slightly negative suggesting a slight
													baseline problem
116	9404	   7.4		X							2    3
117	9405	  23.1		X							2    3
	9407	  48.8				X					2    3
	9423	1104.2			X						2    3
118	9404	   5.8		X							2    3		All phosphates this station are ~0.03 µmoles/kg lower than 
	9419	 602.6		X							2    3		on adjacent stations.  Lower values are not supported by 
													the nitrate or oxygen data. 
	9429	2297.1						X			2    3		NO3 value of 35.57 much better, perhaps a key entry error
													of 1 unit.
119	9404	   8.2		X							2    4
120	9404	   8.1		X							2    3
	9405	  24.1		X							2    3
	9407	  47.5		X							2    3
	9415	 298.6		X							2    3
121	9404	  10.8		X							2    3		At this stat Bottle 9433 showed a CTDO/bottle O2 difference
	9405	  25.4		X							2    3		of 1.1 units and was flagged 2; on stat 127 the bottle again
	9433	3346.7				X					2    4		leaked.  The CTDO/bottle O2 difference was 0.2 and was
													flagged 4.  Flagging not consistent.
122	9404	   6.1		X							2    3
	9405	  23.1		X							2    3
122	SI9435	3490.6	X		X						2,3  4,2	CTD salt is suspect; bottle salt looks okay.
123	9404	   7.7		X							2    3
	9411	 198.9		X							2    3
124	9404	   8.8		X							2    4
	9405	  23.9		X							2    4
	9407	  48.9		X							2    3
125	9404	  10.4		X							2    4
	9405	  24.7		X							2    3
	9407	  49.1		X							2    4
130	9421	   8.2		X							2    4		Deep PO4's ~0.02 to 0.03 µmoles/kg higher than on 
													adjacent stations.
	9413	2953.0								X	2    3		This phosphate value definitely low by ~0.04 moles/kg.
131	9405	  26.0		X							2    3
	9407	  48.8		X							2    3
133	9421	   5.4		X							2    4
134	9404	   8.9		X							2    3
135	9404	   7.8		X							2    3
	9407	  48.7		X							2    3
136	9404	   8.1		X							2    3
	9405	  25.0		X							2    3
137	9415	 300.3			X						2    3
138	9408	  98.9			X						2    3
139	9404	   8.7		X							2    3		From ~600 db to the bottom, the CTD salinities appear 
	9405	  22.4		X							2    4		offset and higher than the bottle salts by 0.0016 p.s.u.
140	9401	2603.5		X							2    3		CTD salinities offset 0.0012 p.s.u. from ~400 db to the 
													bottom.
141	9404	   7.9		X							2    3
142	9404	  23.7		X							2    4
	9405	  48.2		X							2    4
143	9403	1971.0		X							2    3
144	9404	   7.1		X							2    3
	9421	 800.5			X						3    2		Salinity flagging not consistent.  At 1204 db with a CTD/
	9428	1204.0	X								2    3		bottle salt difference of 0.0040 psu, salt was flagged 2; at
	9403	1930.0			X						3    2		800.5 and 1930 db with salinity differences of ~0.002, salts
													were flagged "3".
145	9411	  50.4		X							2    3
	9419	 250.3		X							2    4
146	SI9409	  21.9		X							2    4		Excluding 3 values, the CTD is offset 0.0018 psu higher than
	9411	  46.7		X							2    3		the bottle salts.
	9401	1482.5							X	X	3's  4's
147	9421	 897.0				X					4    3
148	9404	   9.0		X							2    3
	9405	  23.1		X							2    3
	9407	  47.5		X							2    3
	9415	 292.3		X							2    4
149	9405	  24.6		X							2    3
	9407	  51.4		X							2    3
	9428	1997.5									2    3		All water samples suspect; suggest bottle flag be changed to
	9431	2642.6			X						4    3		"3".
		2642.6				X		X			4's  2's	Although bottle flagged 3, water samples look fine.
	9403	4085.3			X						2    3
150	9404	   8.5		X							2    3
	9405	  25.7		X							2    3
151	9409	  46.7		X							2    3
152	9405	  48.8		X							2    3
155	9404	  24.0		X							2    4
	9405	  49.0		X							2    3
156	9415	   5.9		X							2    4
	9416	   6.4		X							2    4
	9417	  23.0		X							2    3
157	9404	   8.2		X							2    3
	9407	  48.3		X							2    3
	9420	 702.1				X					3    2		Perhaps flagged the wrong property.  May have meant to
													flag salinity since its value was 0.0033 psu different than
													CTD salinity value.
158	9404	   4.2		X							2    3
	9415	 305.6									2    3		Bottle appears to have leaked; suggest bottle flag to be 
													changed to 3.
	9429	1853.4				X					2    3		Bottle appears to have leaked; suggest bottle and oxygen
													be flagged 3.
159	9405	  23.4		X							2    4
	9407	  47.0		X							2    3
	9411	 198.0				X							It looks like the bottle at 198.0 db wasn't sampled for
	9413	 248.8				X							oxygen while the bottle at 248.8 was sampled twice.
160	9407	  50.1		X							2    4

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATA NOTES

1999.03.17 SA

P21 had NO2+NO3 and NO2.  I subtracted the NO2 from the NO2+NO3 to get the 
NITRAT (NO3) and replaced the NO2+NO3 with the NITRAT value.

Nutrients (SILCAT, NITRAT, NITRIT, and PHSPHT) were in UMOL/L units.  I 
converted to UMOL/KG units.

Station 30, bottle 15, sta. 113 bottles 24-1, and sta. 177 bottles 35 and 34 had 
-99.00 for NITRIT - I changed the -99.00 to -9.00 to be consistent with the rest 
of the file and the WOCE manual.

Station 126, bottles 24 and 23 had -99.00 for NITRAT - I changed the -99.00 to -
9.00 to be consistent with the rest of the file and the WOCE manual.

1998.12.17 SA

p21_su.txt
Changed EXPOCODE from 318MWESTW/4, /5 to 318MWESTW_4, _5.

Mostly consisted of adding and shifting columns to make the file conform to the 
agreed upon format. 

p21_newhyd.txt
Changed EXPOCODE from 318MWESTW/4, /5 to 318MWESTW_4, _5 WHP-ID from P21 to P21W 
and P21W to conform with the .sum file.

Does not have stas. 1-3, 81-84, 91-94, 111, 161, 163, 172 199,200, and 284. 
Although the .sum file does not have any comments to indicate why these are 
missing, there is a file p21_stalist.doc that sheds some light on this (see 
attached file).

There are also some stations that are numbered 913, 980, 985, 918, 401-406, 411-
417, 421-423, and 431-434 that are in the .sum file but are not in the .hyd or 
.ctd files. Again, the p21_stalist.doc file gives info about this.

Header says FC02, should it really be PC02???

Helium units are designated as UMOL/KG. Is that correct? Units for helium should 
be NMOL/KG - maybe a typo??

Units designated for SILCAT, N02+N03, N02, and P04 are UMOL/L. In comparing with 
the old file, it looks like that is correct. They should be converted to UMOL/KG 
units.

N02+N03 should have the N02 subtracted and NITRAT reported.
.WCT files
Changed EXPOCODE for p21e0004.wct-p21e0160.wct from 318MWESTW/4 to 318MWESTW_4 
and WHP-ID from P21 to P21E, and for p21w0162.wct- p21w0294.wct from 318MWESTW/5 
to 318MWESTW_5 and WHP-ID from P21 to P21W to conform with the .sum file.

Sta. p21e0034.wct - Changed CASTNO from 1 to 2 to conform with the .sum and .hyd files.
Sta. p21e0079.wct had the date as 042094, changed to 042194 to conform with the .sum file.
Sta. p21w0212.wct had the date as 060594, changed to 060494 to conform with the .sum file.

There are no .ctd files for stas. 1-3, 81-84, 91-94, 161, 163, and 284 (see 
attached p21_stalist.doc file).
p21_stalist.doc - I found this file in /usr/export/html-public/data/onetime/pacific/p21/original 
on whpo.

Sta_ctd.doc
List of which stations were taken with which CTDs. Stations not included in 
final data set are starred '*'.

STATION	CTD	COMMENTS
1	10*	
2	9*	Test: repeat same area as 1
3	8*	Test: repeat same area as 1
4-13	10	
913	9*	Test: bottles all deep, not repeating same area
14-39	10	
40-53	9	Part test:40-46 and 51-53 are interwoven btw CTD 10 stations, 47-
		50 are not. Keep all these stations in the final data.
54-80	10	
81-84	8*	Test: repeat same area as 78 to 80 but 10 min. further S. 980
	10*	Back to same location as 80
985	10*	Pylon failed
85	10	second station at 985
86-90	10	
91-93	1338*	Test: repeat same area as 87 to 90
94	1338*	NOT INCLUDED IN DATA SET- BAD DATA
95-111	10	CTD 10 lost on recovery of 111
112-160	9	
161	8*	For comparison with start of next Leg 
Leg 2		
162	9	Same location as 161
163	8*	Same location as 161 and 162.
164-171	9	
172	9	Pylon failed, no bottle data
173-218	9	
918	9	Numbering prob., station in between 218 and 219 so its 918
219-283	9	
284	8*	Repeat station of 283 with different CTD (correct in sum file)
285-294	9	
401-406	9*	First yoyo
411-417	9*	Second yoyo
421-423	9*	Third yoyo
431-434	9*	Fourth yoyo
The extra stations to be removed are: 1-3,913,81-84,980,985,91-94,161,163,284,401-434

1998:

03/11: sum file errors and replaced by LDT/SCD
08/06: sum file errors and replaced (again) by LDT/SCD

1999:

01/06: new files reformatted from S. Anderson online see doc/*notes*
01/06: CFC masked out (SCD).  Almost an "oops!"
01/27: CFCs back in file (Bullister, 1999.01.11)
-----
02/10: CFCs updated (merged in CFCs from R. Fine (D. Willey)

28 March 95

MV05.SEA is the at sea product of P21 made from preliminary, at sea data.  This 
data is only to be used as a reference for other incoming P21 data. 

CTD information:
CTDRAW is unscaled pressure and will not change between the preliminary and 
final version.  Pressure and Temperature are scaled with pre cruise calibration 
terms.  Conductivity and Oxygen are the best 'at sea' fits.

Water Sample information:
Water Sample Salts and Oxygens are final although quality word may be updated.  
Nutrients and all others are preliminary results.

Note on merging in water sample information:
Be sure to merge in data by matching sample number and not pressure.  
Although we did not have misstrip problems, processing may show that a 
bottle tripped at a different depth than listed. In that case the 
bottle and water sample information are shifted together to the correct 
CTD information.

Sarah Zimmermann
WHOI CTD GROUP
szimmermann@whoi.edu

