A.    Cruise Narrative: P13


A.1   Highlights
                         WHP Cruise Summary Information

WOCE section designation                  P13
Expedition designation (EXPOCODE)         3220CGC92_0, 3220CGC92_1, 3220CGC92_2
Chief Scientist(s) and their affiliation  John L. Bullister/NOAA-PMEL* Legs 0-1 
                                          Bruce Taft/NOAA-PMEL (retired)** Leg 2
Dates                                     Leg 0: 1992.AUG.04 - 1992.AUG.14
                                          Leg 1: 1992.AUG.15 - 1992.SEP.15
                                          Leg 2: 1992.SEP.25 - 1992.OCT.21
Ship                                      R/V John Vickers
Ports of call                             Leg 0: Transit from Los Angeles- 
                                                 Dutch Harbor, Alaska
                                          Leg 1: Dutch Harbor- Kwajalein
                                          Leg 2: Kwajalein- Noumea, New 
                                                 Caledonia
Number of stations                        87
                                                   54° 14.71' N
Geographic boundaries of the stations     161° 61' E           165° 22.54' E
                                                    4° 44.99' S
Floats and drifters deployed              17 RAFOS floats and 1 RAFOS sound 
                                                   source deployed
                                          11 ALACE floats deployed
Moorings deployed or recovered            none
Contributing Authors:                     Kirk Hargreaves, D. Greeley, E. Howard 
                                          Rutherford, J. Bullister, Michio 
                                          Robert David Wisegarver. M. Key, Paul 
                                          D. Quay. K.E. McTaggart, G.C. Johnson, 
                                          B.A. Taft, M. AOYAMA, George Anderson

*Chief Scientist Legs 0 & 1               **Chief Scientist Leg 2
 NOAA-PMEL, Building #3                     NOAA-PMEL, Building #3
 7600 Sand Point Way, NE                    7600 Sand Point Way, NE
 Seattle, WA 98115   USA                    Seattle, WA 98115   USA
 Internet: bullister@pmel.noaa.gov          Internet: taft@pmel.noaa.gov
 Phone (206)526-6741    
 Fax:  (206)526-6744


A.2   CRUISE SUMMARY 

A.2.A GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES

A.2.B STATIONS OCCUPIED

Figure 2 shows the stations occupied. Station number 60 was aborted and is not 
represented in this figure.

The P13 section began at 54 14.7 N, 161 06.6 E and moved southeastward to 51 30 
N 165 E. The section then proceeded southward to 4 44.9 S 164 00.2 E. Nominal 
station spacing north of 36 N was 30 nautical miles. Because of ship 
malfunctions and delays, insufficient time was available to complete the section 
as planned, and station spacing increased south of 30 N (see discussion below).  

87 Stations/CTD casts were completed, including 4 on the transit Leg 0, 51 on 
Leg 1 and 22 on Leg 2. Only small volume (10 liter and 2.4 liter) sample bottles 
were used. 

Approximately number of water samples analyzed:
      2685 salinity 
      2572 oxygen
      2608 nutrients
      1728 chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
      1270 Total CO2
      1265 Alkalinity

Approximate number of water samples collected for shore-based analysis:
       761 Helium-3 
       296 Tritium
       778 AMS radiocarbon (C-14) and C-13 

A.2.C FLOATS AND DRIFTERS DEPLOYED

17 RAFOS floats and 1 RAFOS sound source were deployed.
11 ALACE floats were deployed. 
17 ADCP profiles were obtained at stations between 4 N - 4 S using a rosette 
   mounted lowered ADCP instrument.

A.2.D	MOORINGS DEPLOYED OR RECOVERED

 
A.3	LIST OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS

Table 1:  List of Principal Investigators

Measurement                 PI            Inst. Internet
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
CTD                         B. Taft       PMEL  taft@pmel.noaa.gov
CFCs                        J. Bullister  PMEL  bullister@pmel.noaa.gov
Tritium                     W. Jenkins    WHOI  wjj@burford.whoi.edu
Helium-3                    W. Jenkins    WHOI  wjj@burford.whoi.edu
Helium-3 (deep)             J. Lupton     PMEL  lupton@@pmel.noaa.gov
Oxygen                      J. Bullister  PMEL  bullister@pmel.noaa.gov
Total CO2                   A. Dickson    SIO   adickson@ucsd.edu
Total CO2                   J. Downing    Bat
Alkalinity                  C. Keeling    SIO   cdkeeling@ucsd.edu
nutrients                   K. Fanning    USF   KAF@MSL1.Marine.USF.edu
DIC                         P. Quay       UW    pdquay@u.washington.edu
C14 (AMS) and C-13          P. Quay       UW    pdquay@u.washington.edu
ADCP                        R. Pinkel     SIO   rpinkel@ucsd.edu
ADCP (Lowered)              P. Hacker     UH    hacker@soest.hawaii.edu
RAFOS floats/sound source   S. Riser      UW    riser@ocean.washington.edu
ALACE Floats                R. Davis      SIO   davis@nemo.ucsd.edu
Underway atmospheric and    J. Butler     CMDL  butler@cmdl1.cmdl.noaa.gov
/dissolved gas measurements


PMEL  NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory 
CMDL  NOAA Climate Modeling and Diagnostics Laboratory       
UW    University of Washington          
Bat   Battelle Laboratory, Sequim 
UH    University of Hawaii 
SIO   Scripps Institution of Oceanography  
WHOI  Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 
USF   University of South Florida 
AS    Academia Sinica - People's Republic of China


A.4	SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMME AND METHODS

LEG 0:   
Leg 0 of the CGC92 expedition consisted of a transit from Los Angeles to Dutch 
Harbor, with 4 stations occupied along the cruise track to test the CTD/rosette 
system. One of these stations was a re-occupation of Station 'P' (50 N, 145 W).  
SIO scientists tested an underway ADCP system along the cruise track.

LEG 1:   
Leg 1 consisted of 51 stations (Sta. 5-55). The first station on this leg 
(Station 5) was a test CTD/rosette cast made in the Bering Sea, along the 
transit from Dutch Harbor to the start of the P13 line near the Kamchatka 
Peninsula. Sampling of the P13 section began on 21 August 1992 near the 200 
meter isobath off Kamchatka. A series of stations were occupied on a 
southeastward transit down the continental slope and across the Kamchatka 
Trench. The section turned directly southward at about 51 30 N, 165 E, and 
continued along the 165 E meridian for the remainder of Leg 1. A RAFOS sound 
source was deployed at 31 N, 165 E.   Nominal station spacing was 30 nautical 
miles from the start of the section to about 40 N. Due to a series of delays 
during the first part of Leg 1 (see discussion below) a decision was made at 
about 36 N to stretch nominal station spacing for the remainder of Leg 1 (36 N - 
10 N) to 40 nautical miles.   Due to concerns about possible structural 
deformation to Vickers, and concern over failure of a water-tight door to close 
properly, work on the P13 CTD/rosette section was halted on 9 September 1992 at 
about 30 N, and Vickers was ordered to steam directly to Kwajalein. We were 
unable to occupy any stations along the emergency transit to Kwajalein.

A total of 17 RAFOS floats and 2 ALACE floats were deployed during Leg 1. 

LEG 2.    
Vickers remained at the dock in Kwajalein for an extended period of time for 
evaluation of structural integrity by two marine architects and for repair. 
Vickers left Kwajalein on 26 September 1992 and began steaming back to the 
break-off point to continue work on the P13 section.   Contact was made with 
TOGA-COARE investigators (the group scheduled to use Vickers following the 
completion of the P13 section) to negotiate an extension for Leg 2, which would 
allow us a reasonable chance to complete the P13 section. After direct 
negotiations with TOGA-COARE investigators over the revised Vickers schedule, we 
were unable to come up with a mutually satisfactory agreement. The position held 
by TOGA-COARE at the end of these negotiations (requiring Vickers to be in port 
in Noumea on 21 October 1992) did not allow us enough time to complete the WOCE 
P13 section to even minimum WHP specifications. Since an agreement could not be 
reached between the 2 programs, the final decision was made by the Director of 
NOAA's Office of Global Programs, who sent instructions to USC that Vickers 
should arrive in Noumea on 21 October for TOGA-COARE staging.    With the 
remaining allocated time, Vickers occupied CTD/rosette stations at a nominal 
spacing of about 2 degrees from 28 N to 4 N, and closer spacing from 4 N to 4 30 
S. Lowered ADCP measurements were made on stations between 4 N and 4 S. The 
section was terminated on 17 October 1992 at 4 45 S 164 0 E in order to arrive 
in Noumea by the 21 October deadline. A total of 32 stations (Sta 56-88) were 
occupied during Leg 2 (one station Sta. 60 was aborted and not included in the 
listings).  

A total of 9 ALACE floats were deployed during Leg 2. 

DISCUSSION:

A NOAA-PMEL designed 36 position, 10-liter rosette frame was used at 84 of the 
88 stations on the expedition. A smaller 12-position, 2.4 liter rosette was used 
as a bad-weather backup system at several stations during the cruise. A General 
Oceanics (GO) 36 'Intelligent' underwater array (pylon) and deck unit were used 
with the PMEL 36 position system, along with a Neil Brown MARK III CTD (NBIS 
serial # 1111).   We feel that the new 36 position PMEL rosette package 
performed well on this expedition. The newly-designed General Oceanics 36 
position 'Intelligent' underwater array also performed relatively well. The GO 
system provides real-time information on the position of the release lever, and 
allows bottles to be closed in any order desired. Although a bottle (or two) 
often failed to close properly during casts due to 'sticky' release pins on the 
GO underwater array, these problems could normally be diagnosed immediately from 
information sent from the underwater array to the deck unit. This information 
gave the CTD operator the option of choosing to release another bottle at that 
depth if desired. Overall, the success rate achieved for closing 10-liter 
bottles with this new system was about 95%.   


A.5  MAJOR PROBLEMS AND GOALS NOT ACHIEVED

We encountered a number of problems which led to delays while at sea, and 
longer-than-planned port stops. Delays were encountered leaving port in Los 
Angeles (1.5 days), during an emergency port stop in Port Huaneme, CA (1 day), 
and extended port stops in Dutch Harbor (2 days) and Kwajalein (8 days). Time 
was lost due to slowdowns along the cruise track because of ship mechanical 
problems and weather. Additional time was lost on station due to conducting 
cable and wire termination problems.   There were problems with logging bottom 
depth using the shipboard PDR system. At several stations (28, 48, 53, 61) no 
reliable PDR bottom return could be obtained during the casts, and UNC values 
for these stations are not shown in the P13.sum file. Estimates of UNC bottom 
depths for these stations, (for use in showing bottom bathymetry, e.g. as shown 
in Fig. 2) were made by interpolation to adjacent stations, At a number of other 
stations, the PDR signal was too weak to be reliably detected upon the approach 
of the rosette near the bottom, causing such casts to be stopped a hundred 
meters or more away from the sea bottom for safety purposes.

A substantial amount of time was lost (8-10 days) due to the emergency breakoff 
of the section at 30 N, and the need to return to this point to continue the 
section on Leg 2. The decision that Vickers would be dropped off in Noumea for 
the first phase of COARE staging (rather than a port closer to the end point of 
the abbreviated CTD section, e.g. Honiara) cost additional ship and station 
time.

Due to this series of delays, the expedition extended about 19 days past the 
originally scheduled completion date of 3 October 1992 in Noumea, yet a 
substantial number of planned stations were not occupied. 

We feel that the station spacing achieved along the segment north of 30 N and 
the section near the equator (4 N- 4 S) met WHP guidelines, and that under 
normal circumstances, the full P13 section would have been completed 
successfully during this expedition. Preliminary analysis of the data indicate 
that they meet WHP quality guidelines for precision and accuracy. For several 
chemical tracers (e.g.. radiocarbon, helium-tritium, CO2), the total number of 
samples obtained, and the average horizontal and vertical sample spacing north 
of 4 S is reasonably close to that originally planned for the expedition (see 
P13.sea file)

We are disappointed with the overall outcome of the expedition. Due to the 
coarse station spacing between 30 N and 4 N, and the gap in the section south of 
4 S, we feel that the expedition DID NOT successfully fulfill the overall 
requirements for WHP line P13.   

A.6	OTHER INCIDENTS OF NOTE

A.7	LIST OF CRUISE PARTICIPANTS

Table 2:  List of Cruise Participants

NAME               NAT AFFIL  PROGRAM      LEG0|LEG1|LEG2 INTERNET
-----------------------------------------------|----|---------------------------
John Bullister     US  PMEL  Chief Sci.     x  | x  |    bullister@pmel.noaa.gov
Bruce Taft         US  PMEL  Chief Sci.        |    | x  taft@pmel.noaa.gov
Dave Wisegarver    US  PMEL  CFCs              | x  | x  wise@pmel.noaa.gov
Fred Menzia        US  PMEL  CFCs           x  | x  |    menzia@pmel.noaa.gov
Dana Greeley       US  PMEL  Salinity          | x  | x  greeley@pmel.noaa.gov
Kirk Hargreaves    US  PMEL  Oxygen         x  | x  | x  kirh@pmel.noaa.gov
Kristy McTaggert   US  PMEL  CTD            x  | x  | x  kem@pmel.noaa.gov 
Mike Stapp         US  PMEL  CTD/electron.  x  |    |    stapp@pmel.noaa.gov
Kevin O'Brien      US  PMEL  CTD               |    | x  kobrien@pmel.noaa.gov
Howard Rutherford  US  USF   nutrients      x  | x  | x  
  HOWARD@msl1.marine.usf.edu                   |    |
Kevin Riskowitz    US  USF   nutrients      x  | x  | x
Ron Greene         US  OSU   helium/tritium    | x  | x
Andrew Dickson     US  SIO   Total CO2         |    | x  adickson@ucsd.edu
George Anderson    US  SIO   Total CO2         | x  |
Ron Citterman      US  Batt  Total CO2         | x  | x
Peter Guenther     US  SIO   Alkalinity        | x  |    pguenther@ucsd.edu
Guy Emanuele       US  SIO   Alkalinity        | x  | x
Lloraine Bell      US  SIO   Alkalinity        |    | x
Bing-Sun Lee    Taiwan UW    CFC            x  |    |    blee@pmel.noaa.gov
Brian Salem        US  UW    C-13, C-14        | x  |
Stagg King         US  UW    C-13, C-14     x  |    |
Beth Plotkin       US  UW    CO             x  |    | x
Dale Ripley        US  UW    Floats- CTD       | x  |
Karl Newyear       US  UW    Floats- CTD       | x  |
Jim Butler         US  CMDL  trace gases    x  |    | x  
  butler@cmdl1.cmdl.noaa.gov                   |    |
Jurgen Lobert      Ger CMDL  trace gases    x  | x  | x  
  LOBERT@cmdl1.cmdl.erl.gov                    |    | 
Tom Baring         US  CMDL  trace gases    x  | x  | x
Rob Pinkel         US  SIO   ADCP           x  |    |    rpinkel@ucsd.edu
Eric Slater        US  SIO   ADCP           x  |    |    
Lloyd Green        US  SIO   ADCP           x  |    |    
Mike Goldin        US  SIO   ADCP           x  |    |    
Chris Neely        US  SIO   ADCP           x  |    |    
Amy Hsu            US  UCSD  ADCP           x  |    |   
Craig Huhta        US  UH    ADCP              |    | x 
Junshun ZHANG      PRC AS    CFCs           x  | x  | x
Lijun HAN          PRC AS    chemistry      x  | x  | x
Jeff Benson        US  USC   Marine Tech    x  | x  | x  jbenson@bbsr.edu
George Onodera     US  USC   Marine Tech    x  | x  | x
Tony Arnold        US  USC   Electron Tech  x  | x  | x
Mike Getscher      US  USC   Owner Rep      x  |    |   


Institution Addresses:
-----------------------------------------------
NOAA-PMEL   7600 Sand Point Way, NE
            Seattle, WA 98115

USF         University of South Florida
            Department of Marine Science
            830 First Street South
            St. Petersburg, FL. 33702

OSU         Oregon State University
            College of Oceanography
            Corvallis, OR 97331

SIO         Scripps Institution of Oceanography
            La Jolla, CA 92093

UW          University of Washington
            School of Oceanography
            WB-10
            Seattle, WA 98195

NOAA-CMDL   325 Broadway,
            Boulder, CO 80303

UH          University of Hawaii
            JIMAR
            1000 Pope Rd
            MSB-312
            Honolulu, HA 96822

AS          Academia Sinica  
            Institute of Oceanology
            7 Nanhai Road
            Qingdao, 266071
            Shadong
            Peoples Republic of China

 
B.   UNDERWAY MEASUREMENTS

B.1  NAVIGATION AND BATHYMETRY

B.2  ACOUSTIC DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER (ADCP)

Continuous underway ADCP measurements were made along the cruise track.


B.3  THERMOSALINOGRAPH AND UNDERWAY DISSOLVED OXYGEN, etc

Measurements of surface-layer dissolved gases and atmospheric trace 
gases (including nitrous oxide and halocarbons) were made along the 
entire ship-track.

B.4  XBT AND XCTD

B.5  METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS

B.6  ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 

Air samples were collected at approximately 5 degrees intervals for    
isotopic analysis of carbon monoxide and methane. 


C.   HYDROGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS

C.1. DISSOLVED OXYGEN 
     (Kirk Hargreaves, PMEL.)

Oxygen samples were drawn immediately after CFCs and Helium.  Calibrated 125ml 
nominal volume iodine determination flasks (Corning 5400-125) were used for 
sampling. Flasks were partially filled with sea water, capped, shaken, and 
emptied three time. Then, sea water was allowed to flow freely through the 
sampling tube and any air bubbles tapped away. The tube was then pinched off, 
inserted into the flask, and slowly opened to avoid any turbulence. Once 
completely opened, a wrist watch was used to time the filling rate (typically 7 
seconds). Two more flask volumes were allowed to overflow the flask using the 
watch as a reference.

Reagents were introduced immediately after sampling. The MnCl2 reagent tube was 
slowly inserted to the bottom of the flask and the reagent introduced. Then the 
NaOH/NaI reagent tube was inserted halfway into the flask and the reagent 
introduced. Both reagent dispensers were equipped with Brinkmann Anti-diffusion 
burette tips (catalog #6.1541.010) to prevent water exchange with the reagents. 
NOTE: more testing should be done to determine if the burette tips introduced 
significant mixing of the surface water with the low oxygen water in the flask. 
The low oxygen data does not indicate any variation which would be expected from 
such mixing.  Reagents were made to WOCE specifications as described by 
Culberson (1992).

Flasks are capped at this point and vigorously shaken. After station 49, 
distilled water from a squirt bottle was used to seal the caps (before station 
49 it was assumed expansion due to heating would maintain the seal. This was 
incorrect. After at least 20 minutes, the flask would be re-shaken and, after 
station 49, resealed. Time until re-shake varied from 20 minutes to 2 hours.

Samples were analyzed no earlier than 20 minutes and no later than 12 hours 
after being re-shaken. The samples for an entire station would be acidified, 
re-stopped and re-shaken. Before titration of a sample, its stopper was removed 
and washed down. Typically, one or two open flasks would be waiting for 
titration. The previous three steps are not ideal and probably lead to errors in 
the oxygen values. Data suggests this is on the order to 0.2 µmol/kg.

Titration was done using Carpenter's (1965) whole bottle technique with a 
modification of the system described by Friederich, et al (1991). A Kloehn 50100 
Syringe Drive with a 5 ml burette was used to dispense titrant (nominal 0.05 N) 
and has a linearity of 0.05%. New software to run the system was written by 
K. Hargreaves in Turbo C++ with Turbo Vision, but in hindsight it would have 
been better to use Friederich's software.  Standardization was done using 
approximately 0.01N potassium iodate solutions prepared from pre-weighed 
potassium iodate crystals. Buoyancy and temperature corrections were applied to 
get the actual standard strength at the time of standardization. Standard was 
dispensed with a 1ml Lab Industries Repipet with a calibrated delivery accuracy 
of 0.03% (under ideal conditions). Several different total volumes (typically 1, 
3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 ml) were used to generated a curve. Also, several 1 
ml aliquots were used to ensure a good blank. A linear least squares fit was 
calculated using the algorithm from "Numerical Recipes in C" (Press, 1988). The 
normalized chi-squared parameters was used to determine goodness of fit. 

Each new standard was compared to a reference standard. All except one agreed to 
within 0.3%. A correction factor was applied to samples run with the standard 
that did not agree, on the assumption that that standard was improperly weighed. 
Also, standards were compared to potassium iodate from a different manufacturer. 
No significant difference was found.  From duplicate oxygen samples drawn, the 
estimated reproducibility is 0.5 µmol/kg. The accuracy of the standardization is 
estimated to be 0.4%. This is calculated by adding by quadartures the 
repeatability of the standards (0.3%), the drift in the standardization in half 
a day (0.25%) and a 0.1% estimate of the accuracy of the standards. The total 
accuracy is estimated to be 0.4% of value + 0.5 µmol/kg.

Oxygen were converted from µmol/l to µmol/kg by dividing by the density of the 
water at the time of sampling. Water temperature was measured using a Cole-
Parmer G-08497-00 Pt-RTD thermometer together with a Sensing Devices GW2107-01 
thin film 100 ohm Pt-RTD (not calibrated, however). Density was calculated using 
the formula in Culberson (1992).

Also, the amount of oxygen present in the reagents (0.0017 ml O2 = 0.076 µmol 
O2, Culberson) was subtracted from the total measured amount of oxygen in the 
flask.


C.2  BOTTLE SALINITY MEASUREMENTS 
     (D. Greeley, PMEL)    

The salinity analysis aboard R/V John Vickers in the fall of 1992 was determined 
exclusively with a Guildline 8400 Autosal. This instrument was located in a 
temperature controlled van located on the aft end of the ship. The van was kept 
at 20.5 degrees Celsius +/- 1 degree Celsius. The bath of the autosal was kept 
at 21 degrees and proved to be very stable throughout the cruise. 
Standardization of the autosal was carried out with IAPSO Standard Seawater 
batch P114. There were ampoules of standard water which was clearly incorrect by 
comparison to the other vials and thus were not used. The P114 standard water 
was also compared to 5 ampoules from another batch of IAPSO water, P90. The 
results from this comparison agreed favorably with the Scripps comparison done 
in 1986 (Mantyla, Arnold: Standard Seawater Comparisons Updated, Journal of 
Physical Oceanography, vol. 17, 543-548, 1987). 


C.3  NUTRIENTS: 
     (E. Howard Rutherford, USF.) 

All analyses were done with an Alpkem RFA/2 320 autoanalyzer.  The methods used 
were modified from those recommended by the Alpkem Corporation. Working nutrient 
standards used were a mixture of phosphate, silica, nitrate and nitrite in a low 
nutrient natural seawater matrix. Simultaneous analyses were run on the RFA/2 
for all of these nutrients. 

SILICA: 
The technique utilizes the reaction of dissolved silicate with a molybdate 
solution to produce a silico-molybdate complex which is then reduced by addition 
of stannous chloride to form an intensely blue-colored molybdenum compound that 
is measured spectrophotometrically at its absorbance maximum of 815nm. The 
primary standard used was prepared from pure silicon dioxide fused and dissolved 
in basic solution.

PHOSPHATE: 
Under acidic conditions orthophosphate reacts with molybdenum (VI) and antimony 
(III) to form a phosphoantimonyl- molybdenum complex which is subsequently 
reduced by the addition of ascorbic acid. The mixed valence complex produced by 
the reduction is measured spectrophotometrically at its absorbance maximum of 
880nm. The primary standard was solid KH2PO4 weighed out before the cruise.  
Nitrite: At pH between 1 and 2 all nitrite undergoes diazotization with 
sulfanilamide and subsequent coupling with N-1- naphthylethylenediamine. The azo 
dye formed is measured spectrophotometrically at 540nm. The primary standard was 
pre- weighed NaNO2.

NITRATE+NITRITE: 
Nitrate present in the sample was reduced to nitrite by cadmium metal in an open 
tubular cadmium reactor.  Nitrate + Nitrite was then measured by the nitrite 
method described above. The primary nitrate standard was pre-weighed KNO3.

PROCEDURE
Samples were analyzed as soon as possible after each cast (usually within 2-4 
hours).  For each chemistry a set of five standards prepared by additions of 
known amounts of nutrient to a low nutrient sea water was analyzed at the 
beginning and end of each analytical run. Analytical runs for the 36 bottle 
rosette cast take about three hours to complete. At least every hour the slope 
of each standard curve was re-determined by analyzing the low nutrient sea water 
and an intermediate standard. The analytical blank used in the RFA/2 sample runs 
(the blank is assumed to contain no analyte for all four chemistries) was de-
ionized water produced onboard the R/V Vickers. The voltage resulting from the 
difference in refractive index between blank and samples was sufficient to 
influence computed sample concentrations in the phosphate and nitrite analyses.  
Magnitudes of these corrections were determined nine times during the cruise. 
Standards and blanks were all run in triplicate and samples in duplicate. 

Calculations Drift of standard curve slopes has been found to be generally 
linear with time (see the "Nutrients" section of the WOCE Operations Manual, 
July 1991, section author Lou Gordon). Slope was re- determined at least every 
hour and drift between determinations was assumed to be linear. Drift of 
baseline voltage also was assumed linear for periods up to one hour.  Each 
sample peak height was corrected for refractive index difference between blanks 
and samples and for baseline and standard curve drifts, assuming linear drift 
between determinations.


C.4. CARBON DATA
     (AG Dickson, CD Keeling, PR Guenther, and JL Bullister)
     2000

This data documentation discusses the procedures and methods used to measure 
total carbon dioxide (TCO2) and total alkalinity (TALK) at hydrographic stations 
during the R/V John V. Vickers oceanographic cruise in the Pacific Ocean 
(Section P13). Conducted as part of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment 
(WOCE) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate and 
Global Change Program, the cruise began in Los Angeles, California, on August 4, 
1992, with a transit line (Leg 0) to Dutch Harbor, Alaska. On August 16, the 
ship departed Dutch Harbor on Leg 1 of WOCE section P13. On September 15, 1992, 
the R/V John V. Vickers arrived in Kwajalein, Marshall Islands, for emergency 
repairs, and after 11 days in port departed for Leg 2 of Section P13 on 
September 26, 1992. The cruise ended on October 21 in Noumea, New Caledonia. 
Measurements made along WOCE Section P13 included pressure, temperature, 
salinity [measured by a conductivity, temperature, and depth sensor (CTD)], 
bottle salinity, bottle oxygen, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, silicate, 
chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113), TCO2, and TALK. 

The TCO2 was measured by coulometry using a Single-Operator Multiparameter 
Metabolic Analyzer (SOMMA). The overall precision and accuracy of the analyses 
was ±2 µmol/kg. Samples collected for TALK were measured by potentiometric 
titration; precision was ±2 µmol/kg. The CO2-related measurements aboard the R/V 
John V. Vickers were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.

C.4.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION

The World Ocean plays a dynamic role in the Earth's climate: It captures heat 
from the sun, transports it, and releases it thousands of miles away. These 
oceanic-solar-atmospheric interactions affect winds, rainfall patterns, and 
temperatures on a global scale. The oceans also play a major role in global 
carbon-cycle processes. Carbon is unevenly distributed in the oceans because of 
complex circulation patterns and biogeochemical cycles. The oceans are estimated 
to hold 38,000 gigatons of carbon, 50 times more than that in the atmosphere and 
20 times more than that in plants, animals, and soil. If only 2% of the carbon 
stored in the oceans were released, the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide 
(CO2) would double. Every year, the amount of CO2 exchanged across the sea 
surface is more than 15 times that produced by the burning of fossil fuels, 
deforestation, and other human activities (Williams 1990). 

To better understand the ocean's role in climate and climatic changes, several 
large experiments have been conducted, and others are under way. The largest 
oceanographic experiment ever attempted is the World Ocean Circulation 
Experiment (WOCE). A major component of the World Climate Research Program, WOCE 
brings together the expertise of scientists and technicians from more than 30 
nations. In the United States, WOCE is supported by the federal government under 
the Global Change Research Program. The multiagency U.S. effort is led by the 
National Science Foundation and is supported by major contributions from the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Department of 
Energy (DOE), the Office of Naval Research, and the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration. Although total carbon dioxide (TCO2) is not an official 
WOCE measurement, a coordinated effort, supported in the United States by DOE, 
was made on WOCE cruises to measure the global distributions of TCO2 and other 
carbon-related parameters [total alkalinity (TALK), partial pressure of CO2 
(pCO2), and pH]. The goal of the DOE's CO2 survey includes estimation of the 
meridional transport of inorganic carbon in a manner analogous to the oceanic 
heat transport (Bryden and Hall 1980; Brewer et al. 1989; Roemmich and Wunsch 
1985), evaluation of the exchange of CO2 between the atmosphere and the ocean, 
and preparation of a database suitable for carbon-cycle modeling and subsequent 
assessment of anthropogenic CO2 in the oceans. The final data set is expected to 
cover ~23,000 stations. 

This report presents CO2-related measurements obtained during the Research 
Vessel (R/V) John V. Vickers NOAA Climate and Global Change (CGC92) expedition 
along the WOCE meridional Section P13. 


C.4.2 TOTAL CARBON DIOXIDE MEASUREMENTS

The samples for TCO2 were taken in 500-mL borosilicate glass bottles in 
accordance with the procedure specified in Handbook of Methods for the Analysis 
of the Various Parameters of the Carbon Dioxide System in Sea Water (DOE 1994), 
an earlier version of which was available at the time in manuscript version to 
the DOE Science Team. The samples were poisoned with mercuric chloride to 
minimize biological activity prior to analysis.

Two duplicate samples were taken and analyzed for each profile: one in surface 
water (near the top of the cast) and one in deep water (near the bottom of the 
cast). These are used to assist in the assessment of the measurement quality. 

C.4.3 ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE

The samples were analyzed using a Single Operator Multiparameter Metabolic 
Analyzer (SOMMA) developed by K. Johnson (Johnson et al. 1985; 1987). The 
procedure using this specific instrument is described in detail in the SOMMA 
operating manual (Johnson 1991 - unpublished manuscript), and a description of 
the procedure is available in the DOE handbook (DOE 1994).

The principle behind this analysis is as follows: A known amount of seawater is 
dispensed into a stripping chamber where it is acidified and purged with an 
inert gas. The presence of solid carbonates, such as CaCO3, thus constitutes an 
interference in the method. The amount of CO2 in the resulting gas stream is 
determined by absorbing the CO2 in an absorbent containing ethanolamine and 
titrating coulometrically the hydroxyethylcarbamic acid that is formed. The pH 
of the solution is monitored by measuring the transmittance of a thymolphthalein 
indicator at approximately 610 nm. Hydroxide ions are generated by the 
coulometer circuitry so as to maintain the transmittance of the solution at a 
constant value. The relevant chemical reactions occurring in the solution are:

                    CO2 + HO(CH2)2NH2 -- HO(CH2)2NHCOO + H+
and
                                H+ + OH- -- H2O.

The hydroxide ions used are generated at the cathode by electrolyzing water:

                           H2O + e- -- ‡H2(g) + OH- ,

while silver is dissolved at the anode:

                              Ag(s) -- Ag+ + e- .

The overall efficiency of the coulometric procedure is calibrated using known 
amounts of CO2 gas, either from gas loops or from seawater-based reference 
materials.

C.4.4 ORDER OF ANALYSES

The samples were analyzed in the order surface-to-deep. This order allowed the 
cooler deep samples to come to room temperature before they were analyzed. 
However, this means that it is not possible to ascertain from the analytical 
measurements alone if there is a systematic variation in the calibration with 
the life of the coulometric cell (see Sect. 3.2.3 below).

C.4.5 CALIBRATION OF THE ANALYSES

The calibration of the analyses reported here was problematic. The original plan 
was to use gas loops to calibrate the coulometer system and to check the 
performance of the analyses using certified reference materials (CRM Batch 13, 
certified TCO2 value 2015.13 µmol/kg). Unfortunately, a post-cruise examination 
of the results showed that the calibration factor calculated for gas loops was 
unexpectedly variable; an examination of the calibration factor that would have 
been calculated from the analyses of the CRMs also showed similar variability 
(equivalent to a standard deviation of measurement of 2.4 µmol/kg). 

A more detailed examination showed that the variability was restricted to those 
measurements that had been made in the early stages of a cell's lifetime; 
measurements on gas loops (Fig. 3 in hard copy) or on CRMs (Fig. 4 in hard copy) 
made later in the cell's lifetime were much more stable as well as being lower 
(counts/µmol) than the initial measurements. 

The reason for this variability appears to be that the cell was not adequately 
conditioned prior to being calibrated and used (Ken Johnson, BNL, personal 
communication). Consequently, measurements made early in the cell lifetime are 
suspect. These include all of the initial gas loop calibrations as well as the 
initial measurement of the reference material. The early measurements that were 
made on water from the upper ocean may also be somewhat degraded (see Sect. 
3.2.4 below).

The calibration approach used to calculate the results presented here was as 
follows:

- The calibration of an individual coulometer was assumed to remain stable from 
  day to day throughout its period of use. This assumption reflects the 
  experience of most investigators (Dickson 1992) and is also borne out by the 
  measurements from this cruise made later in the cell life (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 
  4). Note that a single coulometer unit was used throughout Leg 1 and for part 
  of Leg 2; it was exchanged during Leg 2 on October 7, 1992, prior to 
  measurement of samples from station 65. 

- Thus the measurements on reference materials were divided into two groups: one 
  prior to station 65, the other from station 65 to the end of the cruise, and a 
  mean calibration factor was calculated separately for each group of analyses 
  (based on the measurements made on reference materials later in the cell 
  lifetime).

- This universal (coulometer dependent) calibration factor (i.e., based on the 
  CRMs) was used to calibrate the measurements made on individual sea water 
  samples.

C.4.6 MEASUREMENT DATA QUALITY

Because of the difficulty in assigning a meaningful calibration to the analyses 
of total dissolved inorganic carbon made on this cruise, it is difficult to 
assess the data quality of the measurements presented here. Although it is 
apparent that analyses made later in the coulometric cell's lifetime are less 
variable, it is less clear when the measuring system settles down. Thus the 
measurements that are made early in the cell lifetime are also necessarily 
suspect (this is discussed in more detail below).

One indication of the potential accuracy of the measurement system is the degree 
of agreement between the calibration factors based on gas loops and those based 
on CRMs. The average difference is of the order of 0.1% (Leg 1: 0.14%, Leg 2: 
0.06%), thus indicating that the gas loops had the potential of providing an 
accurate calibration if the cell had been adequately conditioned.

The precision of measurement is harder to assess. Duplicate samples were taken 
at each full station. These were typically a surface sample (in the top 10 m) 
and a deep sample (usually from one of the two deepest Niskin bottles). The 
duplicates were analyzed with the surface pair being analyzed at the beginning 
of a run and the deep pair being split between the beginning and end of a run. 

The standard deviation of a single measurement calculated from these duplicates 
was 1.3 µmol/kg for the surface samples (analyzed together); and 2.0 µmol/kg for 
the deep samples (analyzed at the start and end of a run).

However, the standard deviation figures are somewhat misleading. The mean 
difference for the surface samples (first and second) is 0.4 µmol/kg; that for 
the deep samples is 1.2 µmol/kg. This suggests that even during the measurement 
of these duplicates the calibration of the cell is changing in the direction 
shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. Hence, the measurements on the samples done in the 
first part of a run, those from the upper ocean, may, on occasion, be biased 
high by the use of a calibration factor more appropriate to the later 
measurements. An examination of the data on duplicates indicates that the extent 
of this bias is unlikely to exceed 4 µmol/kg and may on many occasions be less 
than that (see Section 3.4 for an evidence from the shore-based replicate 
measurements). The measurements on the later (deep) samples would be expected to 
have a precision similar to that found for the later CRMs: a standard deviation 
of 1.1 µmol/kg (i.e., a similar magnitude to that found for those duplicate 
measurements that were run side-by-side at the beginning of the run).

C.4.7 TOTAL ALKALINITY MEASUREMENTS

The TALK concentrations were determined by potentiometric titration of 1153 
Niskin samples, 574 from Leg 1 and 579 from Leg 2. Samples from throughout the 
water column were measured on 39 stations (nominally 36 depths per station) and 
from surface Niskins only on 41 additional stations. The TALK was measured on an 
aliquot of seawater taken from the same 500-mL bottle previously analyzed for 
TCO2. Calibration of the shipboard measurements of TALK reported in this numeric 
data package depends upon the standardization of the HCl titrants with 
titrations of primary standard sodium carbonate solutions at SIO. The titration 
system and its calibration are described in Guenther et al. (1994a), a reprint 
of which is provided in Appendix A of this report. Adjustments to the TALK 
calibration scale are likely to be made in the future. 

Data quality was assessed at sea by titration of replicate seawater samples, 
secondary standard bicarbonate solutions prepared at SIO before expedition, and 
bottles of CRM batch number 13. Aliquots from the replicate seawater samples and 
the CRMs were titrated after aliquots had been removed for TCO2 measurements.

The short-term repeatability was estimated by analyzing the agreement of pairs 
of replicate seawater samples titrated simultaneously, using equation (3) in 
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) 23 of the DOE (1994). One or two pairs 
usually were measured on each day of analysis. On Leg 1, for 33 pairs, the 
sample standard deviation, si, of a single measurement was estimated to be 1.56 
µmol/kg. On Leg 2, for 30 pairs, si was estimated to be 2.13 µmol/kg.

Two batches of bicarbonate reference materials were titrated during the cruise. 
Usually four measurements were made per day. Analysis of the results using the 
normal equation for sample standard deviation yields an estimate of the 
reproducibility of the measurements over the entire cruise. The si was found to 
be 2.77 µmol/kg for 75 measurements of batch "A" and 2.03 µmol/kg for 90 
measurements of batch "B."

Titrations of CRM samples provided an additional estimate of reproducibility and 
also an estimate of the accuracy through comparison of the at-sea results with 
the value certified by the laboratory of A. G. Dickson at SIO. The value for CRM 
batch 13, certified by titrations in 1996 on archived samples, was 2203.79 
µmol/kg. During the cruise 84 titrations of CRM batch 13 were made. After 6 
measurements were rejected, the si calculated for 78 measurements was 2.29 
µmol/kg. The average TALK for the 78 measurements was 2201.26 µmol/kg, nearly 
within one standard deviation of the certified value. The TALK measurements of 
seawater reported here have NOT been adjusted by this difference. Figure 5 in 
the hard copy is a plot of the difference between the shipboard TALK of CRM 
batch 13 and the certified value versus time during both legs of the cruise.


C.4.8 SHORE-BASED REPLICATE MEASUREMENTS

During the expedition, 322 duplicate samples were collected and returned to SIO 
for shore-based measurements in the laboratory of C. D. Keeling. A total of 309 
TCO2 and 314 TALK measurements were performed on these samples. The 13C/12C 
isotopic ratio of the carbon comprising the TCO2 was also measured (but not 
reported in this numeric data package). Comparisons between the shore-based 
measurements of TCO2 and TALK and those made at sea on water from the same 
Niskin bottles provide further quality control information on the carbon data 
set for WOCE Section P13.

Shore-based measurements of TCO2 were made by vacuum extraction/manometry using 
the procedures established for the DOE/WOCE ocean CO2 program (Guenther et al. 
1994b). Results are tabulated in Table B.1 in Appendix B. This table also lists 
the corresponding SOMMA TCO2 values and the differences between the shipboard 
and shore-based values. Shipboard data are identified as "SIO" and shore-based 
as "S.I.O." The repeatability of the shore-based results themselves can be 
estimated from the agreement of the duplicate samples measured (DOE 1994). The 
sample standard deviation, si, of an individual shore-based result represents 
the short-term imprecision of the laboratory analysis, together with imprecision 
introduced by sampling and storage. The si calculated for the set of 140 pairs 
of data was 0.95 µmol/kg. Twelve pairs were rejected from this calculation, as 
shown by the flags in Table B.1. This "replicate imprecision" is approximately 
average for DOE/WOCE program cruises.

Of the 140 ship - shore differences corresponding to the "good" pairs of shore-
based data, two were rejected for being more than 3si from the average (-17.17 
and 20.21 µmol/kg). The average difference for the remaining 138 comparisons was 
1.37 µmol/kg, with the shore-based being higher, and the si of an individual 
difference was 3.11 µmol/kg. The average difference was typical for DOE/WOCE 
cruises during the 1991-1994 period, but the si is rather large. A reason for 
the increased scatter is the presence of a depth-dependent bias between the ship 
shore differences. The usual sampling depths for shore-based replicate samples 
on DOE/WOCE cruises were surface and deep (nominally 3000 m). Differences for 
WOCE Section P13 are plotted in Figure 6 for this subset of comparisons. 
"Surface" samples are the shallowest on a station, ranging from 10 to 75 m in 
depth, and "deep" samples are the deepest, ranging from 1000 to 3200 m. The 
average surface deep bias for the subset of surface and deep samples in Figure 6 
(18 differences between "good" replicate pairs) is 3.5 µmol/kg (si = 2.5 
µmol/kg). A surface deep bias has been evident for only a few other cruises and 
usually is smaller. On this cruise, shore-based replicate samples were also 
collected in profile from 9 to 12 Niskin bottles from the surface to nominally 
3000 m on 10 stations. Ship shore differences for the top several depths of 
these stations change toward the more negative deep differences. From 400 m 
down, the differences are relatively constant. 

The surface-deep bias results agree fairly well with measurements made at sea. 
Shipboard measurements for surface comparisons between shore-based and shipboard 
measurements were made early in the measurement runs, while those for deep 
comparisons were made late in the runs. Use of the lower calibration factors 
measured late in the runs resulted in a high bias for measurements made early in 
the runs (see section 3.2.4). On average, CRM measurements made early in the 
runs were 2.6 µmol/kg higher than those made late in the runs. Also, deep 
samples measured early in the runs on Leg 1 on average were 2.3 µmol/kg higher 
than their duplicates measured late in the runs. However, this pattern was far 
less apparent for Leg 2.

Shore-based measurements of TALK were made by essentially the same 
potentiometric titration system as the measurements made at sea. The primary 
difference was that the aliquots for shore-based titrations more often were 
dispensed gravimetrically into the titration cell, instead of volumetrically. 
The aliquots were removed from the sample bottles after those for shore-based 
TCO2 had been removed. Results are tabulated in Table B.2. This table also lists 
the corresponding shipboard TALK values and the differences between shore-based 
and shipboard values. As described for the shore-based TCO2, the replicate 
imprecision of the shore-based TALK measurements is estimated from the agreement 
of the duplicate measurements. For samples with analyses from both gravimetric 
and volumetric systems, analyses separated by more than a week of elapsed time 
were rejected. For one set of titrations made within a few days on both systems, 
the gravimetric data were chosen over the volumetric. The si was 1.90 µmol/kg 
for 154 pairs of measurements, with four pairs rejected as shown by the flags in 
Table B.2. The apparent imprecisions of the shipboard TALK results (see 
discussion in section 3.3) and the shore-based results are similar, ~2 µmol/kg.

The average ship - shore difference for TALK is calculated from 147 of the total 
of 150 comparisons of "good" shore-based duplicates with corresponding shipboard 
values. Three comparisons with differences of 18.78, 15.63, and 23.01 µmol/kg 
(greater than 3si) were rejected. The average difference is 3.35 µmol/kg 
(shipboard higher). The si of an individual difference is 4.11 mol/kg. Both the 
average ship shore difference and its imprecision are likely to change after the 
anticipated adjustments to the TALK calibration scale are made, so further 
analysis and plotting of the data will not be presented at this time.


C.5. CFC MEASUREMENTS 
     (J. Bullister)     

CFCs were usually the first water sample collected from the 10 liter bottles. 
Care was taken to co-ordinate the sampling of CFCs with other gas samples to 
minimize the time between the initial opening of each bottle and the completion 
of sample drawing. In most cases, helium, tritium, dissolved oxygen, total CO2, 
alkalinity and pH samples were collected within several minutes of the initial 
opening of each bottle. CFC samples were collected in 100 ml precision glass 
syringes, and held immersed in a water bath until processing.

The CFC analytical system functioned relatively well during this expedition. The 
CFC system was installed in a specially designed laboratory van located on deck, 
and was isolated from possible contamination from high levels of CFCs which are 
sometimes present in air inside ship laboratories. Concentration of CFCs in air 
inside this van were usually close to those of clean marine air.

Concentrations of CFC-11 and CFC-12 in air samples, seawater and gas standards 
on the cruise were measured by shipboard electron capture gas chromatography, 
according to the methods described by Bullister and Weiss (1988). The 
concentrations of CFC-11 and CFC-12 in air, seawater samples and gas standards 
are reported relative to the SIO 1986 calibration scale. CFC concentrations in 
air and standard gas are reported in units of mole fraction CFC in dry gas, and 
are typically in parts-per-trillion (ppt) range. Dissolved CFC concentrations 
are given in unit of picomole CFC per kg seawater (pmol/kg). CFC concentrations 
in air and seawater samples were determined by fitting their chromatographic 
peak areas to multi-point calibration curves, generated by injecting known 
volumes of gas from a CFC working standard (PMEL cylinder 71489) into the 
analytical instrument. This concentrations of CFC-11 and CFC-12 in this working 
standard were calibrated versus a primary CFC standard (CC36743) before and 
after the cruise. No measurable drift in the working standard could be detected 
during this interval. Full range calibration curves were run at 1 to 2 day 
intervals. Single injections of a fixed volume of standard gas were run much 
more frequently (at intervals of 1 to 2 hours) to monitor short term changes in 
detector sensitivity. The estimated reproducibility of the calibrations is about 
1.3% for CFC-11 and 0.5% for CFC-12.  We estimate a precision (1 standard 
deviation) for dissolved CFC measurements of about 1%, or 0.005 pmol/kg, 
whichever is greater.

Sample loops filled with CFC-free gas, and syringe samples of CFC-free water 
(degassed in a specially designed glass chamber) were run to check sampling and 
analytical blanks.  CFC-11 and CFC-12 concentrations measured in deep samples 
along the section were typically in the range of 0 to 0.007 pmol/kg, near the 
detection limit of the analytical system (~0.004 µmol/kg). Previous studies 
(Warner, et al 1996) of time-dependent tracers in this region of the Pacific 
indicate that waters at densities sigma0>27.4 should have CFC concentrations 
near zero at present. We attribute the low level CFC signal in deep samples to 
the slow release of CFC from the walls and O-rings of the 10 liter bottles into 
the seawater sample during storage, and to contamination during the transfer and 
storage of the seawater samples in glass syringes prior to analysis. Based on 
the median concentrations observed in deep water samples along the section, the 
following blank correction were applied to the seawater measurements:

                 CFC-11 blank  corrections applied (in µmol/kg):
                 -----------------------------------------------
                  Sta.  1-43            0.010 µmol/kg
                  Sta. 44-88            0.008 µmol/kg

                 CFC-12 blank  corrections applied (in µmol/kg):
                 -----------------------------------------------
                  Sta.   1-4            0.000
                  Sta.  5-23            0.021
                  Sta. 24-27             .034
                  Sta. 28-52            0.018
                  Sta. 53-88            0.009

As a result of this blank correction, some concentrations reported for deep 
samples are less than zero.

A number of water samples had anomously high CFC11 and/or CFC11 concentrations 
relative to adjacent samples. These high values appeared to occur more or less 
randomly, and were not clearly associated with other features in the water 
column (e.g.. elevated oxygen concentrations). In most cases, only one of the 2 
CFCs measured showed these anomolously high levels. This suggests that the high 
values were due to analytical variability or isolated low-level contamination 
events. These samples are included in this report and are flagged as either 3 
(questionable) or 4 (bad) measurements. Approximately 181 analyses of CFC-11 and 
76 analyses of CFC-12 were given flags of 3 or 4.


C.6. DATA CHECKS AND PROCESSING PERFORMED BY CDIAC
                            
An important part of the numeric data packaging process at the Carbon Dioxide 
Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) involves the quality assurance (QA) of data 
before distribution. Data received at CDIAC are rarely in a condition that would 
permit immediate distribution, regardless of the source. To guarantee data of 
the highest possible quality, CDIAC conducts extensive QA reviews that involve 
examining the data for completeness, reasonableness, and accuracy. The QA 
process is a critical component in the value-added concept of supplying 
accurate, usable data for researchers.  The following information summarizes 
the data processing and QA checks performed by CDIAC on the data obtained during 
the R/V John V. Vickers cruise along WOCE Section P13 in the Pacific Ocean.

1. The final carbon-related data were provided to CDIAC by A. G. Dickson, P. R. 
   Guenther, and C. D. Keeling of Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The final 
   hydrographic and chemical measurements and the station information files were 
   provided by the WOCE Hydrographic Program Office (WHPO) after quality 
   evaluation. A FORTRAN 90 retrieval code was written and used to merge and 
   reformat all data files.

2. To check for obvious outliers, all data were plotted by use of a PLOTNEST.C 
   program written by Stewart C. Sutherland (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory). 
   The program plots a series of nested profiles, using the station number as an 
   offset; the first  station is defined at the beginning, and subsequent 
   stations are offset by a fixed interval ionable measurement) or "4" (bad 
   measurement) (see File Descriptions in Part 2 of this documentation).

3. To identify "noisy" data and possible systematic, methodological errors, 
   property-property plots for all parameters were generated, carefully 
   examined, and compared with plots from previous expeditions in the Pacific 
   Ocean.

4. All variables were checked for values exceeding physical limits, such as 
   sampling depth values that are greater than the given bottom depths.

5. Dates, times, and coordinates were checked for bogus values (e.g., values of 
   MONTH < 1 or > 12; DAY < 1 or > 31; YEAR < or > 1992; TIME < 0000 or > 2400; 
   LAT  < -10.000 or > 60.000; and LONG < 160.000 or > 170.000).

6. Station locations (latitudes and longitudes) and sampling times were examined 
   for consistency with maps and cruise information supplied by A. Dickson and 
   C. Keeling of SIO.

7. The designation for missing values, given as -9.0 in the original files, was 
   changed to -999.9 for the consistency with other oceanographic data sets.


C.7. CTD/02 MEASUREMENTS
     (K.E. McTaggart, G.C. Johnson, and B.A. Taft)

ABSTRACT

Summaries of Neil Brown Instrument Systems CTD/02 measurements and hydrographic 
data acquired on a Climate and Global Change cruise during the fall of 1992 
aboard the RN Vickers are presented. The majority of these data were collected 
along 165°E from 51.5°N to 5°S. Data collected on a NW-SE dog-leg from the 200-m 
isobath off the coast of Kamchatka to the beginning of the 165°E line at 51.5°N 
are also presented. Data acquisition and processing systems are described and 
calibration procedures are documented. Station location, meteorological 
conditions, CTD/02 summary data listings, profiles, and potential temperature- 
salinity diagrams are included for each cast. Section plots of oceanographic 
variables and hydrographic data listings are also given.


C.7.1 INTRODUCTION

In support of NOAA's Climate Program, PMEL scientists have been measuring the 
growing burden of greenhouse gases in the thermocline waters of the Pacific 
Ocean and the overlying atmosphere since 1980. During this cruise, hydrographic 
and chemical measurements began with a series of closely spaced stations 
extending from the Kamchatka Peninsula across the western boundary current 
regime. The section then crossed the northern end of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench 
and extended southward along 165°E from 51.5°N to 5°S crossing such major 
features as the North Pacific subpolar gyre, Kuroshio Extension, subtropical 
gyre, and the equatorial current system. Full water column CTD/02 profiles and a 
suite of anthropogenic and natural tracers including chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), 
helium-tritium, radiocarbon, total C02, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, dissolved 
nutrients and salinity were collected. These measurements will be used to study 
the distribution, sources, and formation rates of water masses and their flow 
patterns and time scales. The CFC and tritium measurements will be of use in 
studying the rates of upper and intermediate water mass formation and transport 
processes. C02 measurements will be used to study the flux of C02 from 
atmosphere to ocean and the importance of this region as a sink for C02.

Four stations were occupied on the transit leg from Los Angeles to Dutch Harbor 
to test the CTD/rosette system. Another test cast was made in the Bering Sea 
during the transit from Dutch Harbor to the start of leg I of WOCE section P13 
near the Kamchatka Peninsula. Fifty stations followed from the 200-m isobath 
southeastward down the continental slope, across the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, 
then southward at 51.5°N along 165°E to 30°N. Nominal station spacing began at 
30 miles but was increased to 40 miles south of 36°N after a series of delays. 
Concerns over the structural integrity of the R/V Vickers resulted in the 
termination of leg I several days prior to the scheduled date, and an emergency 
steam into Kwajalein. After an extended period of time in port for the 
evaluation and repair of the ship, the section was resumed with leg 2. With the 
time remaining, 33 stations were occupied between 30°N and 5°S along 165°E at 2-
degree spacing north of 40°N with closer spacing south of 4°N and between 19-
22°N. Figure I shows station locations, where leg I stations are indicated by a 
triangle and leg 2 stations are marked by a square. Table I provides a summary 
of cast information.


C.7.2 STANDARDS AND PRE-CRUISE CALIBRATIONS

The Neil Brown Mark IlIb CTD/02 profiler is designed to make precise, high 
resolution measurements of conductivity, temperature, and pressure in the ocean 
environment. Electrical conductivity of sea water is obtained using a miniature 
four electrode ceramic cell and highly precise and stable interface electronics. 
The EG&G conductivity sensor has a range of I to 65 mmho, an accuracy of ±0.005 
mmho, resolution of 0.001 mmho, and stability of 0.003 mmho/month. Temperature 
is determined using a platinum resistance thermometer. The Rosemount platinum 
thermometer has a range of -32° to 32°C, an accuracy of ±0.005 C (-3° to 32°C), 
resolution of 0.0005°C, and stability of 0.001°C/month. Pressure is determined 
using a high performance stainless steel strain gauge pressure transducer. A 
thermistor within the pressure sensor housing corrects pressure values for the 
effects of temperature changes on the sensor itself. The Paine pressure sensor 
has a range of 0 to 6500 db, an accuracy of ±6.5 db, resolution of 0. 1 db, and 
stability of 0. 1 %/month. A Beckman polarographic dissolved oxygen electrode 
measures oxygen current and oxygen temperature. Data from the underwater unit is 
transmitted in real time to a shipboard data terminal through a 3-conductor 
electro-mechanical cable. The data is in TELETYPE (TTY) format and uses a 
frequency shift key (FSK) modulated signal superimposed on the DC power supplied 
to the underwater unit.

Pre-cruise calibrations were done at EG&G Marine Instruments in Cataumet, 
Massachusets (Millard et al., 1990). Temperature calibrations were determined 
using a 20-gallon Tronic Model CTB-1000A temperature bath and Model ATB-1250 
Automatic Thermometer Bridge. Data were collected using a desk top computer at 
0, 15, and 30°C, averaged for I minute at each temperature and a line was fit to 
these values. Conductivity calibrations were performed using four saltwater 
baths at room temperature, each of different salinities resulting in a 
conductivity range from 30 to 60 mmho. A correction was made to take into 
account the difference in thermal coefficient of linear expansion of the alumina 
CTD cell relative to the quartz conductivity cell on the Model CSA-1250 
Conductivity Salinity Adaptor. A line was fit to these values. Pressure 
calibration of the CTD was performed by connecting a stainless steel pipe from 
the dead-weight tester to the CTD pressure port or directly to the pressure 
transducer. Weights were added or removed to generate pressures in ascending and 
descending increments for three calibration cycles. A third order polynomial was 
fit to five pressure values ranging from 0 to 6067 db.

The conductivity sensor usually drifts significantly from pre-cruise 
calibrations with use and is most accurately calibrated using in situ water 
sample salinities. Immediately prior to tripping the rosette, values of 
pressure, temperature, conductivity, oxygen current, and oxygen temperature were 
recorded from the CTD deck unit. These upcast CTD values are usually used for 
comparison with sample salinity values.


C.7.3 DATA ACQUISITION

PMEL's Neil Brown CTD/02 S/N 1111 (sampling rate 31 Hz) and a General Oceanics 
36-bottle rosette were used for the majority of 88 stations. PMEL's Neil Brown 
CTD/02 S/N 1112 (sampling rate 31 Hz) and a General Oceanics 12-bottle rosette 
were used at five stations made during bad weather. Casts were made to within a 
nominal distance of 50 m from the bottom using a Benthos acoustic pinger mounted 
low and opposite the CTD sensor arm on the frame. The position of the package 
relative to the bottom was monitored on the ship's Precision Depth Recorder 
(PDR). A bottom depth was estimated from bathymetric charts and the PDR ran 
throughout the cast. Ten-liter Niskin bottles were used to collect water samples 
on the large package; 4-liter Niskins were used on the bad weather package. 
Samples were drawn for salinity, oxygen, nutrients, CFCs, radiocarbon, helium, 
tritium, total C02, and alkalinity.

The package entered the water and was lowered at a rate of 30 m/min for the 
first 50 m. To reduce the chance of contamination in the bottles, the package 
was not soaked near the surface prior to descent. Speed was increased at 50 in 
to 45 m/min, and increased again at 200 m to 60 m/min. Ship roll sometimes 
caused substantial variation about these mean lowering rates. After retrieval of 
the package, sensors were flushed with fresh water and a plastic cover was 
placed around the sensor arm and filled with fresh water.

A Neil Brown Mark III deck unit received the FSK signal from the CTD and 
displayed pressure, temperature, conductivity, oxygen current, and oxygen 
temperature values. An analog signal was forwarded from the deck unit to an XYY' 
recorder that monitored the data acquisition in real-time for signal spiking and 
problems with the electrical termination. An audio signal was backed up to video 
cassette. Digitized data were forwarded to a 286-AT personal computer equipped 
with EG&G Oceansoft acquisition software version 2.02 and backed up onto 
cartridge tape. Data files were transferred to a microVAX 11 where PMEL's 
standard processing and plotting software were installed. Plots were generated 
after each cast to check for problems and monitor sensor drift. Backups of the 
raw and processed data were made on TK50 cartridge tapes and returned to PMEL.

C.7.3.1 Data Acquisition Problems

A considerable amount of time was lost during the cruise owing to unplanned 
transit time resulting from the premature break of the line at 30°N, steaming to 
resume the line at 28°N, extended port stops, and delays along the cruise track 
because of ship's mechanical problems and bad weather. Additional time was lost 
on station owing to conducting cable and wire termination problems and 
deficiencies in the ship's Precision Depth Recorder (PDR).

Of the 83 stations along the line, during 22 the PDR bottom trace was 
indiscernable or the sweeps were not annotated. For stations 6-50, maximum CTD 
depths plus PDR heights off the bottom were generally greater than the corrected 
PDR depth values by an average of 14 m (s.d. 37 m). For stations 51-68, maximum 
CTD depths plus PDR heights off the bottom were all much less than corrected PDR 
depths by an average of 138 m (s.d. 53 m). For stations 69-88 maximum CTD depths 
plus PDR heights off the bottom were an average of 4 m greater than the 
corrected PDR depths (s.d. 23 m). This behavior may be owing to mis-adjustments 
to the PDR settings.

The newly-designed General Oceanics Model 1016 36-position rosette sampler 
performed relatively well. The sampler provides real-time information on the 
position of the release lever and allows bottles to be closed in any order 
desired. Although a bottle or two sometimes failed to close properly during 
casts owing to sticky release pins on the underwater pylon, these problems could 
normally be diagnosed immediately from information sent from the underwater unit 
to the deck unit. This information gave the CTD operator the option of choosing 
to release another bottle at that depth if desired.

Station 53 was aborted at 2200 db owing to a deteriorating electrical 
termination. Due to an operator oversight, CTD data were lost for this cast and 
the audio backup was unrecoverable. Samples were collected during the upcast, 
however, and a bottle file exists for this station. At station 60, the package 
was put on the bottom. No samples were collected during the upcast.

C.7.3.2 Salinity Analyses

Bottle salinity analyses were performed in a climate-controlled van using two 
Guildline Autosal Model 8400A inductive salinometers and IAPSO Standard Seawater 
from Wormley batch P 114. The commonly accepted precision of the Autosal is 
0.001 psu, with an accuracy of 0.003 psu. The Autosals were standardized before 
each run and either at the end of each run or after no more than 48 samples. The 
drift during each run was monitored and individual samples were corrected for 
the drift during each run by linear interpolation. Bottle salinities were 
compared with computed CTD salinities to identify leaking bottles, as well as to 
monitor the conductivity sensor performance and drift. Calibrated CTD salinities 
replace missing bottle salinities in the hydrographic data listing and are 
indicated by an asterisk. Bad bottle values have not been flagged in this 
report.


C.7.4 POST-CRUISE CALIBRATIONS

Several files were combined to produce the CAL calibration file for each CTD/02 
package:

                  111n_ALL.CAL = raw P, raw T, raw C, OXC, OXT

Bottle salinities were received from D. Greeley in file SAL2_88.DAT. It was 
decided post-cruise to back off any NRCC corrections applied at sea. SAL2_88.DAT 
was broken into 1111_ALL.SAL and 1112_ALL.SAL. Bottle salinities were added to 
CTD/02 data using program ADDSAL:

                111n-ALL.OUT = raw P, raw T, raw C, OXC, OXT, SO

Bottle oxygens were received from K. Hargreaves in file 02_FINAL.DAT. Program 
OXYMLL converted the data from µmol/l to ml/l and output file 02_FINAL.MLL. 
02_FINAL.MLL was broken into 1111_ALL.MLL and 1112_ALL.MLL. Bottle oxygens were 
added to .OUT files using program ADDOXY:

              111n_ALL.FIN = raw P, raw T, raw C, OXC, OXT, SO, 02

Files FIN were edited so records existed for all 36 (or 12) bottles of each cast 
whether samples were collected or not. This was done to account for each bottle 
in the WOCE SEA file. For CTD/02 S/N 1111, 1111_FIN.CAL contained stations 2, 4-
27, 29-42, 47-52, 54-59, 61-88 and therefore ndata = 79 casts*36 bottles = 2844. 
Since there were no CTD/02 data for station 53 owing to operator error, but its 
bottle data needed to be accounted for, CAST53.CAL was carried through the 
conductivity calibration scheme independently. The CTD values listed in 
CG192BO53.BOT file are from the upcast. For CTD/02 S/N 1112, 1112_FIN.CAL 
contained casts 3, 28, 43-46 and therefore ndata = 6 casts* 12 bottles = 72.

C.7.4.1 Pressure

Program PBIAS was introduced into the calibration stream to correct for the 
pressure hysteresis between up and down pressure calibrations following Millard 
and Yang (199 3). PBIAS reads CALIB.DAT for calibration coefficients and 
CGC92.HDR for maximum cast pressure and computes a corrected P using the 
following equation:

                             P = P(up)*(I-W)+P(dn)*W
                          W = exp(-(P(bottom)-P(dn))/Z

where P is the derived uptrace pressure, P(up) is the pressure value scaled with 
the uptrace calibration polynomial, P(dn) is the pressure value scaled with the 
downtrace calibration polynomial, P(bottom) is the maximum pressure of the 
station, and Z is 300 db. PBIAS writes:

          111n_PCOR.CAL = raw P, cal P, raw T, raw C, OXC, OXT, SO, 02

For CTD/02 S/N 1111, uptrace and downtrace scaling coefficients were the 
averages of pre(EG&G) and post-cruise (NW Regional Calibration Center, NRCC) 
pressure calibrations and were applied as follows in program PBIAS:

                    P = E + D * PRAW + C * PRAW2 + B * PRAW3

where

                          E        D          C              B
            P(DOWN):  -2.0048  .9968708  0.159752E-5  -0.1804412E-09
            P(UP):    -2.6546  .9938283  0.281344E-5  -0.2951405E-09

The differences between pre- and post-cruise pressure calibrations were 4-6 db, 
mostly a bias. Program MATCH searched downtrace CTD files output from EPCTD92 
and matched PBIAS calibrated uptrace pressures with DLAGAVZ calibrated downtrace 
pressures (no pressure calibration was applied in EPCTD92). Downtrace values 
replaced uptrace values for pressure (as well as temperature and conductivity) 
in the CAL and subsequent bottle files.  

PBIAS was not used with CTD/02 S/N 1112 data because the up and down pressure 
calibration coefficients from EG&G in June of 1992 were very similar. Up and 
down pressure values for CTD/02 S/N 1112 were scaled with pre-cruise (EG&G) 
coefficients in program CALMSTRW for uptrace data and DLAGAVZ for downtrace 
data. No additional pressure calibrations were applied in EPCTDW.

                              E         D         C              B
        P(DOWN) = P(UP):  -0.18188  .9955384  0.194715E-5  -0.2006194E-09

C.7.4.2 Temperature

Final temperature calibrations for CTD/02 S/N 1111 were the averages of pre- 
(EG&G) and post-cruise (NRCC) coefficients and applied in DLAGAVZ as follows:

                                  T = E+D*TRAW

where E = -0.0022 and D = 0.9999610. The differences between pre- and post-
cruise temperature calibrations were 0.3 WC at O°C and 0.7 m°C at 30°C. No 
additional calibrations were applied in EPCTD92 and it was these downtrace 
temperature values that replaced uptrace temperature values in the CAL and 
subsequent bottle files.

Final temperature calibrations for CTD/02 S/N 1112 were pre-cruise (EG&G) 
coefficients, E = -0.00027 and D = 1.0000130, applied to uptrace data in 
CALMSTRW and downtrace data in DLAGAVZ. No additional temperature calibrations 
were applied in EPCTDW.

C.7.4.3 Conductivity

Because standard calibration strategies did not produce good results for CTD/02 
S/N 1111, downtrace CTD conductivities were used for the calibration to water 
sample data. Program MATCH read _PCOR.CAL and EPCTD92 CTD files (raw, lagged, 
cell corrected conductivity) and matched up/down pressures. It then used 
downtrace calibrated P, calibrated T, and raw, lagged, cell corrected C to 
replace uptrace values in a _DOWN.CAL file:

          1111_DOWN.CAL = raw P, cal P, cal T, raw C, OXC, OXT, SO, 02

LINCAL92 reads _DOWN.CAL and computes a linear least squares fit between raw CTD 
conductivity and bottle conductivity. LINCAL92 does not apply P or T 
calibrations and does not correct CTD conductivity for the cell dependence as 
this was already done on downtrace data in EPCTD92.

This cruise was divided into 9 groups and only bottles greater than 1500 db were 
used in the fits for CTD/02 S/N 1111 conductivity:

                                 LEG     BIAS      SLOPE  STD DEV  NPTS
1111AD_DOWN.CAL = stations  6-11  1   0.0316455  0.999069  .0029   35
1111BD_DOWN.CAL = station     12  1  -0.0073853  1.000197  .0028   9
1111CD_DOWN.CAL = stations 13-18  1  -0.1287451  1.003862  .0021   82
1111DD_DOWN.CAL = stations 19-36  1  -0.0424973  1.001208  .0016   239
1111ED_DOWN.CAL = stations 37-42  1  -0.0689275  1.001992  .0020   75
1111FD_DOWN.CAL = stations 47-55  1  -0.0210941  1.000546  .0018   98
1111GD_DOWN.CAL = station     56  2  -0.1231067  1.003531  .0009   13
1111HD_DOWN.CAL = stations 57-74  2  -0.0442417  1.000821  .0021   216
1111ID_DOWN.CAL = stations 75-88  2  -0.0503203  1.000910  .0015   126

Additional conductivity offsets were applied to 15 casts. This was done by 
regridding the poorly calibrated cast and an adjacent well calibrated cast 
according to potential temperature using EPIC (Soreide et al., 1995) utility 
CTDGRID with the AKIMA (shape-preserving) cubic spline option. The range of 
potential temperature varied between pairs of casts but was usually the deepest 
common increment of 0.2°C. The grid size was 0.01°C. The mean difference in 
salinity between casts was computed using interactive program CTDDIFF. Then for 
each regridded scan of the poorly calibrated cast, a new conductivity was 
calculated using the value of salinity plus delta-salinity. The differences 
between the old and new conductivities were averaged using interactive program 
COMPUTE and added to the conductivity calibration bias applied:

                 POOR  GOOD   MEAN     MEAN           THETA
                 CAST  CAST  DELTA-S  DELTA-C  NAVG   RANGE
                 ---------------------------------------------
                  9     10   .0048    .0033     10  1.50-1.70
                 14     16  -.0035   -.0029     12  1.13-1.28
                 15     16  -.0037   -.0030     12  1.13-1.28
                 18     19   .0013    .0011      7  1.10-1.20
                 24     23  -.0044   -.0036     12  1.10-1.25
                 54     55  -.0013   -.0011     18  1.05-1.25
                 57     59   .0014    .0012     17  1.00-1.20
                 58     59   .0022    .0018     17  1.00-1.20
                 61     59  -.0019   -.0015     14  1.00-1.20
                 64     55  -.0020   -.0016     15  1.05-1.25
                 65     55  -.0028   -.0023     18  1.05-1.25
                 68     67  -.0037   -.0030     13  1.12-1.28
                 73     75  -.0019   -.0016     18  1.07-1.27
                 74     75  -.0018   -.0015     18  1.07-1.27
                 84     82  -.0232   -.0189     17  1.39-1.59
       
CALMSTR92 reads _DOWN.CAL and the best fit conductivity coefficients from a 
command file. CALMSTR92 does not apply P or T calibrations and does not correct 
CTD conductivity for cell dependence as this was already done on downtrace data 
in EPCTD92. CALMSTR92 applies the computed conductivity calibrations and writes 
_DOWN.CLB and _DOWN.SEA (bottle data listing in WOCE format).

           1111_DOWN.CLB = cal P, cal T, cal C, sal, SO, oxy, 02 etc.

CALMSTR92 computes CTD oxygen and applies oxygen calibration coefficients read 
from the .CAL file header (originally from CALIBO.DAT). EPICBOMSTRW reads CLB 
files and creates EPIC BOT bottle files:

       CG092Bnnn.BOT = cal P, cal T, theta, SO, 02, sigma-t, sigma-theta

CTD-bottle conductivity differences used for the final fits are plotted against 
cast number to show the stability of the calibrated CTD conductivities relative 
to the bottle conductivities (Fig. 2 upper panel). The entire set of CTD-bottle 
conductivity differences are plotted against pressure to show the tight fit 
below 1000 m and the increasing scatter above 1000 in (Fig. 2 lower panel).

C.7.4.4 Oxygen

OXDWN2W reads _PCOR.CAL header for oxygen, pressure, and temperature calibration 
coefficients. These values must be the same as those applied to downtrace data 
in DLAGAVZ (i.e., CALIB.DAT). OXDWN2W reads _PCOR.CAL cast by cast and creates 
pressure, temperature, and bottle oxygen arrays. Pressure calibrations were not 
applied to CTD/02 S/N 1111 data as this was done by program PBIAS. Calibrations 
were however applied to temperature. OXDWN2W then reads an ASCII CTD file output 
from DLAGAVZ and searches it for matching up/down temperatures that must be 
within a pressure range of ±30 db to be used in the calibration. OXDWN2W 
replaces uptrace CTD P, T, OXC and OXT values with downtrace CTD P, T, OXC and 
OXT values. CTD oxygen is then computed using pre-cruise calibration 
coefficients from CAL header and written to the .CLO file:

            1111_DOWN.CLO = cal P, cal T, OXC, OXT, bottle 02, CTD 02

Program WEIGHT was written to duplicate scans in the .CLO file where pressure 
was greater than 1000 db in an attempt to fit a balanced distribution of shallow 
and deep samples.

POXFITW reads .CLO and first omits scans where 1) the Weiss oxygen saturation 
value computed in OXDWN2W exceeds 10.0 ml/l, 2) bottle oxygen exceeds 1.2 times 
the Weiss oxygen saturation value, or 3) bottle oxygen is less than a minimum of 
.001 ml/l. POXFITW then determines CTD oxygen calibration coefficients by 
calculating a non-linear least-squares fit with 6 varying parameters: oxygen 
current slope, oxygen current bias, pressure correction, temperature correction, 
internal/external temperature weighting, and oxygen lag. Scans for which the 
difference in CTD and bottle oxygen is greater than 2.8 times the standard 
deviation are discarded and the function is minimized again. Iterations continue 
until no scans are thrown out. POXFITW writes an .REJ file of scans not used in 
the final fit and .PAR:

         1111_DOWN.PAR = BOCI SOC, PCOR, TCOR, WT, OXLAG, STD DEV, NFIT

This cruise was divided into 8 groups and bottles greater than 1000 db were 
duplicated for CTD/02 S/N 1111 oxygen:

  CASTS 5-7,    3 CASTS STD DEV=0.66592E-01  NSCANS 50  DOX=0.186
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    -0.008  3.526  0.1689E-03  -0.8151E-01  0.4738E+00  0.1216E+02
  CASTS 8-22,  15 CASTS STD DEV=0.46418E-01  NSCANS 480 DOX=O.130
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    0.010   3.373  0.1516E-03  -0.4973E-01  0.749 1 E+00  0.1263E+02
  CASTS 23-27,  5 CASTS STD DEV=0.34275E-01  NSCANS 133 DOX=0.096
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    0.016   3.439  0.1406E-03  -0.5283E-01  0.8348E+00  0.4187E+01
  CASTS 29-36,  8 CASTS STD DEV=0.51974E-01  NSCANS 228 DOX=O.146
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    0.012   3.269  0.1537E-03  -0.4090E-0I  0.9113E+00  0.2319E+00
  CASTS 37-42,  6 CASTS STD DEV=0.57043E-01  NSCANS 171 DOX=O.160
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    0.010   3.166  0.1595E-03  -0.3693E-01  0.6870E+00  0.8168E+01
  CASTS 47-59, 12 CASTS STD DEV=0.97325E-01  NSCANS 375 DOX=0.273
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    0.015   2.990  0.1643E-03  -0.3174E-01  0.7699E+00  0.3878E+00
  CASTS 61-69,  9 CASTS STD DEV=0.48878E-01  NSCANS 302 DOX=0.137
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    0.008   3.217  0.1594E-03  -0.3405E-01  0.7525E+00  0.2933E+00
  CASTS 70-88, 19 CASTS STD DEV=0.46279E-01  NSCANS 626 DOX=O.130
     BIAS   SLOPE     PCOR         TCOR         WT        OXLAG
    0.022   3.049  0.1650E-03  -0.3157E-01  0.6893E+00  0.5506E+00

CALOX2W reads .CLO and .PAR and applies the oxygen calibration coefficients. 
CALOX2W writes _PLOT.CLO for use with DOXW.PPC to verify the success of the 
calibration:

          1111_PLOT.CLO = cal P, cal T, OXC, OXT, bottle 02,cal CTD 02

Final oxygen calibration coefficients were included in EPCTD92 command files for 
downtrace data. Oxygen spikes were individually removed from many traces using 
EPIC utility CTDINTERP.

CTDOXY was not included in the WOCE SEA file; only bottle oxygen data in 
µmol/kg. Program ADDTMP added oxygen pickling temperatures to the CAL file. 
CALMSTRW_02 was modified to 1) read the pickling temperatures as well, 2) if 
there was no pickling temperature, use potential temperature, 3) compute sigma 
using function SVAN (CTD salinity, pickling temperature, 0, sigma), 4) convert 
sigma to density: sigma/1000+1, and 5) convert bottle oxygens in ml/l to µmol/kg 
according to WOCE Hydrographic Operations and Methods (July 1991) section 3.3 
Conversion of Volumetric to Weight Concentrations:

               02 (µmol/kg-sw) = 44.660 * 02 (ml/l) / density sw

where the value 44.660 equals (1000/molar volume of oxygen gas at STP). 
Downtrace CTD oxygens are recorded in ml/l.


C.7.5 POST-CRUISE PROCESSING

               VIOODnnn.EDT = raw P, raw T, raw C, sign, OXC, OXT

DPDNZ reads EDT and computes a running fall rate over ±30 scans. DPDNZ writes 
RECZ for record range and. DPZ:

            VIOODnnn.DPZ = raw P, raw T, raw C, sign, OXC, OXT, dpdn

DLAGAVZ reads DPZ and applies calibrations read from CALIB.DAT:

  1111 6 380
  -2.0048    .9968708  0.159752E-5  -0.1804412E-09  P  DN  AVG 93
  -2.6546    .9938283  0.281344E-5  -0.2951405E-09  P  UP  AVG 93
  -0.0022    .9999610  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOOE-10  T  68  AVG 93
  -0.0107   1.0002100  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOOE-10  C      JUN 92
  1112 6 380
  -0.18188   .9955384  0.194715E-5  -0.2006194E-09  P  DN  JUN 92
  -0.18188   .9955384  0.194715E-5  -0.2006194E-09  P  UP  JUN 92
  -0.00027  1.0000130  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOOE-10  T  68  JUN 92
  -0.00036  1.0000150  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOOE-10  C      JUN 92
  1114 6 380
  20.44148   .9949346  0.120144E-5  -0.828378E-10   P  DN  NOV 90
  17.88878   .9924060  0.24011OE-5  -0.201636E-09   P  UP  NOV 90
  -0.00102   .9998243  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOE-10   T  68  NOV 90
  -0.00309   .9998623  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOE-10   C      NOV 90

For this cruise, post-cruise pressure and temperature calibration coefficients 
were the averages of pre- (EG&G) and post-cruise (NRCC) values for CTD/02 S/N 
1111.

  1111 6 380 EG&G
  -0.0329    .9971750  0.155581E-5  -0.1791408E-09  P  DN  JUN 92
  -0.1008    .9943933  0.259377E-5  -0.2747487E-09  P  UP  JUN 92
  -0.0006   1.0000170  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOOE-10  T  68  JUN 92
  1111 6 380 NRCC
  -3.9767    .9965666  0.163923E-5  -0.1817416E-09  P  DN  FEB 93
  -5.2083    .9932633  0.303312E-5  -0.3155322E-09  P  UP  FEB 93
  -0.0039    .9999050  O.OOOOOOE-6   O.OOOOOOOE-10  T  68  FEB 93

Conductivity coefficients applied in DLAGAVZ were pre-cruise. DLAGAVZ also lags 
conductivty as follows:

    DO 150 I=1,60
    XDATA(I,3)=(l-A)*XDATA(I,3)+A*Y(3)
  150 Y(3)=XDATA(I,3)

where XDATA(I,3) is calibrated conductivity and A=0.87. Pre-cruise calibrations 
are then backed off for raw, lagged conductivity. DLAGAVZ writes an ASCILCTD 
file:

               CGOnnn.CTD = cal P, cal T, OXC, OXT, raw, lagged C

EPCTDW reads the ASCII .CTD and looks to its command file for additional 
calibrations to apply to P (none), T (none), and C (from LINCALW). EPCTDW 
corrects conductivity for cell material (alumina) deformation dependence on P 
and T as follows:

           CC = CR *(1-alpha* (DATA(2,L)-15.)+beta *(DATA (I,L)/3.))

where DATA(1,L) is pressure, DATA(2,L) is temperature, alpha = 6.5E-06 and beta 
= 1.5E-08. EPCTDW also reads default oxygen coefficients from its command file. 
EPCTDW writes EPIC .CTD:

         CG092Cnnn.CTD = cal P, cal T, raw, lagged, corrected C, cal 0

EPCTD92 reads ASCII .CTD and looks to an EPCTD92 command file for additional 
calibrations to apply to P (none), T (none), C (from LINCAL92), and O (from 
POXFITW). EPCTD92 corrects conductivity for the cell's dependence on P and T as 
follows:

          CC = CR* (I -alpha* (DATA(2,L)-2.8)+beta* (DATA(l,L)-3000.)

where DATA(1,L) is pressure, DATA(2,L) is temperature, alpha = 6.5E-06 and beta 
= -1.3E-07. EPCTD92 writes to EPIC .CTD:

                   CG092Cnnn.CTD = cal P, cal T, cal C, cal 0

EPCTD92 CTD files were searched by conductivity calibration program MATCH for 
downtrace P, T, and C values at matching uptrace T values within a matching 
pressure range of ±30 db. Note that station 40 CTD downtrace is missing 0-29 db 
and station 88 is missing 0-55 db. Therefore 5 bottle stops had no match.

A few casts used a modified version of EPCTD92 where the beta term differed from 
the majority. For cast 12, EPCTD92_12 used beta = -1.OE-07. For cast 56, 
EPCTD92_56 used beta = -1.7E-07. And for cast 84, EPCTD92_84 used beta = 1OE-07. 
Also, casts 2, 4, and 5 used EPCTDW with the old cell correction algorithm and 
normal beta term.

Salinity and other standard variables were computed and the final EPIC CTD files 
were added to PMEL's data base and used to produce data report plots and 
listings. The station depth given in an EPIC header is the corrected PDR bottom 
depth when available. The nominal sound speed of the pinger was 1463 m/s and had 
to be corrected to 1500 m/s post-cruise according to Matthews' Tables (Carter, 
1980). PDR depths were then corrected for regional variations in sound speed 
according to Matthews' Tables. The depth scale for fathometer in meters used was 
I fathom = 1.8288 meters.


C.7.6. DATA PRESENTATION

The final calibrated data in EPIC format were used to produce the plots and 
listings which follow. The majority of the plots were produced using Plot Plus 
Scientific Graphics System (Denbo, 1992). Tables 2-6 define the abbreviations 
and units used in the CTD/02 data summary listings. Vertical sections of 
potential temperature, salinity, and CTD oxygen are contoured with pressure as 
the vertical axis and latitude as the horizontal axis (Figs. 3-5). Nominal 
vertical exaggerations are 500:1 below 1000 db (lower panels) and 1250:1 above 
1000 db (upper panels). Plots and summary listings of the CTD/02 data follow for 
each cast. All sample salinity and oxygen values are given including bad values, 
which are not flagged in this report. Hydrographic bottle data at discrete 
depths are listed in the final section.



C.7.8. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The assistance of the officers and crew of the USC ship John Vickers is 
gratefully acknowledged. Funds for the CTD/O2 program were provided to PMEL by 
the Climate and Global Change program under NOAA's Office of Global Programs.



C.7.9.  REFERENCES

Carter, D.J.T. (1980): Echo-Sounding Correction Tables: Formerly Matthews' 
   Tables. Hydrographic Department, Ministry of Defence, Taunton.
Denbo, D.W. (1992): PPLUS Graphics, P. Box 4, Sequim, WA, 98382.
Joyce, T. (Editor) 1991. WOCE Operations Manual, Sections Titled: Conversion of 
   Volumetric to Weight Concentrations, WHPO 91-1.
Millard, R.C., B.J. Lake, N.L. Brown, J.M. Toole, D. Schaaf, K. Yang, H. Yu, and 
   L. Zhao (1990): US/PRC CTD Intercalibration Report 1986-1990. Woods Hole 
   Oceanographic Institution Technical Report No. WHOI-90-53, 17-18.
Millard, R. and K. Yang (1993): CTD Calibration and Processing Methods used at 
   Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Draft.
Soreide, N.N., M.L. Schall, W.H. Zhu, D.W. Denbo and D.C. McClurg (1995): EPIC: 
   An Oceanographic Data Management, Display and Analysis System. 11th 
   International Conference on Interactive Processing Systems for Meteorology, 
   Oceanography, and Hydrology, January 15-20, 1995, Dallas, TX (in press).


C.7.10 FIGURE LEGENDS

          All Figures available in the PDF version of this report

Figure 1. CTD station locations made on the R/V Vickers from 7 August to 17 
          October, 1992.

Figure 2. Calibrated CTD-bottle conductivity (mmho/cm) differences plotted 
          against cast number (upper panel). Calibrated CTD-bottle conductivity 
          (mmho/cm) differences plotted against pressure (lower panel).

Figure 3. Potential temperature (°C) section along 165°E. Contour intervals are 
          0.2°C from 0-3°C, 0.5°C from 3-5°C, and I'C from 5-35°C in the upper 
          panel. Contour intervals are 0. 1 °C from 0-2°C, 0.2°C from 2-3°C, 
          0.5°C from 3-5°C in the lower panel.

Figure 4. Salinity (psu) section along 165°E. Contour intervals are 0.1 psu from 
          34.0-34.5 psu, 0.05 psu from 34.5-34.6 psu, and 0.1 psu from 34.6-37.0 
          psu in the upper panel. Contour intervals are 0. 1 psu from 34.0-34.5 
          psu, 0.05 psu from 34.5-34.6 psu, and 0.0 1 psu from 34.6-34.8 psu in 
          the lower panel.

Figure 5. CTD oxygen (ml/l) section along 165°E. Contour intervals are 0.5 ml/l 
          in the upper panel and 0.2 ml/l in the lower panel.


C.7.11 TABLES

Table 1. CTD cast summary.

STN CAST LATITUDE  LONGITUDE   DATE    TIME W/D W/S   DEPTH*  SST  CAST
 #   #                                       T (kts)   (m)    (C)  (db)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
 1   1  36 37.8N  123 13.5W   7 AUG 92   442  323  18  3250  16.2  1997
 2   2  38  4.7N  124 49.9W   7 AUG 92  2207  295  15  3805  16.9  3503
 3   3  41 25.7N  128 52.2W   8 AUG 92  2332  313  10  3154  18.7  2500
 4   4  49 59.ON  144 59.OW  11 AUG 92  2218  222  14  4165  13.0  4288
 5   5  54 14.7N  171 44.6W  17 AUG 92  2024  142  30  3234   8.2  3309
 6   6  54 14.7N  161  6.OE  21 AUG 92   640  322  17         9.5   202
 7   7  54 13.1N  161  8.OE  21 AUG 92   827  573             9.2   504
 8   8  54  7.7N  161  9.8E  21 AUG 92  1114  296  22         8.7  1817
 9   9  54  2.6N  161 22.OE  21 AUG 92  1531  297  14         9.3  2600
10  10  53 33.4N  162  3.7E  21 AUG 92  2250  225   5  3450  10.2  3529
11  11  53 29.ON  162 10.4E  22 AUG 92   443  160   3        10.3  4704
12  12  53 26.5N  162 22.4E  23 AUG 92    39  222  14        10.6  4777
13  13  53  1.2N  162 53.8E  23 AUG 92   931  250  16        10.2  5949
14  14  52 31.3N  163 35.2E  23 AUG 92  1940  236  30  5190  10.0  5252
15  15  52  0.9N  164 17.3E  24 AUG 92   833  231  20  4913   9.9  5004
16  16  51 29.7N  164 59.1E  24 AUG 92  1828  234  19         9.6  4858
17  17  50 59.1N  164 57.7E  25 AUG 92   205  336  16  4845   9.5  4782
18  18  50 30.8N  164 57.2E  25 AUG 92   942  276  16  5597   9.8  5670
19  19  49 59.1N  165  0.1E  25 AUG 92  1738  310  13  5515   9.5  5581
20  20  49 30.1N  165  0.7E  26 AUG 92   102  347   6  5515   9.9  5619
21  21  48 59.6N  164 58.2E  26 AUG 92   853  252   2  5500  10.1  5669
22  22  48 29.9N  165  1.OE  26 AUG 92  1627  280   7  5873  10.4  5949
23  23  47 59.4N  165  0.1E  26 AUG 92  2356  288   9  5850  10.7  5949
24  24  47 30.1N  165  0.2E  27 AUG 92   740  260  15  5905  10.8  5947
25  25  46 59.8N  164 59.2E  27 AUG 92  1520  289  15  5873  11.7  5949
26  26  46 30.ON  165  1.1E  27 AUG 92  2247  295  17  5832  12.4  5947
27  27  46  0.2N  165  O.OE  28 AUG 92   616  300  10  5782  13.4  5902
28  28  45 29.8N  164 58.7E  28 AUG 92  1641  25    4        13.2  5003
29  29  44 59.4N  164 58.8E  30 AUG 92  1744  280  15  5908  12.9  5950
30  30  44 29.7N  165  0.6E  31 AUG 92   124  250  14  5919  14.1  5948
31  31  44  0.2N  164 57.8E  31 AUG 92   847  251   4  5689  14.0  5803
32  32  43 30.2N  165  1.1E  31 AUG 92  1612  200   8  5564  15.0  5658
33  33  43  0.5N  165  O.OE  31 AUG 92  2322  171  12  5409  15.5  5517
34  34  42 29.9N  164 59.4E   1 SEP 92   611  159  13  5008  15.7  5076
35  35  42  0.7N  165  1.9E   1 SEP 92  1300  180  17  4730  16.8  4922
36  36  41 29.8N  165  0.5E   1 SEP 92  2040  172  22        18.8  4861
37  37  41  1.3N  164 59.4E   2 SEP 92   429  170  22  5287  19.0  5361
38  38  40 30.4N  165  0.6E   2 SEP 92  1323  252  13  5512  19.7  5600
39  39  40  0.9N  165  0.2E   2 SEP 92  2107  104   2  5497  19.5  5576
40  40  39 29.7N  165  1.1E   3 SEP 92   459  285   8  5264  21.4  5325
41  41  39  1.2N  165  1.2E   3 SEP 92  1229  189  12  5449  21.7  5488
42  42  38 28.8N  165  2.4E   3 SEP 92  2023  190  19  4658  22.0  4676
43  43  37 59.4N  165  0.4E   4 SEP 92  1119  196  26        22.0  4702
44  44  37 30.9N  165  1.1E   4 SEP 92  1924  190  20        21.3  3401
45  45  37  0.9N  164 59.9E   5 SEP 92   357  188  17        21.7  4551
46  46  36 31.8N  165  0.4E   5 SEP 92  1307  182  14  5574  22.8  5628
47  47  36  0.8N  165  0.5E   5 SEP 92  2136  232  12  5501  23.2  5594
48  48  35 21.6N  165  0.7E   6 SEP 92   646  148  15        25.3  4710
49  49  34 42.ON  165  3.2E   6 SEP 92  1548  145  20        26.0  5649
50  50  34  2.5N  165  3.2E   7 SEP 92   224  129  15        26.6  5751
51  51  33 22.6N  165  0.9E   7 SEP 92  1454  118  14  6288  26.5  5949
52  52  32 41.9N  165  1.5E   8 SEP 92   153  128  16  6247  26.8  6116
53  53  32  O.ON  165  0.4E   8 SEP 92  1343  109  18        27.2  2196
54  54  31 19.6N  164 59.1E   9 SEP 92  1322   90  17  6053  27.1  5916
55  55  30 41.3N  164 58.5E  10 SEP 92    26   75  22        27.3  5581
56  56  21 58.ON  165  0.6E  30 SEP 92  1259   34  15        27.6  5353
57  57  21 19.2N  165  0.5E  30 SEP 92  2213   20  15  5773  27.6  5690
58  58  20 39.9N  164 59.2E   1 OCT 92   742  313   6  5698  28.5  5633
59  59  19 59.3N  165  0.3E   1 OCT 92  1645  295  15  5491  28.6  5415
60  60  19 18.9N  165  0.4E   2 OCT 92    40                       1670
61  61  19 32.2N  165  2.2E   2 OCT 92  1332  210  20        28.7  4548
62  62  18 39.9N  164 35.9E   2 OCT 92  2329  209  15  5403  28.8  5150
63  63  24  2.6N  164 59.1E   4 OCT 92   811  155  20        27.1  5705
64  64  26  1.7N  165  3.9E   5 OCT 92   502  155  18        26.4  4402
65  65  28  2.ON  165  O.OE   5 OCT 92  2159  153  21  5925  26.1  5544
66  66  16  0.5N  164 59.5E   8 OCT 92  1448   82  24  5388  28.6  5112
67  67  14  0.5N  164 59.4E   9 OCT 92   700  160  18  5477  28.9  5317
68  68  12 35.3N  165 22.OE   9 OCT 92  2329   88  27  5024  28.9  4758
69  69  10  0.5N  165  0.1E  10 OCT 92  2001  185  16  5106  29.2  5139
70  70   8  0.2N  165  0.3E  11 OCT 92  1050  180   7  5229  29.6  5262
71  71   6  0.2N  165  1.1E  12 OCT 92   126   45   5  5005  29.9  4939
72  72   4  0.1N  165  0.3E  12 OCT 92  1502   95  10  4480        4486
73  73   3  0.1N  164 59.6E  12 OCT 92  2349  100  14  4228  29.8  4279
74  74   1 59.8N  164 59.4E  13 OCT 92   807   80  10  4173  30.0  4225
75  75   1 30.2N  164 59.2E  13 OCT 92  1451   65  10  4264        4308
76  76   1  O.ON  164 59.2E  13 OCT 92  2102   80   7  4326  30.2  4377
77  77   0 30.3N  164 59.OE  14 OCT 92   330   95   6  4366  30.5  4423
78  78   0  1.4N  164 54.4E  14 OCT 92  1605  300   7  4315  30.1  4431
79  79   0 29.9S  164 59.9E  14 OCT 92  2150  261  10  4424  29.9  4483
80  80   0 59.5S  164 59.6E  15 OCT 92   410  174  12  4430  30.2  4487
81  81   1 29.9S  164 59.2E  15 OCT 92  1054  210  10  4454  30.1  4501
82  82   1 59.8S  164 55.5E  15 OCT 92  1716  200  16  4479  30.5  4519
83  83   2 47.8S  164 54.8E  16 OCT 92   137  132  15  3329  30.1  3277
84  84   3 11.4S  164 43.6E  16 OCT 92   725  161  14  3728  30.2  3782
85  85   3 34.3S  164 32.4E  16 OCT 92  1306   30  17  3292  30.2  3320
86  86   3 58.5S  164 21.5E  16 OCT 92  1752   20  15  2195  30.2  2225
87  87   4 21.6S  164 10.4E  16 OCT 92  2231   46  14  2372  30.1  2392
88  88   4 44.9S  164  0.2E  17 OCT 92   312  152  11  1834  29.9  1836

For stations 51 through 68, bottom depths are suspected to be deep by an average 
of 138 m owing to PDR problems (see text).


TABLE 2. Weather condition code used to describe each set of CTD measurements.

Code  Weather Condition
--------------------------------------------
  0   Clear (no cloud)
  I   Partly cloudy
  2   Continuous layer(s) of cloud(s)
  3   Sandstorm, dust storm, or blowing snow
  4   Fog, thick dust or haze
  5   Drizzle
  6   Rain
  7   Snow, or rain and snow mixed
  8   Shower(s)
  9   Thunderstorms


TABLE 3. Sea state code used to describe each set of CTD measurements.

Code  Height (meters)  Description
-------------------------------------
  0   0                Calm-glassy
  1   0-0.1            Calm-rippled
  2   0.1-0.5          Smooth-wavelet
  3   0.5-1.25         Slight
  4   1.25-2.5         Moderate
  5   2.5-4            Rough
  6   4-6              Very rough
  7   6-9              High
  8   9-14             Very high
  9   >14              Phenomenal


TABLE 4. Visibility code used to describe each set of CTD measurements.

Code  Visibility
----------------------
  0   <50 meters
  1   50-200 meters
  2   200-500 meters
  3   500-1,000 meters
  4   1-2 km
  5   2-4 km
  6   4-10 km
  7   10-20 km
  8   20-50 km
  9   50 km or more


TABLE 5. Cloud type.

Code  Cloud Types
------------------------
  0   Cirrus
  I   Cirrocumulus
  2   Cirrostratus
  3   Altocumulus
  4   Altostratus
  5   Nimbostratus
  6   Stratocumulus
  7   Stratus
  8   Cumulus
  9   Cumulonimbus
  X   Clouds not visible


TABLE 6. Cloud amount.

Code  Cloud Amount
------------------------------------
  0   0
  1   1/10 or less but not zero
  2   2/10-3/10
  3   4/10
  4   5/10
  5   6/10
  6   7/10-8/10
  7   9/10
  8   10/10
  9   Sky obscured or not determined



D.  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Funds for shiptime and measurement programs were supplied by NOAA's Climate and 
Global Change Program (NOAA-C&GC). Funds for the nutrient measurement program 
was supplied by the US National Science Foundation and NOAA-C&GC.



E.  REFERENCES

Bullister, J.L. and R.F. Weiss,  Determination of CCl3F and CCl2F2 in
     seawater and air. Deep-Sea Research, 35 (5), 839-853, 1988.

Culberson, C.H., "Dissolved Oxygen", WHP Operations and Methods, WHP 
     Office Report WHPO 91-1, July 1992.

Carpenter, J.H., (1965) "The Chesapeake Bay Institute technique for the Winkler 
     dissolved oxygen method", Limnology and Oceanography, vol. 10, pp.
     141-143. 

Friederich, G.E., Codispoti, L.A., and Sakamoto, C.M., "An Easy-to-Construct
     Automated Winkler Titration System", MBARI Technical Report 91-6,
     August 1991. 

Press, W.H., Flannery, B.P., Teukolsky, S.A., and Vetterling, W.T., 
     Numerical Recipes in C, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988.
 
Unesco, 1983. International Oceanographic tables. Unesco Technical Papers in 
     Marine Science, No. 44.

Unesco, 1991. Processing of Oceanographic Station Data. Unesco memorgraph
     By JPOTS editorial panel.

Warner, M. W., J.L. Bullister, D.P. Wisegarver, R.H. Gammon and R.F. Weiss, 
     Basin wide Distributions of Chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11 and CFC-12 in the 
     North Pacific: 1985-1989, (submitted to J. Geophysical Research)



F. WHPO SUMMARY

Several data files are associated with this report.  They are the 
   3220CGC92_0.sum, 3220CGC92_1.sum, and 3220CGC92_2.sum, 
   3220CGC92_0.hyd, 3220CGC92_1.hyd, and 3220CGC92_2.hyd, 
   3220CGC92_0.csl, 3220CGC92_1.csl, and 3220CGC92_2.csl and *.wct files. 

The *.sum file contains a summary of the location, time, type of parameters 
sampled, and other pertinent information regarding each hydrographic station. 
The *.hyd file contains the bottle data. The *.wct files are the ctd data for 
each station. The *.wct files are zipped into one file called 
3220CGC92_0wct.zip, 3220CGC92_1wct.zip, and 3220CGC92_2wct.zip. The *.csl file 
is a listing of ctd and calculated values at standard levels.

The following is a description of how the standard levels and calculated values 
were derived for the *.csl file:

Salinity, Temperature and Pressure: These three values were smoothed from the 
individual CTD files over the N uniformly increasing pressure levels. using the 
following binomial filter-

             t(j) = 0.25ti(j-1) + 0.5ti(j) + 0.25ti(j+1) j=2....N-1

When a pressure level is represented in the *.csl file that is not contained 
within the ctd values, the value was linearly interpolated to the desired level 
after applying the binomial filtering.  

Sigma-theta(SIG-TH:KG/M3), Sigma-2 (SIG-2: KG/M3), and Sigma-4(SIG-4: KG/M3): 
These values are calculated using the practical salinity scale (PSS-78) and the 
international equation of state for seawater (EOS-80) as described in the Unesco 
publication 44 at reference pressures of the surface for SIG-TH; 2000 dbars for 
Sigma-2; and 4000 dbars for Sigma-4.

Gradient Potential Temperature (GRD-PT: C/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least 
squares slope between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the 
interval. The interval being the smallest of the two differences between the 
standard level and the two closest values. The slope is first determined using 
CTD temperature and then the adiabatic lapse rate is subtracted to obtain the 
gradient potential temperature. Equations and Fortran routines are described in 
Unesco publication 44.

Gradient Salinity (GRD-S: 1/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least squares slope 
between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the standard level 
and the two closes values. Equations and Fortran routines are described in 
Unesco publication 44.

Potential Vorticity (POT-V: 1/ms 10-11) is calculated as the vertical component 
ignoring contributions due to relative vorticity, i.e. pv=fN2/g, where f is the 
coriolis parameter, N is the buoyancy frequency (data expressed as radius/sec), 
and g is the local acceleration of gravity. 

Buoyancy Frequency (B-V: cph) is calculated using the adiabatic leveling method, 
Fofonoff (1985) and Millard, Owens and Fofonoff (1990). Equations and Fortran 
routines are described in Unesco publication 44.

Potential Energy (PE: J/M2: 10-5) and Dynamic Height (DYN-HT: M) are calculated 
by integrating from 0 to the level of interest. Equations and Fortran routines 
are described in Unesco publication 44.

Neutral Density (GAMMA-N: KG/M3) is calculated with the program GAMMA-N (Jackett 
and McDougall) version 1.3 Nov. 94.  



G.   DATA QUALITY EVALUATION

G.1  AMS 14C DQE
     (Robert M. Key and Paul D. Quay)
     1997 JUN 01

G.1.1.0  General Information

WOCE cruise P13N was s carried out aboard the R/V John Vickers in the 
northwestern Pacific Ocean. The WHPO designation for this cruise was 3220CGC92. 
John Bullister and John Taft, both of NOAA-PMEL were the chief scientists for 
leg 1 and leg 2, respectively. Leg 1 departed Dutch Harbor, Alaska on August 16, 
1992 and ended on September 15, 1992 at Kwajalein. The second leg departed 
Kwajalein on September 26, 1992 and ended at Noumea, New Caledonia on October 
21, 1992. Together the two legs made a meridional section along 165ƒE from 
approximately 55ƒN to 5ƒS. The reader is referred to cruise documentation 
provided by the chief scientists as the primary source for cruise information. 
This report covers details of the small volume radiocarbon samples. The AMS 
station locations are shown in Figure 1 and summarized in Table 1. A total of 
783 D14C samples were collected including 30 profiles plus additional surface 
water samples.

Figure 1: AMS 14C station locations for WOCE P13N. (please see PDF version
          for all figures)

Table 1: AMS Station Locations

         Station    Date      Latitude   Longitude    Bottom Depth (m)
         -------------------------------------------------------------
            5      8/17/92     54.245     171.744         3269
           14      8/23/92     52.522     163.587         5153
           19      8/25/92     49.985     165.002         5472
           24      8/27/92     47.501     165.003         5827
           29      8/30/92     44.991     164.981         5830
           34       9/1/92     42.499     164.990         4987
           39       9/2/92     40.015     165.003         5470
           47       9/5/92     36.013     165.008         5490
           50       9/7/92     34.042     165.053         6070
           54       9/9/92     31.326     164.984         5847
           56      9/30/92     21.967     165.010         5264
           59      10/1/92     19.988     165.005         5325
           63      10/4/92     24.042     164.985         5403
           64      10/5/92     26.018     165.064         4237
           65      10/5/92     28.034     164.999         5732
           66      10/8/92     16.009     164.992         5224
           67      10/9/92     14.008     164.990         5308
           68      10/9/92     12.590     165.367         4879
           69     10/10/92     10.008     165.002         5059
           70     10/11/92      8.014     165.021         5179
           71     10/12/92      6.003     165.018         4864
           72     10/12/92      4.001     165.005         4425
           73     10/12/92      3.002     164.993         4222
           74     10/13/92      1.996     164.99          4170
           76     10/13/92      1.000     164.987         4316
           78     10/14/92      0.024     164.908         4369
           80     10/15/92     -0.991     164.994         4422
           82     10/15/92     -1.997     164.925         4457
           83     10/16/92     -2.797     164.913         3255
           86     10/16/92     -3.975     164.358         2207


G.1.2.0  Personnel

14C sampling for this cruise was carried out by B. Salem and S. King from U. 
Washington. 14C analyses were performed at the National Ocean Sciences AMS 
Facility (NOSAMS) at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Salinity (D. Greeley) 
and oxygen (K. Hargraves) were analyzed by PMEL and nutrients by U. South 
Florida (E. H. Rutherford). 13C analyses were run in P. Quay's lab (U. 
Washington). Key collected the data from the originators, merged the files, 
assigned quality control flags to the 14C and submitted the data files to the 
WOCE office (5/97). Paul Quay is P.I. for the 13C and 14C data.

G.1.3.0  Results

This 14C data set and any changes or additions supersedes any prior release.

G.1.3.1  Hydrography

Hydrography from this leg has been submitted to the WOCE office by the chief 
scientist and described in the hydrographic report (WHPO, 1996).

G.1.3.2  14C

The D14C values reported here were originally distributed in two data reports 
(NOSAMS, July 31, 1995 & March 3, 1997). Those reports included preliminary 
results which had not been through the WOCE quality control procedures. This 
report supersedes those data distributions.
Almost all of the AMS samples from this cruise have been measured. Replicate 
measurements were made on 14 water samples. These replicate analyses are 
tabulated in Table 2. The table shows the error weighted mean and uncertainty 
for each set of replicates. Uncertainty is defined here as the larger of the 
standard deviation and the error weighted standard deviation of the mean. For 
these replicates, the simple average of the normal standard deviations for the 
replicates is 4.8” (equal weighting for each set regardless of the number of 
replicates in the set). This precision estimate is approximately correct for the 
time frame over which these samples were measured (Jun. 1994 - Aug. 1996). Note 
that the errors given for individual measurements in the final data report (with 
the exception of the replicates) include only counting errors, and errors due to 
blanks and backgrounds. The uncertainty obtained for replicate analyses is an 
estimate of the true error which includes errors due to sample collection, 
sample degassing, etc. For a detailed discussion of this see Key (1996).

Table 2: Summary of Replicate Analyses

               Sta-Cast-Bottle|  D14C  | Err  | E.W.Mean | Uncertainty
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   24-1-22    | -165.9 | 2.7  | -172.3   |     7.8
                              | -177.0 | 2.3  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   34-1-21    | -152.1 | 2.8  | -148.4   |     5.8
                              | -143.9 | 3.1  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   56-1-23    |    4.8 | 3.4  |    0.6   |     5.4
                              |   -2.8 | 3.1| |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   64-1-22    |   42.5 | 4.0  |   45.8   |     2.7
                              |   45.5 | 3.0  |          |
                              |   47.9 | 2.9  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   67-1-23    | -146.7 | 3.0  | -135.5   |    14.6
                              | -126.0 | 2.7  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   71-1-20    | -121.0 | 2.6  | -120.2   |     1.8
                              | -119.3 | 2.6  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   72-1-21    | -115.7 | 2.7  | -112.6   |     6.3
                              | -106.8 | 3.7  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   73-1-18    | -104.1 | 2.8  |  -99.0   |     6.6
                              |  -94.7 | 2.5  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   74-1-22    |  -89.5 | 3.2  |  -90.5   |     2.0
                              |  -91.2 | 2.7  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   76-1-21    |  -75.8 | 2.4  |  -74.4   |     5.6
                              |  -67.9 | 5.3  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   78-1-22    |  -85.7 | 3.2  |  -82.5   |     4.5
                              |  -79.3 | 3.2  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   80-1-22    |  -80.6 | 3.0  |  -80.8   |     2.0
                              |  -81.0 | 2.8  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   82-1-22    |  -86.5 | 3.5  |  -84.1   |     3.8
                              |  -81.1 | 3.8  |          |
               ---------------|--------|------|----------|------------
                   83-1-22    |  -84.2 | 2.4  |  -91.8   |     5.2
                              |  -94.4 | 2.5  |          |
                              |  -92.7 | 3.1  |          |
                              |  -94.0 | 3.3  |          |
                              |  -98.0 | 3.3  |          |
               |

G.1.4.0  Quality Control Flag Assignment

Quality flag values were assigned to all D14C measurements using the code 
defined in Table 0.2 of WHP Office Report WHPO 91-1 Rev. 2 section 4.5.2. 
(Joyce, et al., 1994). Measurement flags values of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 have been 
assigned. The choice between values 2 (good), 3 (questionable) or 4 (bad) 
involves some interpretation. There is little overlap between this data set and 
any existing 14C data, so that type of comparison was difficult. In general the 
lack of other data for comparison led to a more lenient grading on the 14C data. 
When using this data set for scientific application, any 14C datum which is 
flagged with a "3" should be carefully considered. My subjective opinion is that 
any datum flagged "4" should be disregarded. When flagging 14C data, the 
measurement error was taken into consideration. That is, approximately one-third 
of the 14C measurements are expected to deviate from the true value by more than 
the measurement precision (~4.7”). No measured values have been removed from 
this data set, therefore a flag value of 5 implies that the sample was totally 
lost somewhere between collection and analysis or that the measurement has not 
yet been reported. Table 3 summarizes the quality control flags assigned to this 
data set. For a detailed description of the flagging procedure see Key, et al. 
(1996). The number of samples flagged 5 (128) is exceptionally large for this 
cruise. There are a few samples which have not been completed, but the majority 
of these samples were lost in processing with the major factor being breakage of 
the gas ampules during shipment between Seattle and Woods Hole.

Table 3: Summary of Assigned Quality Control Flags

                                  Flag | Number
                                  -----|-------
                                    2  |  619
                                    3  |   17
                                    4  |    5
                                    5  |  128
                                    6  |   14

G.1.5.0  Data Summary

Figures 2-5 summarize the D14C data collected on this leg. Only D14C 
measurements with a quality flag value of 2 ("good") or 6 ("replicate") are 
included in each figure. Figure 2 shows the D14C values with 2s error bars 
plotted as a function of pressure. The mid depth D14C minimum occurs around 2000 
to 2200 meters for this section which is somewhat shallower than for other 
Pacific WOCE data sets reported to date. Figure 3 shows the D14C values plotted 
against silicate.The straight line shown in the figure is the least squares 
regression relationship derived by Broecker et al. (1995) based on the GEOSECS 
global data set. According to their analysis, this line (D14C = -70 - Si) 
represents the relationship between naturally occurring radiocarbon and silicate 
for most of the ocean. They interpret deviations in D14C above this line to be 
due to input of bomb-produced radiocarbon, however, they note that the 
interpretation can be problematic at high latitudes. It is unlikely that the 
points falling above the line with silicate concentrations greater than 100 
mm/kg are elevated due to the addition of bomb-produced D14C. If the GEOSECS 
Pacific data from the same latitude range were added to Figure 3, the points 
would fall within the envelop of the WOCE data. Two trends are evident in 
Figure 3 for silicate concentrations between 25 and 130 mm/kg. The points in the 
upper trend (higher 14C for a given silicate concentration) are from those 
stations which are north of about 25ƒN. The lower trend are from the tropical 
stations. This bimodal distribution is similar to results from other WOCE 
cruises in the North Pacific. The trend for the tropical stations generally 
falls below Broecker's global regression line, but the shape of the trend is 
typical for the Pacific. There is a fairly linear relationship for samples from 
these stations which were collected at depths shallower than the D14C minimum 
and deeper than about 800 meters (silicate > ~50). Samples collected from 
shallower depths at these stations show an upward curving trend with decreasing 
silicate values reflecting the addition of bomb produced 14C. The data from the 
more northern stations, however, shows an atypical linear trend from the D14C 
minimum up to very near the surface. All of these points fall well above the 
global regression line, however, it is unlikely that this is solely due to 
addition of bomb produced 14C.

Figure 2: D14C results for P13N stations shown with 2s error bars.Only those 
          measurements having a quality control flag value of 2 are plotted.

Figure 3: D14C as a function of silicate for P13N AMS samples. The straight line 
          shows the relationship proposed by Broecker, et al., 1995 (D14C = -70 
          - Si with radiocarbon in ” and silicate in mmol/kg).

Another way to visualize the 14C - silicate correlation is as a section. 
Figure 4 shows D14C as contour lines in silicate - latitude space for samples 
collected at depths between 500 and 2200 meters. In this space, shallow waters 
are toward the bottom of the figure. The 500 meter cutoff was selected to 
eliminate those samples having a very large bomb produced 14C component. The 
2200 meter cutoff was selected because this is the approximate depth of the 14C 
minimum and silicate maximum for the western Pacific. For reference the 1000 
meter depth contour is also shown (dashed line). If Broecker's simple 
correlation held throughout this region, then in waters which had no bomb 14C 
component, the D14C contours would be straight horizontal lines. In Figure 4 the 
contour lines are essentially horizontal between the equator and approximately 
15ƒN and again north of approximately 25ƒN, but there is a strong upward slope 
to the contours between 15ƒN and 25ƒN. If we focus, for example, on the D14C = -
200” contour, it changes in silicate space from approximately 100 mmol/kg near 
the equator to approximately 130 mmol/kg at the north end of the section. At the 
far northern end of the section, this contour is somewhat shallower than 1000 
meters, but else where it is deeper, therefore, it is unlikely that there is 
significant bomb 14C contamination with the possible exception of the small 
upward bump in the contour at 45ƒN (full justification of this statement will be 
left to formal publication). The upward shift in the contours is probably due to 
the large addition of silicate in the North Pacific (Talley and Joyce, 1992). 
This "extra" silicate would, in the most simple case, change the intercept term 
in Broecker's relationship.

Figure 4: Section of 14C along latitude in silicate space for the 500-2200m 
          depth range. Note that for this section, "shallow" is toward the 
          bottom. The 1000m depth contour is added for orientation (heavy, 
          dashed line). See text for explanation.

Figure 5 compares the surface D14C values for P13N to those from the 
northwestern (west of the dateline) Pacific GEOSECS data set. The greatest 
change in concentration is in the 10ƒN to 40ƒN latitude range where the D14C 
levels decreased by as much as 75”. The low latitude region shows essentially no 
change since GEOSECS and there is indication that the same may hold true for the 
high latitude region along this section. Figure 6 shows contoured sections of 
the D14C distribution along the cruise track. The "A" portion shows the upper 
kilometer of the section and "B" the remainder of the water column. The data 
were gridded using the "loess" methods described in Chambers et al. (1983), 
Chambers and Hastie (1991), Cleveland (1979) and Cleveland and Devlin (1988). 
Figure 7 shows the same data as Figure 6A except the section is plotted in 
potential density (sq) - latitude space. For this section, the maximum D14C 
concentration was found at the surface except for a few stations near the 
equator which had a weak subsurface maximum around 75 meters. Both Figure 6A and 
Figure 7 clearly indicate those surfaces which are being directly ventilated by 
contact with the surface at the northern end of the section. For this section it 
is quite likely that there is additional ventilation and, therefore, input of 
bomb 14C from the Sea of Okhotsk region.

Figure 5: Surface distribution of D14C along WOCE section P13N. For comparison 
          the GEOSECS data from the northwestern Pacific are also plotted.

Figure 6: D14C sections for WOCE P13N along 165ƒE. The section in shown in two 
          parts to allow more detail. See text for gridding method. The bottom 
          topography in B is taken from cruise data, but only using those 
          stations on which D14C was measured.

Figure 7: D14C along WOCE section P13N plotted in potential density (sq) - 
          latitude space.


G.1.5.1  REFERENCES AND SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION

Broecker, W.S., S. Sutherland and W. Smethie, Oceanic radiocarbon: Separation of 
          the natural and bomb components, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 9(2), 
          263-288, 1995.
Chambers, J.M. and Hastie, T.J., 1991, Statistical Models in S, Wadsworth & 
          Brooks, Cole Computer Science Series, Pacific Grove, CA, 608pp.
Chambers, J.M., Cleveland, W.S., Kleiner, B., and Tukey, P.A., 1983, Graphical 
          Methods for Data Analysis, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA.
Cleveland, W.S., 1979, Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing 
          scatterplots, J. Amer. Statistical Assoc., 74, 829-836.
Cleveland, W.S. and S.J. Devlin, 1988, Locally-weighted regression: An approach 
          to regression analysis by local fitting, J. Am. Statist. Assoc, 
          83:596-610.
Joyce, T., and Corry, C., eds., Corry, C., Dessier, A., Dickson, A., Joyce, T., 
          Kenny, M., Key, R., Legler, D., Millard, R., Onken, R., Saunders, P., 
          Stalcup, M., contrib., Requirements for WOCE Hydrographic Programme 
          Data Reporting, WHPO Pub. 90-1 Rev. 2, 145pp., 1994.
Key, R.M., WOCE Pacific Ocean radiocarbon program, Radiocarbon, 38, in press, 
          1996.
Key, R.M., P.D. Quay and NOSAMS, WOCE AMS Radiocarbon I: Pacific Ocean results; 
          P6, P16 & P17, Radiocarbon, 38, in press, 1996.
NOSAMS, National Ocean Sciences AMS Facility Data Report #95-066, Woods Hole 
          Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, 1995.
NOSAMS, National Ocean Sciences AMS Facility Data Report #97-023, Woods Hole 
          Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, 1997.
Talley, L.D. and T.M. Joyce, The double silica maximum in the North Pacific, J. 
          Geophys. Res., 97, 5465-5480, 1992.
WHPO, Data report for Cruise P13, WOCE Hydrographic Programme Office, Pub. 
          WHPO1996-11.1, 18pp, June, 1996.



G.2  COMMENTS ON DQ EVALUATION OF WOCE P13 CTD DATA.
     (Michio AOYAMA)
     24 May 1996

GENERAL:

The data quality of WOCE P13 CTD data (EXPOCODE: 3220CGC92/0/1/2) and the CTD 
salinity and oxygen found in dot sea file are examined. . The individual 1 dbar 
profiles were observed in temperature, salinity and oxygen by comparing the 
profiles obtained in the same basin. The 86 profiles of P13 CTD data were 
divided into four groups as follows;

Station number     corresponding basin name
-------------------------------------------
from  4 to  5                  
from  6 to 42      Northwest Pacific Basin
from 46 to 48            
from 49 to 52
from 54 to 61      East Mariana Basin
from 62 to 63
from 65 to 88      Melanesia Basin

The CTD salinity and oxygen calibrations are examined using the water sample 
data file p13.mka. DQE used the water sample data flagged "2" only for the DQE 
work.

DETAILS

G.2.1  CTD PROFILES 

The temperature, salinity and oxygen profiles generally look good.

 
G.2.2   EVALUATION OF CTD CALIBRATIONS TO WATER SAMPLES

G.2.2.1 SALINITY CALIBRATION;

The onboard calibration for salinity looks good in general. Standard deviation 
of Ds, Ds = CTD salinity in dot sea file - bottle salinity, is 0.0114 PSS for 
deeper than 2000 dbar. This becomes small to 0.0022 PSS when DQE ignored one Ds 
data of -0.3178 PSS at station 29, cast 1, 3900.0 dbar where CTD salinity is 
bounced fresher far from the surroundings. However, 0.0022 PSS in standard 
deviation of Ds is still larger than that one would expect from good salinometer 
operation and CTD salinity calibrations. DQE also observed relatively large 
station dependency (fig.1) and weak pressure dependency (fig. 2). Although DQE 
could not find the description on the CTD calibrations in the cruise report of 
P13, DQE guesses that the station dependency has originated from the 
inappropriate station groupings to decide the cell factors.

DQE found that bottle salinities bounce mostly saltier (occasionally fresher) 
up to +/- 0.01 PSS, though they are flagged "good" by the data originator (See 
DQE comment for P13 Hydrographic data.). These "questionable/bad" data flagged 
by DQE may affect the CTD conductivity/salinity calibration.

DQE suggests that the CTD conductivity/salinity calibration should be applied in 
more station groups taking into account the Ds trend as shown fig. 1 and 
"questionable/bad" data flagged by DQE. DQE also suggests additional calibration 
for decreasing the pressure dependency will improve the quality of CTD salinity.


G.2.2.2 OXYGEN CALIBRATION;

The calibration for CTD oxygen looks good in general. DQE observed large station 
dependency (fig.3) and clear pressure dependency (fig. 4). Although DQE could 
not find the description on the CTD oxygen calibrations in the cruise report of 
P13, DQE guesses that the station dependency has originated from the 
inappropriate station groupings during the oxygen calibration.

DQE suggest that the further CTD oxygen calibration using more station groupings 
will improve the quality of CTD oxygen. DQE also suggest additional calibration 
for decreasing the pressure dependency will improve the quality of CTD oxygen.


G.2.3.  The following are some specific problems that should be looked at:

st. 50 from ca. 2500 dbar to ca. 3500 dbar, from ca. 5000 dbar to ca. 5200 dbar 
    and from 5400 dbar to bottom: Salinity profile looks noisy. 
        Suggest flg. "3".
st. 82 at 2710 dbar. Salinity spikes/noises are observed. 
        Suggest flg. "3".
st. 83 at near bottom: Salinity spikes/noises are observed. 
        Suggest flg. "3".
st. 87 at near bottom:  Salinity spikes/noises are observed. 
        Suggest flg. "3".


G.2.4 RECALIBRATION OF P13 CONDUCIVITY
      NOVEMBER, 1997

Conductivity calibrations were re-examined after WOCE DQE input to reduce 
station-to-station trends in the residuals for the majority of station 
groupings.  Calibration files were restored from 8mm tape saveset CGC92.BCK 
created October 27, 1993.  They were 1111_DOWN.CAL of calibrated pressure, 
calibrated temperature, and cell-corrected conductivity from downcast CTD data 
matched (MATCH.FOR) corrected (PBIAS.FOR) bottle pressure.  CAST53_PCOR.CAL of 
corrected (PBIAS.FOR) and calibrated pressure, uncalibrated temperature, and 
uncorrected conductivity from upcast CTD data.  There were no downcast data to 
match for station 53 but it was carried along independently to account for it's 
bottle data. 1111_FIN.CAL of uncalibrated pressure, uncalibrated temperature, 
and uncorrected conductivity from upcast CTD data. For CTD s/n 1111, slightly 
different groupings than before were chosen, and full and deep station-dependent 
fits were considered.  We concluded again that only bottles greater than 1500 db 
be used in the fits.  The results were     

Stat  | NPts | NPts  | %Pts | Fit   | StdDev |  FitBias   |  MinFit  |  MaxFit
Group | Used | Total | Used | Order |        |            |  Slope   |  Slope
------|------|-------|------|-------|--------|------------|----------|----------
02-10 |  70  |   78  | 89.7 |   2   | 0.0014 | -0.0567979 | 1.001918 | 1.002002
11-14 |  48  |   53  | 90.6 |   1   | 0.0012 | -0.1109544 | 1.003234 | 1.003559
15-42 | 348  |  367  | 94.8 |   3   | 0.0017 | -0.0489930 | 1.001296 | 1.001432
47-55 |  94  |   98  | 95.9 |   2   | 0.0014 | -0.0379626 | 1.001040 | 1.001136
56    |  13  |   13  |100.0 |   0   | 0.0009 | -0.1231880 | 1.003534 | 1.003534
57-74 | 212  |  215  | 98.6 |   2   | 0.0020 | -0.0516512 | 1.001034 | 1.001107
75-88 | 111  |  125  | 88.1 |   1   | 0.0014 | -0.0196148 | 0.999910 | 0.999954

Final conductivity calibration coefficients were applied to 1111_DOWN.CAL using 
DCALMSTR.FOR; and to CAST53_PCOR.CAL using DCALMSTR_53.FOR.  DCALMSTR_53 also 
applied pre-cruise temperature calibrations and a conductivity cell correction.  
For CTD s/n 1112, a station-dependent fit did not improve the results of the 
original fit in 1993, which were 

Stat  | NPts | NPts  | %Pts | Fit   | StdDev |  FitBias   |  MinFit  |  MaxFit
Group | Used | Total | Used | Order |        |            |  Slope   |  Slope
------|------|-------|------|-------|--------|------------|----------|----------
3,28, |   63 |   67  | 94.0 |   0   | 0.0024 | -0.0043094 | 1.001918 | 1.000126
43-36 |

However, 1112_FIN.CLB was ammended to include a change to station 43, remove 
zero bottle salinities, and have the same format as the newly calibrated .CLB 
files.

A plot of station-to-station means and medians helped to identify three profiles 
that needed additional conductivity offsets.  Using the same process as before, 
stations 24, 68, and 84 were moved closer to their neighbors.

              Poor | Good  | Mean    | Mean    | Navg | Theta
              Cast | Cast  | Delta-s | Delta-C |      | Range
              -----|-------|---------|---------|------|----------
               24  | 23&25 | -0.0048 | -0.0039 |  11  | 1.10-1.23
               68  | 67&69 | -0.0037 | -0.0030 |  13  | 1.12-1.28
               84  | 82    | -0.0230 | -0.0187 |  17  | 1.39-1.59


As before, programs EPCTDW and EPCTD92 were used to apply all calibrations and 
corrections to downcast data and create EPIC .CTD files.  Program EPICBOMSTRP 
was used to create EPIC .BOT files, however bottle data should be requested from 
Dr. John Bullister, Ocean Chemistry Data Manager.  EPIC .CTD and .BOT files were 
copied to disk$epic1:[hayes.data.cgc92.ctd], along with EPCTD*.COM command 
files.  It was not necessary to reload anything into the data base tables.  All 
working files were archived on the same 8mm tape as the original calibration 
savesets from 1993/94.  CTD data were put into WOCE format using the same 
program as before, WOCELST, and copied to our anonymous ftp site on hilo 
/ctd/p13.  A new .sea file created by WOCESEA.FOR was given to John Bullister to 
incorporate into the ocean chemistry data base.  He will put an updated P13.sea 
file on hilo /ctd/p13.  These were then resubmitted to the WHPO.



G.3 COMMENTS ON DQ EVALUATION OF WOCE P13 HYDROGRAPHIC DATA 
    (Michio AOYAMA)
    24 May 1996

The data quality of the hydrographic data of the WOCE P13 cruise (EXPOCODE: 
3220CGC92/0/1/2) are examined.  The data files for this DQE work was P13.sum and 
P13.mka (this P13.mka file is created for DQE, then it has a new column of 
quality 2 word) provided by WHPO.

GENERAL
The station spacing is basically 30 nautical miles and the sampling layer 
spacing was kept ca. 300 dbar in the deeper layers during this P13 cruise. The 
ctd lowerings were made to within several ten meters to the sea bottom except 
some stations. DQE observed major problems on phosphate, nitrite and nitrate and 
minor problem on bottle salinity. DQE asks the data originator to make a detail 
data report describing the quality of the water sample data. Aside from the 
problems described in detail in this comments, the P13 cruise data along 165 
deg. E will improve our knowledge on the western North Pacific and update the 
deep water data set in this area. 

DQE used the data flagged "2" by data originator for this DQE work.

DQE examined 6 profiles and 5 property vs. property plots as listed below;
salinity, oxygen, silicate, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate profiles
    theta vs. salinity plot
    theta vs. oxygen plot
    salinity vs. oxygen plot
    nitrate vs. phosphate plot
    salinity vs. silicate plot


G.3.1. SALINITY;

Bottle salinity profile looks good. Salinity vs. oxygen and theta vs. salinity 
plots also looks reasonable. DQE, however, thinks that the some flags of the 
bottle salinity data are not reliable. Some of the bottle salinity bounced 
saltier (occasionally fresher) up to +/- 0.01 PSS. The details are listed in 
Sec. 4.1.

G.3.2. OXYGEN;

Bottle oxygen profile looks good. Salinity vs. oxygen and theta vs. oxygen plots 
also looks reasonable. DQE thinks that the flags of the bottle oxygen data are 
reliable.

G.3.3. NUTRIENTS;

The phosphate and nitrate profiles look very noisy and varying both layer by 
layer and station by station especially among the first half of the stations. 
The silicate profiles look good in general. DQE estimates the precision of 
phosphate, nitrate and silicate analyses from the data at station 3, where 11 
bottles are closed almost same depths and the results of the replicate analyses 
are available. The estimated precisions are summarized in Table 1.

Table 1.

Parameter  number   mean     sigma   CV        range
           of data  µmol/kg  µmol/kg  %        µmol/kg
----------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate      11     37.02    0.83    2.2    35.06 -  38.24
Phosphate    11      2.83    0.17    6.0     2.51 -   3.27
Silicate     11    182.9     0.52    0.28  181.80 - 183.95


The analytical precisions of nitrate and phosphate shown in table 1 are one 
order of magnitude larger than those which are required for WOCE one time WHP 
standards for water samples (WHPO 90-1). Both these larger values of analytical 
precision and observed variability of nitrate and phosphate profiles are 
consistent, DQE, then asks the data originator to check raw data and make a 
detail data report on the nutrients analyses and describe the quality of 
nutrient data. 

DQE observes that the nitrite concentrations in the deeper layers at entire 
stations are unreasonably high and show unreliable values up to 0.4 µmol/kg even 
at deeper layers. In the deeper layers, this 0.4 µmol.kg of nitrite correspond 1 
% of the nitrate concentrations there and obviously affect the precision of 
nitrate analyses considering the required precision for nitrate analyses in WOCE 
WHP one-time survey standards of seawater samples. DQE, then, thinks that we can 
not ignore these high nitrite concentrations. DQE guesses two possibilities of 
the reason of these unreasonable high concentrations as follows; 

1) The sample water are contaminated during the sampling/handling.
2) The data originator had got a very noisy output from nitrite colorimeter and 
   accounted those noises as a peak of sample.


DQE shows one example of this problem in Table 2 and discusses on the 
Possibilities mentioned above.

Table 2. 

station/cast/layer  depth  nitrate  nitrite  sum of nitrate and nitrite
                    dbar   µmol/kg  µmol/kg           µmol/kg
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
      61/1/104      3997    34.70    0.02              34.72
      61/1/105      3695    35.06    0.04              35.10
      61/1/106      3396    34.85    0.43              35.28
      61/1/107      3095    35.87    0.05              35.92
      61/1/108      2795    36.75    0.00              36.75
      61/1/109      2498    36.55    0.08              36.63
      61/1/110      2191    36.80    0.04              36.84


As shown in Table 2, nitrate profile originally shows unreasonable/unusual 
depletion at 3396 dbar. However, the profile of 'sum of nitrate and nitrite' 
does not show the unreasonable depletion. DQE thinks that this example clearly 
shows that the nitrite concentration should have originated from the noisy 
output from colorimeter not the case of contaminated samples. Since nitrate 
concentration is obtained by the subtraction of nitrite concentration from the 
'nitrate plus nitrite' concentration, the data originator got wrong/artifact 
profiles of nitrate caused by the wrong/artifact nitrite profiles. 

DQE, however, can not entirely exclude the possibility of the contamination 
case, because DQE does not see the raw data of the analyses and some of the 
nitrate profiles look good where the nitrite profiles look bad.

Anyway the nitrite concentration usually shows a peak at the nitracline, DQE, 
then, did not list the questionable/bad data shallower than ca. 500 dbar. 

In conclusion, DQE asks the data originator to check all of the nitrite data by 
using the raw data. This also means that nitrate concentration should be checked 
following the nitrite concentration revisions. If the unreasonable high nitrite 
concentrations are identified as a results of noisy output of calorimeter, DQE 
suggests that the data originator assumes nitrite concentrations in the deeper 
layers are zero then recalculate the nitrate concentrations. If the unreasonable 
high nitrite concentrations are contaminated results, DQE suggests that those 
data should be flagged "3" or "4". In this case, the nitrate concentrations 
should be good basically. DQE, however, asks the data originator to pay 
attention the reduction rate from nitrate to nitrite during the analyses because 
relatively low reduction rate might affect the nitrate concentration when the 
nitrite concentration is high. 

The details are listed in Sec. 4.2 - 4.4.


G.3.4.   The following are specific problems that should be looked at:

STNNBR XX/ CASTNO X/ SAMPNO XX at XXXX dbar:

G.3.4.1  SALINITY AND OXYGEN

st. 11/1/114 at 1994 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 11/1/115 at 1794 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 12/1/112 at 2796 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 12/1/110 at 3597 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 12/1/108 at 4399 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 13/1/115 at 1794 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 13/1/102 at 5948 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 14/1/111 at 2593 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 14/1/102 at 5252 dbar: Bottle oxygen Suggest high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 15/1/101 at 5003 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st.  17/1/102 at 4499 dbar: CTD oxygen looks very low. Bottle flg. "4".

st. 18/1/102 at 5299 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 20/1/113 at 1989 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 20/1/112 at 2293 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 21/1/110 at 2896 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 21/1/104 at 4699 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 23/1/114 at 2094 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 24/1/111 at 2796 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 26/1/114 at 1893 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 26/1/111 at 2795 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 26/1/109 at 3596 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 26/1/108 at 3998 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 27/1/109 at 3598 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 27/1/107 at 4198 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 27/1/104 at 5398 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 27/1/103 at 5697 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 27/1/102 at 5697 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 27/1/101 at 5902 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 29/1/108 at 3900 dbar: CTD salinity looks very low. Suggest flg. "4"

st. 29/1/105 at 5000 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 34/1/110 at 2294 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 34/1/111 at 1991 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 37/1/107 at 3596 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 39/1/113 at 1793 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 43/1/102 at 3803 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 46/1/105 at 1997 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 47/1/111 at 2293 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 50/1/108 at 3597 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 52/1/114 at 2596 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 57/1/112 at 2390 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 62/1/110 at 2393 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 63/1/109 at 2896 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 75/1/105 at 3197 dbar: Bottle salinity looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 77/1/104 at 3496 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 77/1/103 at 3795 dbar: Bottle oxygen looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

st. 78/1/103 at 3797 dbar: Bottle salinity looks high. Suggest flg. "3".


G.3.4.2  PHOSPHATE;

3/1/108 at 2494 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "4".

3/1/101 at 2498 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "4".

3/1/102 at 2498 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

9/1/121 at  295 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

9/1/120 at  345 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

9/1/119 at  394 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

9/1/110 at 1392 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

20/1/113 at 1989 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

20/1/112 at 2293 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

30/1/113 at 2392 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

30/1/112 at 2692 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

46/1/109 at  398 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

46/1/108 at  700 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

46/1/107 at  997 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

46/1/106 at 1496 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

46/1/105 at 1997 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

56/1/117 at 1193 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

56/1/115 at 1595 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

58/1/123 at  496 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

58/1/122 at  593 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

58/1/103 at 5099 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

58/1/101 at 5630 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

67/1/125 at  345 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

67/1/124 at  400 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

87/1/117 at  495 dbar: Phosphate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".


G.3.4.3  NITRITE

Nitrite concentrations listed below look high/noisy/contaminated. Suggest to 
revise the data according the DQE comments in Sec. 3. DQE flagged quality2 word 
only some of the listed data.

8/1/101 - 109 from 1816 dbar to 793 dbar.

12/1/108-114 from 4399 dbar to 1994 dbar.

14/1/101-120 from 5252 dbar to 792 dbar.

15/1/115-120 from 1591 dbar to 791 dbar.

16/1/115-120 from 1591 dbar to 795 dbar.

19/1/115-116 from 1393 dbar to 1193 dbar.

21/1/106-111 from 4097 dbar to 2595 dbar.

24/1/104-120 from 5387 dbar to 695 dbar.

25/1/113-693 from 2394 dbar to 693 dbar.

26/1/107-120 from 4397 dbar to 694 dbar.

28/1/101-106 from 5001 dbar to 1197 dbar.

29/1/107-121 from 4200 dbar to 693 dbar.

30/1/107-121 from 4200 dbar to 694 dbar.

31/1/101-121 from 5803 dbar to 590 dbar.

32/1/101-121 from 5658 dbar to 493 dbar.

34/1/101-121 from 5076 dbar to 494 dbar.

35/1/108-110 from 3244 dbar to 2745 dbar.

36/1/101-121 from 4861 dbar to 594 dbar.

37/1/101-121 from 5361 dbar to 595 dbar.

38/1/101-121 from 5599 dbar to 494 dbar.

39/1/101-121 from 5574 dbar to 594 dbar.

40/1/101-121 from 5320 dbar to 594 dbar.

41/1/101-121 from 5488 dbar to 497 dbar.

42/1/101-121 from 4676 dbar to 593 dbar.

43/1/101-106 from 4710 dbar to 796 dbar.

44/1/101-106 from 3398 dbar to 699 dbar.

45/1/101-106 from 4551 dbar to 799 dbar.

46/1/102-108 from 5001 dbar to 700 dbar.

47/1/101-121 from 5592 dbar to 493 dbar.

48/1/101-121 from 4729 dbar to 592 dbar.

49/1/101-123 from 5648 dbar to 494 dbar.

50/1/101-122 from 5751 dbar to 492 dbar.

51/1/117-122 from 993 dbar to 494 dbar.

52/1/101-123 from 5931 dbar to 498 dbar.

53/1/102-111 from 1994 dbar to 494 dbar.

54/1/103-122 from 5801 dbar to 486 dbar.

55/1/101-122 from 5579 dbar to 495 dbar.

56/1/102-123 from 5300 dbar to 496 dbar.

57/1/101-121 from 5686 dbar to 690 dbar.

58/1/101-110 from 5630 dbar to 2994 dbar.

59/1/101-123 from 5415 dbar to 494 dbar.

61/1/101-122 from 4539 dbar to 496 dbar.

62/1/101-121 from 5148 dbar to 494 dbar.

63/1/101-121 from 5497 dbar to 495 dbar.

64/1/102-122 from 4298 dbar to 494 dbar.

65/1/101-123 from 5541 dbar to 494 dbar.

66/1/101-123 from 5112 dbar to 496 dbar.

67/1/101-123 from 5317 dbar to 495 dbar.

68/1/101-123 from 4753 dbar to 493 dbar.

69/1/101-123 from 5139 dbar to 493 dbar.

70/1/101-122 from 5262 dbar to 495 dbar.

71/1/101-120 from 4939 dbar to 492 dbar.

72/1/101-120 from 4486 dbar to 595 dbar.

73/1/101-117 from 4278 dbar to 590 dbar.

74/1/101-122 from 4225 dbar to 495 dbar.

75/1/101-119 from 4308 dbar to 785 dbar.

76/1/109-120 from 1995 dbar to 594 dbar.

77/1/101-119 from 4423 dbar to 793 dbar.

78/1/101-117 from 4429 dbar to 994 dbar.

79/1/103-119 from 3797 dbar to 795 dbar.

80/1/101-120 from 4483 dbar to 698 dbar.

81/1/106-118 from 2997 dbar to 893 dbar.

82/1/101-109 from 4519 dbar to 2094 dbar.

84/1/101-118 from 3780 dbar to 892 dbar.

85/1/101-112 from 3286 dbar to 1390 dbar.

86/1/101-117 from 2221 dbar to 496 dbar.

87/1/101-117 from 2388 dbar to 495 dbar.

88/1/104-118 from 1836 dbar to 492 dbar.

G.3.4.4  Nitrate

3/1/101 at 2498 dbar: Nitrate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

13/1/109 at 3695 dbar: Nitrate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

13/1/108 at 4098 dbar: Nitrate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

13/1/107 at 4499 dbar: Nitrate concentration looks high. Suggest flg. "3".

30/1/101 at 5947 dbar: Nitrate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

58/1/102 at 5399 dbar: Nitrate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".


G.3.4.5  Silicate

77/1/109 at 2086 dbar: Silicate concentration looks low. Suggest flg. "3".

85/1/109 at 1791 dbar: Silicate concentration looks low. suggest flg. "3".



G.4  NUTRIENTS DQE
     (George Anderson)
     9/13/2000

NOTES ON THE REPROCESSING OF THE NO2 DATA FROM THE P13 CRUISE.  

The original DQE work clearly recognized and addressed the problems with the 
nutrient data set from Cruise P13.  Relevant to the nitrite and nitrate data 
processing, let me reiterate some of these comments:

"The...nitrate profiles look very noisy and varying both layer by layer and 
station by station especially among the first half of the stations." (page 2).
"DQE observes that the nitrite concentrations in the deeper layers at entire 
stations are unreasonably high and show unreliable values up to 0.4 µmol/kg even 
at deeper layers....this 0.4 µmol/kg of nitrite correspond 1% of the nitrate 
concentrations there and obviously affect the precision of the nitrate 
analyses...DQE, then, thinks that we can not ignore these high nitrite 
concentrations." (page 2).  

Continuing page 2 and on page 3 of the report, the problems and two possible 
reasons for these problems are discussed.  

In response, the data originator reviewed the "deep" nitrite data. Reprocessing 
has been done; the revised data listing incorporates the following:

1. all nitrite values of 0.05 or less have been changed to 0.00, 
2. the Q1 flag for these values has been changed from 3 to 2 if not originally  
   flagged 2, 
3. the number in the nitrate column is now the nitrate + nitrite value, in      
   other words, the value calculated from the nitrate channel is tabulated      
   with no correction for the value calculated from the nitrite channel.
4. for nitrite values greater than 0.05µmoles/kg, the nitrite value is shown in 
   the data listing and is flagged 3
5. as in the original data listing the corresponding nitrate value has been     
   corrected for the "high" nitrite value.
6. in the case of nitrite values exceeding 0.28 µmol/kg, the nitrate value has  
   been flagged 3.

I have some concerns about the reprocessed data:

1. The DQE gave an example (page 3) which indicated that at station 61, the 
   high nitrite value (0.43 µmol/kg) shouldn't be subtracted from the nitrate 
   channel calculation before listing the corrected nitrate value.  Examining 
   the nitrate versus db curve and the phosphate/nitrate relationship in the 
   deeper water column are excellent ways of evaluating the "goodness" of a 
   particularly nitrate value. This doesn't seem to have been done on the 13 
   stations where high nitrite values occurred. This would not have taken very 
   much time and certainly would have been helpful in evaluating all "high" deep 
   nitrite data and in turn the corresponding nitrate value.  I plotted the 
   nitrate and phosphate data from Table 2 for station 61. The uncorrected 
   nitrate value at 3396 db fits better on the N03-db curve than the corrected 
   value and the corrected value definitely falls below the PO4/NO3 curve for 
   this station. In this case, the high nitrite value clearly shows a problem 
   with the nitrite channel and not a general sample contamination problem.

2. based on measurements of duplicates, the data originator chose a detection 
   limit of 0.05 µmol/kg for nitrite and 0.28 for nitrate. These relatively 
   large values indicate problems with both analyses. Full span for the nitrite 
   channel is generally set at ~2.  An absorbance difference of ~0.025 with a 
   factor of ~2 gives a nitrite value of 0.05 µmol/kg. An absorbance of 0.025 or 
   even 0.0125 (1 std. dev.) is significantly different than zero. If 0.05 is 
   taken as being equivalent to zero, why aren't all nitrite values decreased by 
   0.05 before being subtracted from the results of the nitrate channel 
   computation? Why make the treatment of the nitrite data concentration 
   dependent? I believe it is critical that data be handled consistently. This 
   certainly has not been done with the revised nitrite data set.


G.4.1  NUTRIENTS DQE (continued)
       (George Anderson)
       9/13/2000

The estimates of precision for phosphate and nitrate were recalculated from the 
corrected data from station 3. These corrections are summarized in Table 1. The 
revised analytical precision of nitrate and phosphate shown in Table 1 are 
within the acceptable range required for WOCE one time WHP standards for water 
samples (WHP Office Report 90-1).

Parameter  Number   Mean     Sigma   CV        Range
          of Data  µmol/kg  µmol/kg   %       µmol/kg
--------------------------------------------------------
Nitrate      9      37.10    0.51    1.4   36.09 ñ 37.68
Phosphate   10       2.82    0.05    1.74   2.70 ñ  2.86

The high nitrite concentrations below 500 dbar were given special consideration. 
DQE suggested two possibilities for the observed high values;

1) The sample water was contaminated during  sampling/handling.

2) The output from the nitrite colorimeter was very noisy and accounted for the 
   observed peaks.

All nutrient samples were run as duplicates. Based on Studentís t test, a 
detection limit (D.L.) for both nitrite and nitrate was estimated from the 
standard deviation (s) of a population of differences between duplicate 
measurements:

          D.L. =  t s, where t was taken at the 0.05 probability level

Enough duplicates were measured during WOCE P13 that t = 2. Therefore, any 
concentration equal to or less than twice the corresponding values of s can be 
considered zero. Limits based on duplicates from WOCE P13 were 0.05 µmol/kg for 
nitrite and 0.28 µmol/kg for nitrate. Therefore, any nitrite sample below 500 
dbar with a concentration of 0.05 µmol/kg was indistinguishable from zero and 
recorded as zero (nitrate samples were adjusted accordingly). These nitrite 
samples were flagged acceptable (2). Nitrite samples below 500 dbar greater than 
0.05 µmol/kg were flagged as questionable (3). A noisy nitrite colorimeter 
output would have given a larger detection limit for nitrite than the estimated 
0.05 µmol/kg.

Nitrite values greater than 0.05 µmol/kg truly are nonzero since they occurred 
so frequently in the same deep bottle samples. Therefore, while we do not claim 
that the high nitrite values necessarily represent actual in situ concentra-
tions, we do not think they are the result of bogus analyses. The remarkable 
consistency of high deep nitrite values in the same Niskin bottles on many casts 
suggests some contamination during the sampling process. The high deep nitrite 
values must be flagged as questionable (3) of course, and we will probably never 
know how they came to be.

Any nitrate sample below 500 dbar with a corresponding nitrite concentration 
equal to or less than 0.28 µmol/kg was flagged as acceptable (2). Nitrate 
samples with corresponding nitrite values greater than 0.28 µmol/kg were flagged 
as questionable (3). There were 13 nitrate samples below 500 dbar identified as 
such.

Attached you will find an excel file addressing specific problems identified by 
DQE.

STN CAST SAMP CTD    CTD CTD SAL OXY  SILCAT PHSPHT NITRAT NITRIT QUALT
NBR  NO   NO  PRS    SAL OXY NTY GEN
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
3    1   101  2498.2                         2.51   35.06         ~~~~~43~
3    1   102  2498                           2.7                  ~~~~~3~~
3    1   108  2493.9                         2.86                 ~~~~~2~~
8    1   101  1816    .   .   .   .    .            41.38  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
8    1   102  1695    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.11  0      ~~~~~~~2
8    1   103  1544    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.23  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
8    1   104  1394    .   .   .   .    .     .      44.37  0      ~~~~~~~2
8    1   105  1242    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
8    1   106  1095    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.33  0      ~~~~~~~2
8    1   107  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      44.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
8    1   108  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      44.33  0      ~~~~~~~2
8    1   109  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      44.69  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
9    1   110  1392                           2.89                 ~~~~~3~~
9    1   119  394                            2.73                 ~~~~~3~~
9    1   120  345                            2.83                 ~~~~~3~~
9    1   121  295                            2.82                 ~~~~~3~~
12   1   108  4399    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.86  0      ~~~~~~~2
12   1   109  3998    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.05  0      ~~~~~~~2
12   1   110  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.57  0      ~~~~~~~2
12   1   111  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.7   0      ~~~~~~~~
12   1   112  2796    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.86  0.26   ~~~~~~~3
12   1   113  2394    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.26  0.23   ~~~~~~~3
12   1   114  1994    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.79  0.28   ~~~~~~~3
13   1   107  4499                                  37.86         ~~~~~~2~
13   1   108  4098                                  38.5          ~~~~~~2~
13   1   109  3698                                  38.46         ~~~~~~2~
14   1   101  5252    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.74  0      ~~~~~~~2
14   1   102  5252    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.83  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   103  4998    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.97  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   104  4698    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.49  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
14   1   105  4399    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.89  0      ~~~~~~~2
14   1   106  4096    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.57  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   107  3796    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.23  0      ~~~~~~~2
14   1   108  3498    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
14   1   109  3194    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
14   1   110  2898    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.57  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   111  2593    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.87  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   112  2293    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.62  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   113  1992    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.99  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   114  1794    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.89  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   115  1593    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.31  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   116  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.6   0.14   ~~~~~~~3
14   1   117  1196    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.98  0      ~~~~~~~2
14   1   118  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.7   0      ~~~~~~~2
14   1   119  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      44.02  0      ~~~~~~~2
14   1   120  792     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.98  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
15   1   115  1591    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.95  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
15   1   116  1394    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.99  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
15   1   117  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.69  0      ~~~~~~~~
15   1   118  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.12  0      ~~~~~~~~
15   1   119  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.13  0      ~~~~~~~~
15   1   120  791     .   .   .   .    .     .      31.35  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
16   1   115  1591    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.51  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
16   1   116  1392    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.47  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
16   1   117  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.59  0      ~~~~~~~2
16   1   118  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.93  0      ~~~~~~~2
16   1   119  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
16   1   120  795     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.46  0      ~~~~~~~2
19   1   115  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.45  0      ~~~~~~~2
19   1   116  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.17  0      ~~~~~~~2
20   1   112  2293                           2.73                 ~~~~~3~~
20   1   113  1989                           2.74                 ~~~~~3~~
21   1   106  4097    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.72  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
21   1   107  3798    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.7   0      ~~~~~~~2
21   1   108  3497    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.92  0      ~~~~~~~2
21   1   109  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.68  0      ~~~~~~~2
21   1   110  2896    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.36  0      ~~~~~~~2
21   1   111  2595    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.06  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   104  5387    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.62  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   105  5099    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.63  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   106  4798    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   107  4399    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   108  3998    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.76  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   109  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.3   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
24   1   110  3193    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.67  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
24   1   111  2796    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.73  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
24   1   112  2495    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.12  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   113  2194    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.55  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
24   1   114  1893    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.65  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
24   1   115  1596    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.25  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
24   1   116  1294    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.59  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
24   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   118  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.62  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   119  795     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
24   1   120  695     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.25  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
25   1   113  2394    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.85  0      ~~~~~~~2
25   1   114  2094    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.71  0      ~~~~~~~2
25   1   115  1793    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.02  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
25   1   116  1492    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.83  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
25   1   117  1198    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
25   1   118  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
25   1   119  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.13  0      ~~~~~~~~
25   1   120  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
25   1   121  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.12  0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   107  4397    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.08  0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   108  3998    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.16  0      ~~~~~~~~
26   1   109  3596    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.9   0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   110  3199    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
26   1   111  2795    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.3   0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   112  2494    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   113  2194    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
26   1   114  1893    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.05  0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   115  1592    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.25  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
26   1   116  1295    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.87  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
26   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.21  0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   118  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
26   1   119  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
26   1   120  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.14  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
28   1   101  5001.2  .   .   .   .    .     .      36.43  0      ~~~~~~~2
28   1   102  4601.9  .   .   .   .    .     .      36.34  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
28   1   103  3596.9  .   .   .   .    .     .      37.45  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
28   1   104  2595.7  .   .   .   .    .     .      39.29  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
28   1   105  1594.5  .   .   .   .    .     .      42.43  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
28   1   106  1196.5  .   .   .   .    .     .      43.2   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   107  4200    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.88  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   108  3900    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.39  0      ~~~~~~~~
29   1   109  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.06  0      ~~~~~~~2
29   1   110  3297    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.46  0      ~~~~~~~2
29   1   111  2996    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.47  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   112  2698    .   .   .   .    .     .      39     0.1    ~~~~~~~3
29   1   113  2394    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.24  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   114  2090    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.91  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   115  1794    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.49  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   116  1491    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.63  0      ~~~~~~~2
29   1   117  1191    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.37  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   118  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
29   1   119  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
29   1   120  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.49  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
29   1   121  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.34  0.16   ~~~~~~~3
30   1   101  5947                                  34.78         ~~~~~~3~
30   1   107  4200    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.28  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
30   1   108  3897    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.78  0      ~~~~~~~~
30   1   109  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.45  0      ~~~~~~~2
30   1   110  3295    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.86  0      ~~~~~~~2
30   1   111  2994    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.24  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
30   1   112  2692    .   .   .   .    .     2.65   38.66  0.06   ~~~~~2~3
30   1   113  2392    .   .   .   .    .     2.73   38.91  0.06   ~~~~~2~3
30   1   114  2095    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.46  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
30   1   115  1795    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.56  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
30   1   116  1493    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.38  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
30   1   117  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.18  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
30   1   118  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
30   1   119  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
30   1   120  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.83  0      ~~~~~~~2
30   1   121  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.57  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
31   1   101  5803    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.44  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
31   1   102  5497    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.43  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   103  5198    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   104  4798    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   105  4398    .   .   .   .    .     .      37     0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   106  3998    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   107  3697    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.69  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
31   1   108  3396    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.1   0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   109  3095    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   110  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.69  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   111  2594    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.23  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
31   1   112  2293    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.27  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   113  1993    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.81  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   114  1693    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.84  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
31   1   115  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.63  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   116  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      43.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.26  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
31   1   118  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.34  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   119  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      43.29  0      ~~~~~~~2
31   1   120  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.93  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
31   1   121  590     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.1   0.11   ~~~~~~~3
32   1   101  5658    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.53  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
32   1   102  5198    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.46  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   103  4799    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.59  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   104  4399    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.75  0      ~~~~~~~~
32   1   105  3996    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.34  0      ~~~~~~~~
32   1   106  3697    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.77  0      ~~~~~~~~
32   1   107  3399    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   108  3096    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.69  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   109  2896    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.91  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   110  2594    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.27  0      ~~~~~~~~
32   1   111  2295    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.45  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   112  1992    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.66  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   113  1691    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.36  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
32   1   114  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.14  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   115  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.6   0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   116  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.69  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
32   1   117  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.51  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
32   1   118  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.09  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   119  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   120  590     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.76  0      ~~~~~~~2
32   1   121  493     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.22  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   101  5076    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.88  0.15   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   102  4699    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.63  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   103  4399    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   104  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.65  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   105  3798    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.34  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   106  3497    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.72  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   107  3197    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.57  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   108  2894    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.29  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   109  2593    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.74  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   110  2294    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.39  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   111  1991    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.66  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   112  1794    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.23  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   113  1594    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.68  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   114  1392    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.76  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   115  1194    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.02  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   116  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.6   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
34   1   117  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.69  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
34   1   118  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.93  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   119  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.06  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   120  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.92  0      ~~~~~~~2
34   1   121  494     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.74  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
35   1   108  3244    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.65  0      ~~~~~~~2
35   1   109  2996    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.75  0      ~~~~~~~2
35   1   110  2745    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.46  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   101  4861    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.11  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   102  4699    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.26  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   103  4299    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.14  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   104  3997    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.69  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   105  3697    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.12  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   106  3395    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.33  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   107  3096    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.58  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   108  2793    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.61  0      ~~~~~~~~
36   1   109  2495    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.61  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   110  2194    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
36   1   111  1893    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.7   0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   112  1692    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
36   1   113  1492    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.46  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   114  1294    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.46  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   115  1191    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.8   0.14   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   116  1093    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.74  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
36   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.12  0.26   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   118  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.04  0      ~~~~~~~2
36   1   119  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.43  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   120  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.9   0.16   ~~~~~~~3
36   1   121  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.11  0.28   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   101  5361    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.69  0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   102  5099    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.78  0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   103  4799    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.27  0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   104  4503    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   105  4199    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.77  0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   106  3898    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.78  0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   107  3596    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.58  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   108  3299    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.4   0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   109  2994    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.36  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   110  2694    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
37   1   111  2396    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.92  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   112  2092    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
37   1   113  1791    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.72  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
37   1   114  1495    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.9   0.12   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   115  1195    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.84  0.16   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   116  1092    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.25  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   117  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.97  0.25   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   118  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      42.49  0      ~~~~~~~2
37   1   119  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.73  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   120  692     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.37  0.15   ~~~~~~~3
37   1   121  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.98  0.24   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   101  5599    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.35  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   102  5198    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.06  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   103  4900    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.69  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   104  4498    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.74  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   105  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   106  3697    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.07  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   107  3397    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.67  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   108  3097    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.57  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   109  2795    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.11  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
38   1   110  2494    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.73  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   111  2192    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.62  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   112  1893    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   113  -9      .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
38   1   114  1391    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.65  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   115  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      43     0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   116  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.81  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   117  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.72  0.22   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   118  782     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   119  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.79  0      ~~~~~~~2
38   1   120  592     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.7   0.14   ~~~~~~~3
38   1   121  494     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.99  0.24   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   101  5574    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.04  0.22   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   102  5098    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.34  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   103  4797    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.92  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   104  4497    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.08  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
39   1   105  4197    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.9   0      ~~~~~~~2
39   1   106  3897    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.19  0      ~~~~~~~2
39   1   107  3598    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.75  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   108  3295    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.26  0      ~~~~~~~2
39   1   109  2995    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.41  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   110  2697    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.6   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   111  2398    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.02  0.16   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   112  2095    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.65  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   113  1793    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.95  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   114  1593    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
39   1   115  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.67  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
39   1   116  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
39   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.99  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   118  895     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.78  0      ~~~~~~~2
39   1   119  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.05  0      ~~~~~~~2
39   1   120  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.96  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
39   1   121  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.5   0.28   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   101  5320    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.49  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   102  5099    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.65  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   103  4798    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.48  0      ~~~~~~~2
40   1   104  4498    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.76  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   105  4198    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
40   1   106  3898    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
40   1   107  3598    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.63  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   108  3297    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.89  0      ~~~~~~~2
40   1   109  2996    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.68  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   110  2695    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.78  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   111  2394    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.51  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
40   1   112  2095    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.45  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   113  1793    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.89  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   114  1592    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.03  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   115  1392    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.18  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   116  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.03  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.31  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   118  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.44  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   119  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.32  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   120  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.3   0.12   ~~~~~~~3
40   1   121  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.32  0.22   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   101  5488    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.2   0.18   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   102  5097    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.01  0      ~~~~~~~2
41   1   103  4799    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.35  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   104  4501    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.24  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   105  4098    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.62  0      ~~~~~~~2
41   1   106  3695    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.29  0      ~~~~~~~2
41   1   107  3395    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.67  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   108  3097    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.08  0      ~~~~~~~2
41   1   109  2795    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.59  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   110  2495    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.06  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   111  2196    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.27  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   112  1894    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.2   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   113  1595    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.98  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   114  1395    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.11  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
41   1   115  1195    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.91  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   116  996     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.77  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   117  896     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.61  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   118  807     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.13  0      ~~~~~~~2
41   1   119  696     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
41   1   120  601     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.48  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
41   1   121  497     .   .   .   .    .     .      30.28  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
42   1   101  4676    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.71  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
42   1   102  4301    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.26  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   103  3999    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.32  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   104  3699    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.17  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   105  3396    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.79  0      ~~~~~~~2
42   1   106  3096    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.13  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   107  2794    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.46  0.15   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   108  2495    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.02  0      ~~~~~~~2
42   1   109  2192    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.38  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   110  1992    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.38  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   111  1791    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.15  0.15   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   112  1594    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.43  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   113  1392    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.9   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   114  1293    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.14  0.15   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   115  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.8   0.18   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   116  1095    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.05  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   117  995     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.09  0.25   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   118  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.14  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   119  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.19  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   120  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.55  0.16   ~~~~~~~3
42   1   121  593     .   .   .   .    .     .      27.66  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
43   1   101  4709.5  .   .   .   .    .     .      35.08  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
43   1   102  3803.1  .   .   .   .    .     .      35.72  0.22   ~~~~~~~3
43   1   103  2798    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.61  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
43   1   104  1995.4  .   .   .   .    .     .      41.93  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
43   1   105  1195.9  .   .   .   .    .     .      41.81  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
43   1   106  796.2   .   .   .   .    .     .      35.29  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
44   1   101  3398.8  .   .   .   .    .     .      37.46  0      ~~~~~~~2
44   1   102  2795.2  .   .   .   .    .     .      38.82  0      ~~~~~~~2
44   1   103  1998.6  .   .   .   .    .     .      41.23  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
44   1   104  1495.2  .   .   .   .    .     .      43.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
44   1   105  998.2   .   .   .   .    .     .      41.9   0      ~~~~~~~2
44   1   106  698.9   .   .   .   .    .     .      34.66  0      ~~~~~~~2
45   1   101  4551.4  .   .   .   .    .     .      35.16  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
45   1   102  4001.3  .   .   .   .    .     .      35.98  0      ~~~~~~~2
45   1   103  2994.7  .   .   .   .    .     .      37.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
45   1   104  1999.5  .   .   .   .    .     .      41.09  0      ~~~~~~~2
45   1   105  1397.1  .   .   .   .    .     .      42.93  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
45   1   106  798.7   .   .   .   .    .     .      39.45  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
46   1   102  5001.4  .   .   .   .    .     .      35.25  0      ~~~~~~~2
46   1   103  4001.2  .   .   .   .    .     .      35.65  0      ~~~~~~~2
46   1   104  2998.7  .   .   .   .    .     .      37.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
46   1   105  1996.9  .   .   .   .    .     3.01   41.62  0.07   ~~~~~2~3
46   1   106  1496.4  .   .   .   .    .     3.12   42.51  0      ~~~~~2~2
46   1   107  996.6   .   .   .   .    .     3.05   40.16  0      ~~~~~2~2
46   1   108  700.4   .   .   .   .    .     2.76   36.7   0      ~~~~~2~2
46   1   109  397.6                          1.53                 ~~~~~2~2
47   1   101  5592    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.83  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   102  5000    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.07  0      ~~~~~~~2
47   1   103  4698    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.54  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   104  4400    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
47   1   105  4097    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
47   1   106  3795    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.83  0      ~~~~~~~2
47   1   107  3497    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.25  0      ~~~~~~~2
47   1   108  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
47   1   109  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.02  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   110  2592    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.83  0      ~~~~~~~2
47   1   111  2293    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.92  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   112  1993    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.43  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   113  1693    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.89  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   114  1394    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.39  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   115  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.32  0.22   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   116  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.9   0.17   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   117  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.54  0.29   ~~~~~~33
47   1   118  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.15  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   119  695     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.23  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   120  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.14  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
47   1   121  493     .   .   .   .    .     .      28.77  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
48   1   101  4709    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.33  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   102  4500    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.05  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   103  4200    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.6   0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   104  3899    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.85  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
48   1   105  3598    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.16  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   106  3295    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   107  2995    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.09  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   108  2697    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.14  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   109  2396    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.91  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
48   1   110  2196    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.15  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   111  1994    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.57  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
48   1   112  1794    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.23  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   113  1595    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.59  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
48   1   114  1394    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.03  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
48   1   115  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   116  1094    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.63  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
48   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.85  0.28   ~~~~~~~3
48   1   118  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.18  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
48   1   119  789     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.84  0      ~~~~~~~2
48   1   120  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.6   0.17   ~~~~~~~3
48   1   121  592     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.63  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
49   1   101  5648    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.75  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   102  5498    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.83  0      ~~~~~~~2
49   1   103  5298    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.75  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   104  5000    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.16  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   105  4698    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.68  0      ~~~~~~~2
49   1   106  4400    .   .   .   .    .     .      12.3   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   107  4098    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.16  0      ~~~~~~~2
49   1   108  3792    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.68  0      ~~~~~~~2
49   1   109  3494    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.88  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   110  3192    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.45  0      ~~~~~~~2
49   1   111  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.7   0.11   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   112  2597    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.52  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   113  2270    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.76  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   114  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.22  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   115  1691    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.19  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   116  1395    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.92  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
49   1   117  1194    .   .   .   .    .     .      41.64  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   118  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.39  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   119  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.76  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
49   1   120  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.48  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   121  696     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.54  0.21   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   122  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      30.9   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
49   1   123  494     .   .   .   .    .     .      30.01  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
50   1   101  5751    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.4   0.17   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   102  5599    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.36  0      ~~~~~~~2
50   1   103  5396    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.44  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   104  5100    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.8   0.12   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   105  4800    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.15  0      ~~~~~~~2
50   1   106  4400    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.71  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   107  4003    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.28  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   108  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.44  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   109  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.31  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
50   1   110  2899    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.96  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   111  2593    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
50   1   112  2296    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.6   0      ~~~~~~~2
50   1   113  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.78  0.24   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   114  1694    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.87  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   115  1389    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.17  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   116  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.23  0.23   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   117  995     .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
50   1   118  896     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.72  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   119  792     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.98  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   120  697     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.61  0.19   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   121  596     .   .   .   .    .     .      31.06  0.23   ~~~~~~~3
50   1   122  492     .   .   .   .    .     .      23.06  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
51   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      41.27  0      ~~~~~~~2
51   1   118  881     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.47  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
51   1   119  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.61  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
51   1   120  695     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.02  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
51   1   121  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      15.04  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
51   1   122  494     .   .   .   .    .     .      18.88  0      ~~~~~~~2
52   1   101  5931    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.36  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   102  5696    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.23  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   103  5399    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.66  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   104  5103    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.01  0.16   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   105  4799    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.27  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   106  6101    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.34  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   107  5797    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.38  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   108  5397    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.72  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   109  4999    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.04  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   110  4598    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.19  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   111  4100    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.02  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
52   1   112  3596    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.51  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   113  3096    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.11  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
52   1   114  2596    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.87  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   115  2100    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.89  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   116  1592    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.34  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   117  1391    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.49  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   118  1195    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.98  0.16   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   119  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.59  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   120  787     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.9   0.09   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   121  698     .   .   .   .    .     .      32.05  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   122  597     .   .   .   .    .     .      25.8   0.09   ~~~~~~~3
52   1   123  498     .   .   .   .    .     .      18.11  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   102  1993.8  .   .   .   .    .     .      41.2   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   103  1691.3  .   .   .   .    .     .      42.33  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   104  1394.6  .   .   .   .    .     .      42.27  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
53   1   105  1195.1  .   .   .   .    .     .      41.55  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   106  993.4   .   .   .   .    .     .      39.99  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   107  891.2   .   .   .   .    .     .      37.52  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   108  794.3   .   .   .   .    .     .      21.78  0      ~~~~~~~2
53   1   109  693.4   .   .   .   .    .     .      25.81  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   110  596.3   .   .   .   .    .     .      18.94  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
53   1   111  494.2   .   .   .   .    .     .      13.44  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   103  5801    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.85  0      ~~~~~~~2
54   1   104  5699    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.47  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
54   1   105  5299    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.79  0      ~~~~~~~2
54   1   106  4899    .   .   .   .    .     .      35     0      ~~~~~~~2
54   1   107  4499    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.68  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   108  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
54   1   109  3796    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.88  0      ~~~~~~~2
54   1   110  3498    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.72  0      ~~~~~~~2
54   1   111  3197    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.26  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   112  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.33  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   113  2593    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.95  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   114  2290    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.96  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
54   1   115  1993    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.95  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
54   1   116  1694    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.25  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   117  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.42  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   118  1195    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.27  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   119  990     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.3   0.1    ~~~~~~~3
54   1   120  789     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.52  0.15   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   121  593     .   .   .   .    .     .      20.55  0.23   ~~~~~~~3
54   1   122  496     .   .   .   .    .     .      14.4   0.08   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   101  5579    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
55   1   102  5402    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
55   1   103  5197    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.03  0      ~~~~~~~2
55   1   104  4899    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.34  0      ~~~~~~~2
55   1   105  4498    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.52  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   106  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.88  0      ~~~~~~~2
55   1   107  3698    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.44  0      ~~~~~~~2
55   1   108  3398    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.07  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   109  3097    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.56  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   110  2793    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.73  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   111  2493    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.09  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   112  2192    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.19  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   113  1897    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.86  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   114  1594    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.17  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   115  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.22  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   116  1194    .   .   .   .    .     .      42.14  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      40.39  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   118  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.32  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   119  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.8   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   120  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      29.51  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
55   1   121  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      20.62  0      ~~~~~~~2
55   1   122  495     .   .   .   .    .     .      15.26  0      ~~~~~~~2
56   1   102  5300    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.49  0      ~~~~~~~2
56   1   103  5099    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.35  0      ~~~~~~~2
56   1   104  4800    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
56   1   105  4501    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.07  0.25   ~~~~~~~3
56   1   106  4199    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.3   0.36   ~~~~~~33
56   1   107  3899    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.03  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
56   1   108  3595    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.77  0      ~~~~~~~2
56   1   109  3294    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
56   1   110  2993    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.65  0.39   ~~~~~~33
56   1   111  2692    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.88  0.52   ~~~~~~33
56   1   112  2396    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.22  0.38   ~~~~~~33
56   1   113  2094    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.2   0.19   ~~~~~~~3
56   1   114  1792    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.08  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
56   1   115  1595    .   .   .   .    .     2.74   38.29  0      ~~~~~2~2
56   1   116  1391    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.51  0.34   ~~~~~~33
56   1   117  1193    .   .   .   .    .     2.69   37.82  0.27   ~~~~~2~3
56   1   118  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.17  0.4    ~~~~~~33
56   1   119  890     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.94  0      ~~~~~~~2
56   1   120  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.39  0.36   ~~~~~~33
56   1   121  692     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.62  0.24   ~~~~~~~3
56   1   122  596     .   .   .   .    .     .      32.49  0      ~~~~~~~2
56   1   123  496     .   .   .   .    .     .      22.58  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
57   1   101  5686    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.75  0      ~~~~~~~~
57   1   102  5401    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.44  0      ~~~~~~~~
57   1   103  5098    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   104  4800    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.98  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   105  4497    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.4   0      ~~~~~~~~
57   1   106  4200    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   107  3899    .   .   .   .    .     .      35     0.17   ~~~~~~~3
57   1   108  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.19  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   109  3298    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.66  0.53   ~~~~~~33
57   1   110  2989    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.99  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   111  2691    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.72  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   112  2390    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.12  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   113  2093    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.68  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
57   1   114  1795    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.03  0.31   ~~~~~~33
57   1   115  1590    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   116  1387    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.54  0.23   ~~~~~~~3
57   1   117  1194    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.43  0      ~~~~~~~2
57   1   118  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.52  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
57   1   119  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.69  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
57   1   120  792     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.13  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
57   1   121  690     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.11  0.19   ~~~~~~~3
58   1   101  5630    .   .   .   .    .     2.2    33.47  0.08   ~~~~~2~3
58   1   102  5399    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.11  0.37   ~~~~~~33
58   1   103  5099    .   .   .   .    .     2.23   32.92  0.3    ~~~~~233
58   1   104  4799    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.45  0      ~~~~~~~2
58   1   105  4499    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.43  0.2    ~~~~~~~3
58   1   106  4198    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.13  0.26   ~~~~~~~3
58   1   107  3898    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.48  0      ~~~~~~~~
58   1   108  3596    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.1   0      ~~~~~~~~
58   1   109  3296    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.19  0      ~~~~~~~2
58   1   110  2994    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.18  0.21   ~~~~~~~3
58   1   122  593                            2.11                 ~~~~~2~~
58   1   123  496                            1.48                 ~~~~~2~~
59   1   101  5415    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.84  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   102  5101    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.59  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   103  4900    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.09  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   104  4599    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.83  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   105  4300    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.77  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   106  3997    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.04  0.22   ~~~~~~~3
59   1   107  3700    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.75  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   108  3398    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.68  0      ~~~~~~~~
59   1   109  3092    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.55  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
59   1   110  2795    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.91  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   111  2496    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.89  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
59   1   112  2190    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.56  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   113  1893    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.62  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
59   1   114  1693    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.15  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   115  1493    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.53  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   116  1293    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.76  0      ~~~~~~~~
59   1   117  1094    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.04  0      ~~~~~~~2
59   1   118  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.51  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
59   1   119  891     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.48  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
59   1   120  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.53  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
59   1   121  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.53  0      ~~~~~~~~
59   1   122  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      32.63  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
59   1   123  493     .   .   .   .    .     .      25.63  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   101  4539    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.61  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
61   1   102  4400    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.25  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
61   1   103  4298    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.77  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
61   1   104  3997    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.72  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   105  3695    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.1   0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   106  3396    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.85  0.43   ~~~~~~33
61   1   107  3095    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.92  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   108  2795    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.75  0      ~~~~~~~~
61   1   109  2498    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.55  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
61   1   110  2191    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.84  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   111  1988    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.56  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   112  1792    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.57  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   113  1595    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.74  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   114  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.01  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   115  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.92  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   116  1091    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.07  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.16  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   118  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.5   0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   119  792     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.2   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
61   1   120  690     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   121  591     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.65  0      ~~~~~~~2
61   1   122  496     .   .   .   .    .     .      27.12  0      ~~~~~~~2
62   1   101  5148    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.29  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   102  4799    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.35  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   103  4499    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.25  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   104  4199    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.79  0      ~~~~~~~2
62   1   105  3898    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.93  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   106  3598    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.55  0.22   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   107  3297    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.09  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   108  2996    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.07  0      ~~~~~~~2
62   1   109  2696    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.51  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
62   1   110  2393    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.01  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   111  2095    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.96  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   112  1790    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.11  0      ~~~~~~~2
62   1   113  1591    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.79  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   114  1390    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.17  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   115  1194    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.15  0      ~~~~~~~2
62   1   116  990     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.3   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   117  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.55  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   118  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.07  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   119  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.41  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   120  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.78  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
62   1   121  494     .   .   .   .    .     .      24.52  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   101  5497    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.42  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   102  5401    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.32  0      ~~~~~~~2
63   1   103  5096    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.16  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   104  4796    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.72  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   105  4399    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.82  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   106  3998    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.13  0.25   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   107  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.94  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   108  3197    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.84  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   109  2896    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.03  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   110  2597    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.97  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   111  2293    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.22  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   112  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.25  0      ~~~~~~~2
63   1   113  1696    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.96  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   114  1392    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.98  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   115  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.34  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   116  998     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.71  0      ~~~~~~~2
63   1   117  897     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.51  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   118  796     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.9   0.1    ~~~~~~~3
63   1   119  698     .   .   .   .    .     .      31.14  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
63   1   120  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      23.99  0      ~~~~~~~2
63   1   121  495     .   .   .   .    .     .      18.93  0      ~~~~~~~~
64   1   102  4298    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.21  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   103  3999    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.41  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   104  3700    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.78  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   105  3397    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.09  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   106  3095    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   107  2793    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.3   0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   108  2495    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.84  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   109  2192    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.92  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
64   1   110  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.24  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   111  1792    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.66  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   112  1593    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.99  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   113  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.1   0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   114  1292    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.95  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
64   1   115  1194    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.68  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
64   1   116  1091    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.7   0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   117  991     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.99  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
64   1   118  885     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.82  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
64   1   119  790     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.62  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
64   1   120  686     .   .   .   .    .     .      28.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   121  589     .   .   .   .    .     .      21.66  0      ~~~~~~~2
64   1   122  494     .   .   .   .    .     .      15.18  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   101  5541    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.4   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   102  5297    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.17  0      ~~~~~~~2
65   1   103  5099    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.7   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   104  4799    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.29  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   105  4499    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.43  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   106  4199    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
65   1   107  3899    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.42  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   108  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.31  0      ~~~~~~~2
65   1   109  3297    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.51  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   110  2998    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.07  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   111  2698    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.36  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   112  2396    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.63  0      ~~~~~~~2
65   1   113  2096    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.03  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   114  1795    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.33  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
65   1   115  1593    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.86  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
65   1   116  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.34  0      ~~~~~~~2
65   1   117  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      40.56  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   118  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.86  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   119  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.5   0.11   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   120  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.56  0      ~~~~~~~2
65   1   121  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      29.02  0      ~~~~~~~2
65   1   122  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      23.27  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
65   1   123  494     .   .   .   .    .     .      16.9   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   101  5112    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.17  0.18   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   102  4900    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.34  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   103  4699    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.43  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   104  4400    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.15  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
66   1   105  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.04  0.23   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   106  3797    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.25  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   107  3498    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.43  0.15   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   108  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.09  0      ~~~~~~~2
66   1   109  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
66   1   110  2595    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.95  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
66   1   111  2292    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.2   0.15   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   112  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.36  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   113  1695    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.53  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   114  1493    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.3   0.18   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   115  1292    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.96  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   116  1192    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.29  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   117  1095    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.63  0.21   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   118  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.52  0.19   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   119  895     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.1   0.17   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   120  792     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.5   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   121  695     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.44  0      ~~~~~~~2
66   1   122  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.22  0.24   ~~~~~~~3
66   1   123  496     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.33  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   101  5317    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.24  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   102  4899    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.85  0      ~~~~~~~~
67   1   103  4598    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   104  4299    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.03  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   105  3999    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.91  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   106  3699    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.35  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   107  3396    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.38  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   108  3094    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.31  0      ~~~~~~~~
67   1   109  2794    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.37  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   110  2596    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.44  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   111  2379    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.7   0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   112  2193    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.6   0      ~~~~~~~~
67   1   113  1899    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.71  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   114  1689    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.01  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   115  1492    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.99  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   116  1291    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.77  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   117  1121    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.23  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   118  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.99  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   119  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.86  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   120  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.67  0      ~~~~~~~2
67   1   121  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.12  0      ~~~~~~~~
67   1   122  593     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.2   0.09   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   123  495     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.25  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
67   1   124  400                            2.46                 ~~~~~2~~
67   1   125  345                            2.23                 ~~~~~2~~
68   1   101  4753    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.38  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   102  4498    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.31  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   103  4298    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.9   0.09   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   104  3998    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.95  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   105  3699    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.52  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   106  3396    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.39  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   107  3096    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.49  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
68   1   108  2796    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.24  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   109  2491    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.11  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   110  2194    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.19  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   111  1992    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.37  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   112  1792    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.08  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   113  1593    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.69  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   114  1394    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.71  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   115  1290    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.94  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   116  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.7   0.09   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   117  1094    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.93  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
68   1   118  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.82  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   119  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.72  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   120  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.88  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   121  692     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
68   1   122  592     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.88  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
68   1   123  493     .   .   .   .    .     .      32.62  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   101  5139    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.29  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   102  4899    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.19  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   103  4701    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.33  0.14   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   104  4375    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.95  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   105  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.18  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   106  3797    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.82  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
69   1   107  3497    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.86  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   108  3195    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.33  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   109  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.42  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   110  2596    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.7   0      ~~~~~~~2
69   1   111  2293    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.6   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   112  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.65  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   113  1694    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.97  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   114  1492    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.11  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
69   1   115  1294    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.68  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   116  1189    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.64  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   117  1092    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.66  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   118  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.57  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   119  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.18  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   120  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.34  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   121  692     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.91  0      ~~~~~~~2
69   1   122  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.72  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
69   1   123  496     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.73  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   101  5262    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.49  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   102  4899    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.96  0      ~~~~~~~2
70   1   103  4598    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.69  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   104  4299    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.33  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   105  3998    .   .   .   .    .     .      35     0.09   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   106  3698    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.44  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   107  3396    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.23  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   108  3095    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.26  0      ~~~~~~~2
70   1   109  2794    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.12  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   110  2493    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.53  0      ~~~~~~~2
70   1   111  2191    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.79  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   112  1890    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.92  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   113  1692    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.53  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   114  1493    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.5   0.12   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   115  1293    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.69  0.13   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   116  1092    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.36  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
70   1   117  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.74  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   118  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.28  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   119  795     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.85  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   120  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      39.04  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
70   1   121  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.44  0      ~~~~~~~2
70   1   122  495     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.72  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   101  4939    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   102  4796    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   103  4497    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.84  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   104  4198    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.79  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   105  3894    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.08  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   106  3595    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.8   0.1    ~~~~~~~3
71   1   107  3294    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.07  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   108  2992    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   109  2693    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.62  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   110  2391    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.84  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   111  2089    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   112  1790    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   113  1490    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.81  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   114  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.93  0      ~~~~~~~2
71   1   115  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.61  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   116  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.45  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   117  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.34  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
71   1   118  691     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.8   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   119  591     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.21  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
71   1   120  492     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.69  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
72   1   101  4486    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   102  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.9   0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   103  3797    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.35  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   104  3497    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.42  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   105  3195    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.55  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
72   1   106  2894    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.13  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
72   1   107  2594    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.42  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
72   1   108  2292    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   109  1992    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.98  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   110  1692    .   .   .   .    .     .      39.61  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   112  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.38  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   114  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.89  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   116  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.42  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
72   1   117  894     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.22  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
72   1   118  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.31  0      ~~~~~~~2
72   1   119  695     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.12  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
72   1   120  595     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.87  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   101  4278    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   102  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.01  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   103  3797    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.01  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   104  3498    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   105  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.42  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   106  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   107  2594    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.49  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   108  2294    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.87  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   109  1992    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.93  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
73   1   110  1692    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.05  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   112  1190    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
73   1   114  890     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.04  0      ~~~~~~~2
73   1   116  691     .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
73   1   117  590     .   .   .   .    .     .      38.69  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   101  4225    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.04  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   102  3898    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   103  3595    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   104  3297    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.07  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   105  2994    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.8   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   106  2695    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   107  2394    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.63  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   108  2193    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   109  1993    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.13  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   110  1790    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.73  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   112  1490    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.17  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   114  1294    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.3   0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   116  1092    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.75  0.11   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   117  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.65  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   118  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.9   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   119  792     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.14  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
74   1   120  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.22  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   121  593     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.88  0      ~~~~~~~2
74   1   122  495     .   .   .   .    .     .      30.42  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   101  4308    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.83  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   102  4098    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.49  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   103  3796    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.45  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   104  3499    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.11  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   105  3197    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.54  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   106  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   107  2593    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   108  2293    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.2   0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   109  1994    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.5   0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   110  1692    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.29  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   112  1292    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   114  1293    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
75   1   116  1093    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.08  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   118  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.07  0      ~~~~~~~2
75   1   119  795     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.3   0      ~~~~~~~2
76   1   109  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.82  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
76   1   110  1692    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.68  0      ~~~~~~~2
76   1   112  1394    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.39  0      ~~~~~~~2
76   1   114  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.72  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
76   1   116  995     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.41  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
76   1   117  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.52  0      ~~~~~~~2
76   1   118  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.04  0      ~~~~~~~2
76   1   119  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.25  0      ~~~~~~~2
76   1   120  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      30.95  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   101  4423    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.57  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   102  4096    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.57  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   103  3795    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.27  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   104  3496    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.77  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   105  3193    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   106  2892    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.04  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   107  2592    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.41  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   108  2290    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   109  2086    .   .   .   .  123.04.        38.04  0      ~~~~3~~2
77   1   110  1793    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.9   0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   112  1491    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.73  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   114  1293    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.31  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   116  1097    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.71  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.12  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
77   1   118  891     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
77   1   119  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.94  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   101  4429    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.76  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
78   1   102  4099    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.23  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   103  3797    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.54  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   104  3497    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.41  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   105  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.14  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   106  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.53  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
78   1   107  2594    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.19  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   108  2291    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.86  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   109  2093    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.19  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   110  1792    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.54  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   112  1492    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.23  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   114  1293    .   .   .   .    .     .      38.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   116  1092    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.49  0      ~~~~~~~2
78   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.81  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   103  3797    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.17  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   104  3497    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.88  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   105  3195    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.11  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   106  2895    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.47  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   107  2595    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.75  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   108  2294    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.01  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   109  1992    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.48  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
79   1   110  1793    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.82  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   112  1494    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.08  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
79   1   114  1294    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.65  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   116  1094    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.93  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
79   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.7   0.07   ~~~~~~~3
79   1   118  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
79   1   119  795     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.12  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   101  4483    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.12  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   102  4095    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.46  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   103  3797    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   104  3498    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.1   0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   105  3189    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.35  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   106  2896    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.1   0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   107  2594    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.53  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   108  2293    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.96  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   109  2093    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.95  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
80   1   110  1893    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.37  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   112  1591    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.04  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   114  1292    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.74  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   116  1093    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.79  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   117  993     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.49  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
80   1   118  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.14  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   119  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.06  0      ~~~~~~~2
80   1   120  698     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.02  0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   106  2997    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.6   0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   107  2695    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.39  0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   108  2395    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.59  0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   109  2095    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   110  1793    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.78  0      ~~~~~~~~
81   1   112  1492    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.54  0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   114  1293    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.95  0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   116  1095    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.1   0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   117  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.21  0      ~~~~~~~2
81   1   118  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.51  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   101  4519    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.58  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   102  4200    .   .   .   .    .     .      32.75  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   103  3899    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.83  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   104  3599    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.41  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   105  3297    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.85  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   106  2994    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.63  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   107  2696    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.01  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   108  2395    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.17  0      ~~~~~~~2
82   1   109  2094    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.36  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   101  3780    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.4   0.06   ~~~~~~~3
84   1   102  3597    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.59  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   103  3400    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.16  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   104  3196    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.78  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
84   1   105  2996    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.14  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   106  2793    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.18  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   107  2592    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.21  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   108  2395    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.14  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   109  2193    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.82  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   110  1993    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.95  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   112  1695    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.15  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   114  1394    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.55  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   116  1095    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   117  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      36.59  0      ~~~~~~~2
84   1   118  892     .   .   .   .    .     .      37.19  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   101  3286    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.13  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   102  3198    .   .   .   .    .     .      33.9   0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   103  2996    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.87  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   104  2793    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.81  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   105  2596    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.77  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   106  2393    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.97  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
85   1   107  2191    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.59  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   108  1997    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.95  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   109  1791    .   .   .   .   113    .      36.14  0      ~~~~~3~2
85   1   110  1591    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
85   1   112  1390    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.37  0      ~~~~~~~2
86   1   101  2221    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.09  0      ~~~~~~~2
86   1   102  2086    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.25  0      ~~~~~~~2
86   1   103  1996    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.81  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
86   1   104  1794    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.23  0      ~~~~~~~2
86   1   105  1593    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.38  0      ~~~~~~~~
86   1   106  1395    .   .   .   .    .     .      35     0.06   ~~~~~~~3
86   1   107  1193    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.16  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
86   1   108  1093    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.05  0      ~~~~~~~~
86   1   109  992     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.28  0      ~~~~~~~2
86   1   110  895     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.54  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
86   1   112  793     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.92  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
86   1   114  694     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.77  0.09   ~~~~~~~3
86   1   116  593     .   .   .   .    .     .      29.84  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
86   1   117  496     .   .   .   .    .     .      29.52  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   101  2388    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.92  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   102  2195    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.32  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   103  1995    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.41  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   104  1793    .   .   .   .    .     .      34.93  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   105  1591    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.34  0.06   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   106  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.63  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   107  1194    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.67  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   108  1093    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.09  0.1    ~~~~~~~3
87   1   109  994     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.97  0.12   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   110  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.88  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   112  794     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.23  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
87   1   114  695     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.25  0      ~~~~~~~2
87   1   116  594     .   .   .   .    .     .      31.17  0      ~~~~~~~2
87   1   117  495     .   .   .   .    .     2.24   28.8   0      ~~~~~2~2
88   1   104  1836    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.78  0      ~~~~~~~2
88   1   105  1701    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.64  0      ~~~~~~~2
88   1   106  1593    .   .   .   .    .     .      -9     -9     ~~~~~~~~
88   1   107  1393    .   .   .   .    .     .      37.07  0.08   ~~~~~~~3
88   1   108  1191    .   .   .   .    .     .      36.25  0      ~~~~~~~2
88   1   109  1091    .   .   .   .    .     .      35.97  0      ~~~~~~~2
88   1   110  991     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.62  0      ~~~~~~~2
88   1   112  893     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.57  0      ~~~~~~~2
88   1   114  790     .   .   .   .    .     .      33.68  0.07   ~~~~~~~3
88   1   116  693     .   .   .   .    .     .      35.29  0.17   ~~~~~~~3
88   1   117  591     .   .   .   .    .     .      34.37  0      ~~~~~~~2
88   1   118  492     .   .   .   .    .     .      31.51  0.06   ~~~~~~~3



G.5  FINAL CFC DATA QUALITY EVALUATION (DQE) COMMENTS ON P13.
     (David Wisegarver)
     Dec 2000

During the initial DQE review of the CFC data, a small number of samples were 
given QUALT2 flags which differed from the initial QUALT1 flags assigned by the 
PI. After discussion, the PI concurred with the DQE assigned flags and updated 
the QUAL1 flags for these samples.  

The CFC concentrations have been adjusted to the SIO98 calibration Scale (Prinn 
et al. 2000) so that all of the Pacific WOCE CFC data will be on a common 
calibration scale.  

For further information, comments or questions, please, contact the CFC PI for 
this section (J. Bullister, johnb@pmel.noaa.gov) or David Wisegarver 
(wise@pmel.noaa.gov).  Additional information on WOCE CFC synthesis may be 
available at: http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/cfc.  

******************************************************************************** 
Prinn, R. G., R. F. Weiss, P. J. Fraser, P. G. Simmonds, D. M. Cunnold, F. N. 
Alyea, S. O'Doherty, P. Salameh, B. R. Miller, J. Huang, R. H. J. Wang, D. E. 
Hartley, C. Harth, L. P. Steele, G. Sturrock, P. M. Midgley, and A. McCulloch, 
A history of chemically and radioactively important gases in air deduced from 
ALE/GAGE/AGAGE. Journal of Geophysical Research, 105, 17,751-17,792, 2000. 
********************************************************************************



H  WHPO DATA PROCESSING NOTES

DATE      CONTACT     DATA TYPE      DATA STATUS SUMMARY  
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
05/24/96  Aoyama      CTD            DQE Report rcvd @ WHPO

05/24/96  Aoyama      NUTs/S/O       DQE Report rcvd @ WHPO

06/16/97  Key         DELC14         Final Data Rcvd @ WHPO 
          I have just placed C-14 data and report for P13N into the WHPO 
          incoming directory. The data should be ok as is except that the 
          values have too many decimal places. 

          The data have been through qc and flags are in the data table.

          The final data report was sent in 2 formats: a postscript file a 
          FrameMaker mif file and all of the figures in compressed epsi format. 
          If you have FrameMaker, the mif + epsi files should be most useful, 
          otherwise, ps file.


08/15/97  Uribe       DOC            Submitted 
          2000.12.11 KJU File contained here is a CRUISE SUMMARY and NOT 
          sumfile. Documentation is online.

          2000.10.11 KJU Files were found in incoming directory under 
          whp_reports. This directory was zipped, files were separated and 
          placed under proper cruise. All of them are sum files. Received 1997 
          August 15th.


08/26/98  Bullister   BTL/NUTs       DQE Issues Unresolved
          There are still some issues for the P13 data set, especially related 
          to the nutrients. I've tried to contact the nutrient PI a number of 
          times over the past 18 months to resolve these, and so far received 
          no reply. I'll try again and get back to you (hopefully with a final 
          data set) in a couple of weeks.

09/28/98  Johnson     NUTs           DQE Report sent to PI
          We are withholding the P13 data because the nutrients are still not 
          revised following DQE

12/14/98  Key         DELC14         Data are Public "but not published"


01/11/99  Bullister   CTD/s/o/cfc    Data are Public 
          Tr/He data requested from Lupton/Jenkins c14 collected and sent to 
          AMS/WHOI. Checking w/ Quay re c14 data status

04/16/99  Jenkins     He/Tr          Projected Submission Date 1999.05.15

04/29/99  Quay        DELC13         Data and/or Status info Requested by dmb

08/16/99  Bullister   SUM            Data Update
          I just ftp'd revised P13.sea and P13.sum files to the WHPO site. The 
          salinity, nutrient and oxygen groups have gone over the DQE comments 
          (made by Michio Aoyama) and made most of the suggested changes in the 
          revised version. We have also gone over the CFC data and made some 
          revisions. 

          You should have received a copy of the revised nutrient data and 
          document file directly from the nutrient group (University of South 
          Florida, Kent Fanning and Howard Rutherford) a while ago.

          I have intentionally omitted the first five stations at the beginning 
          if the expedition (stations 1-5). These were test casts made on the 
          transit to the start of the P13 section. The locations of Sta 1-5 are 
          still included in the P13.sum file.

          We had a lot of PDR problems on this cruise, and some uncorrected 
          depth values are missing from the .sum file. If UNC DEPTH values are 
          unavailable for either the beginning, bottom or end (BE,BO,EN) of a 
          cast, can the available values from the cast be used to fill in the 
          missing slot(s)?  There are 4 stations (28,48,53,61) where no UNC 
          depths are available for BE, BO or EN. Should these be: 

          a.) left blank? 
          b.) filled in with estimated values from a bathymetric chart or other 
              source? 
          c.) interpolated from adjacent stations? 
          d.) other options?

          There were 2 legs to this cruise, separated by a port stop in 
          Kwajalein. I noticed that the cruise is broken into 2 sets of files 
          (p13a and p13b) at the WHPO site. Unless there are compelling 
          reasons, I would prefer if the data from the 2 legs were not split 
          up.

          We would welcome Michio Aoyama (or other DQE) going over the 
          revised file and checking that we have responded satisfactorily to 
          any problems in the original files, and adding appropriate DQE flags 
          go the revised version.

10/21/99  Evans       Helium Deep    Data are Public
          All of the data sets I submitted recently (the ones with comma 
          delimiters between data fields) can be considered to be public.

11/15/99  Anderson    NUTs           Data Update 
          NO2 Reprocessing Notes  follow on the reprocessing of the NO2 
          data from the P13 cruise. 

          The original DQE work clearly recognized and addressed the problems 
          with the nutrient data set from Cruise P13. Relevant to the nitrite 
          and nitrate data processing, let me reiterate some of these comments: 
          "The...nitrate profiles look very noisy and varying both layer by 
          layer and station by station especially among the first half of the 
          stations." (page 2). "DQE observes that the nitrite concentrations in 
          the deeper layers at entire stations are unreasonably high and show 
          unreliable values up to 0.4 µmol/kg even at deeper layers....this 0.4 
          µmol/kg of nitrite correspond 1% of the nitrate concentrations there 
          and obviously affect the precision of the nitrate analyses...DQE, 
          then, thinks that we can not ignore these high nitrite 
          concentrations." (page 2). 

          Continuing page 2 and on page 3 of the report, the problems and two 
          possible reasons for these problems are discussed. 

          In response, the data originator reviewed the "deep" nitrite data. 
          Reprocessing has been done; the revised data listing incorporates the 
          following: 1. all nitrite values of 0.05 or less have been changed to 
          0.00, 2. the Q1 flag for these values has been changed from 3 to 2 if 
          not originally flagged 2, 3. the number in the nitrate column is now 
          the nitrate + nitrite value, in other words, the value calculated 
          from the nitrate channel is tabulated with no correction for the 
          value calculated from the nitrite channel. 4. for nitrite values 
          greater than 0.05µmoles/kg, the nitrite value is shown in the data 
          listing and is flagged 3 5. as in the original data listing the 
          corresponding nitrate value has been corrected for the "high" nitrite 
          value. 6. in the case of nitrite values exceeding 0.28 µmol/kg, the 
          nitrate value has been flagged 3.

          I have some concerns about the reprocessed data. 1. the DQE gave an 
          example (page 3) which indicated that at station 61, the high nitrite 
          value (0.43 µmol/kg) shouldn't be subtracted from the nitrate channel 
          calculation before listing the corrected nitrate value. Examining the 
          nitrate versus db curve and the phosphate/nitrate relationship in the 
          deeper water column are excellent ways of evaluating the "goodness" 
          of a particularly nitrate value. This doesn't seem to have been done 
          on the 13 stations where high nitrite values occurred. This would not 
          have taken very much time and certainly would have been helpful in 
          evaluating all "high" deep nitrite data and in turn the corresponding 
          nitrate value.  I plotted the nitrate and phosphate data from Table 2 
          for station 61. The uncorrected nitrate value at 3396 db fits better 
          on the N03-db curve than the corrected value and the corrected value 
          definitely falls below the PO4/NO3 curve for this station. In this 
          case, the high nitrite value clearly shows a problem with the nitrite 
          channel and not a general sample contamination problem. 2. based on 
          measurements of duplicates, the data originator chose a detection 
          limit of 0.05 µmol/kg for nitrite and 0.28 for nitrate. These 
          relatively large values indicate problems with both analyses. Full 
          span for the nitrite channel is generally set at ~2.  An absorbance 
          difference of ~0.025 with a factor of ~2 gives a nitrite value of 
          0.05 µmol/kg. An absorbance of 0.025 or even 0.0125 (1 std. dev.) is 
          significantly different than zero.  If 0.05 is taken as being 
          equivalent to zero, why aren't all nitrite values decreased by 0.05 
          before being subtracted from the results of the nitrate channel 
          computation? Why make the treatment of the nitrite data concentration 
          dependent? I believe it is critical that data be handled 
          consistently. This certainly has not been done with the revised 
          nitrite data set.

11/16/99  Fanning     NUTs           DQE Issues Unresolved 
          Clarification requested by dmb regarding the revised nutrient data 
          for the WOCE P13 cruise (Aug-Oct, 1992; Chief Sci was John Bullister) 
          that was sent to the WHPO on Feb 23, 1999. There were a few 
          discrepancies between the reprocessed data and the updated bottle 
          file from the Chief Scientist. Upon closer look at the revised 
          nutrient values by our in-house DQE, some concerns were generated. 
          Can you please review the attached file from the DQE and comment on 
          his concerns and/or questions. We want make sure there aren't any 
          uncertainties remaining regarding the nutrient data and that we get 
          the correct values and quality flags into the bottle file. 

11/16/99  Kozyr       ALKALI/TCARBN  Final Data Rcvd @ WHPO DQE Complete

02/23/00  Bartolacci  CO2            Data Merged into BTL file
          * obtained p13 bottle files from WHPO. Two files were obtained 
              (p13ahy.txt, p13bhy.txt). 
          * both files had same station numbers and header lines. Ran a diff on 
              them with no results (exited with no differences). 
          * Only one CO2 file sent for p13 from Alex Kozyr to WHPO on 
              2000.02.04. File contains TCARBN and ALKALI with associated 
              quality bytes. 
          * Used David Newton's fortran merging code mrgsea for merging. 
          * As per WHPO sumfiles for p13_a and p13_b were appended together. 
          * Changed blackslash to underscore in expocode. 
          * Ran sumchk with no errors.

          * Since both files were the same, I used p13a as the representative 
              bottle file and merged on that file. Ran wocecvt on final merged 
              bottle file(p13mrgout2.txt). Error from wocecvt resulted from 
              first five (test) stations being left in the sumfile. These 
              stations were removed from the bottle files as test stations at 
              the request of John Bullister, the Chief Sci. However since there 
              are data in the first five stations, this will be clarified with 
              Bullister (at the request of Jim Swift and Steve Diggs). Final 
              file containing first five stations is p13_co2_hy.txt, file w/o 
              stations 1-5 is _co2_edt_hy.txt.

          No other errors reported.

02/25/00  Bartolacci  BTL/CO2        Data Update
          P13 data files have been appended to one file as per John Bullister 
          (Nov. 1999). The first five stations were test stations and have been 
          removed at his request. CO2 data have been merged into the bottle 
          file.

          The old directory structure has been consolidated into one entry for 
          both legs. All files and tables have been edited to reflect the 
          change in file structure and the CO2 addition.

04/13/00  Evans       HELIUM/DELHE3  Submitted for DQE
          I just ftp'd 4 files to your /INCOMING directory i8nwoce.csv  
          p13woce.csv  p16cwoce.csv  p19cwoce.csv ... of the same form as 
          before, comma delimited columns of station, cast, bottle, %delta He3, 
          delta He3 data flag, molal [He], [He] data flag.

04/14/00  Key         DELC14         Data are Public
          As of 3/2000 the 2 year clock expired on the last of the Pacific 
          Ocean C14 data (P10). All Pacific Ocean WOCE C-14 data should be made 
          public.

04/19/00  Bartolacci  DELC14         Website Updated
          P13  Changed to indicate data are at WHPO but not in WOCE format 
          (RAW) and therefore not yet merged.

06/12/00  McNichol    DELC13         Submitted for DQE
          I have just uploaded the file p13sbmt2.csv to your ftp site. It 
          contains the following fields in a comma-delimited file: LabID, 
          Trackline, Station, cast, niskin, del13C, QC

          **** Please tell me if this file and its format are acceptable to your 
          office and I will start sending the remaining Pacific 13C data 
          files.

          **** The LabID is to distinguish between the two laboratories where 
          the majority of the measurements were made--University of Washington 
          and NOSAMS, WHOI.

          I have another file associated with this one which contains 
          descriptions of the samples flagged with a "6". Do you have an 
          appropriate location for this file or should I keep it?

07/05/00  McNichol    DELC13         Submitted

09/25/00  Anfuso      BTL            BTL file resubmitted
          Bullister submitted an updated version of the bottle file 
          (original/1999.08.16_P13_SEA_SUM_BULLISTER/P13.sea). This version did 
          not have rawCTD data. Had to pull rawCTD data, CFC113 data, and CCL4 
          data out of the outdated version of the bottle file and reformat to 
          merge into updated bottle file. Done - 2000.09.26 SRA.

          Related files data files are in the MERGED_DATA subdir: 
          P13.sea_edt.dat - pressure sorted bottle data file from Bullister 
          (1999.08.16) CFC113.dat   - CFC113 data pulled out of outdated bottle 
          file; re-merged into new btl file CCL4.dat    - CCL4 data pulled out 
          of outdated bottle file; re-merged into new btl file

          Merged TCARB/ALKALI data from Kozyr into updated btl file: 
          2000.02.04_P13_CO2_KOZYR/p13carb.txt ---> reformatted and edited. 
          These data are slightly different than the TCARB/ALKALI data that 
          came in the bottle data file submitted as an updated by Bullister 
          (mostly flag changes). Overwrote existing data with this data from 
          Kozyr.

          Merged [He]/delHe from Evans into updated btl file: 
          2000.04.13_P13_HE_DELHE_EVANS/p13woce.csv.txt ---> reformatted and 
          edited (p13woce_csv_edt.txt). Missing data fields were white space, 
          edited into -9. Extracted delhel and delher data from btl file after 
          merge, reformatted missing data to -999.0 (was -9.00); also, some 
          missing data flags were '1', others were '9'...don't know why, 
          couldn't make any correlation. Changed all missing data flags to '9'. 
          **Note : no tritium data to merge on this cruise?**

          Merged DelC13 data from McNichol into updated btl file: 
          2000.06.12_P13_C13_McNICHOL/p13submt2.csv ---> reformatted and 
          edited (p13_delc13_edt.dat). This file needed to be opened in 
          MSWord, and saved as 'text only w/ line breaks'. Had to edit sample 
          numbers.

          Merged C14, extracted from updated Bullister btl file and reformatted 
          so missing values were -999.0 (not -9.00). Re-merged with existing 
          bottle data flags.

          Did not remerge NUTRIENTS. Data values in updated Bullister file are 
          same as the resent values from Fanning's group, 
          1999.02.23_Nitrat_Phspht_P13/p13fla~1.txt. The Bullister nutrient 
          data seems to be better because many of the flags on the questionable 
          data (samples that were resubmitted by Fanning's group per DQE 
          request) are at set at '3', where the Fanning data has many flags set 
          as "~"....not sure what to make of this, but suspect it is better to 
          post the nutrient data that came with the updated Bullister hyd file. 
          Also, 00_README in 1999.08.16_P13_SEA_SUM_BULLISTER states that 
          nutrient data is updated in this version of the hyd file. **NOTE** Do 
          we want to mask these values as they are suspect, per DQE? YES - per 
          conversation with sd. Masked only suspicious parameters, nitrate and 
          nitrite. No comments made regarding problems with phosphate and 
          silicate - these parameters not masked.

          The complete hyd file is p13hy.txt in the *REMERGE dir. NO3 and NO2 
          will be masked out in the on-line version.

09/28/00  Anfuso      BTL            Comments concerning resubmitted file
          The values in the updated Bullister hyd file and the p13fla~1.txt 
          (revised data sent by Fanning's group) are the same, but flags are 
          different. I think it is best to go with the flags in Bullister's 
          file, and NOT remerge the data. In many cases, Bullister's file flags 
          the revised data (problematic per DQE comments) as '3', where Fanning 
          has flagged these data as '2' or "~". Not sure what to make of the 
          flag ~. Feel most comfortable staying with the Bullister flags (3). 
          Also, per DQE comments on the revised data set, these data still have 
          outstanding problems regarding overall data processing methodology.

           Data and flags not re-merged.

09/28/00  Jenkins     He/Tr          No Data Submitted 
          shallow He/Tr still missing conclusion of meeting w/ L. Talley

09/29/00  McNichol    DELC13         Data are Public
          All the Pacific data (most of which I still need to send you) is 
          public.  I should be sending you a pile of data next month.

          Also, if the future, if you have a question that you need answered 
          immediately, the best person to get in contact with besides me is 
          Dana Stuart. Her contact info is dstuart@whoi.edu

10/02/00  Anfuso      SUM            .sum file from Bullister online.

10/03/00  Anfuso      DELC13         Data Merged into BTL file
          Bottle: (silcat, nitrat, nitrit, phspht, delc13, c13err)

          NO3 and NO2 data in the on-line hyd file have been masked pending 
          review by nutrient PI. DQE reports concerns regarding the quality of 
          these data. Phosphate and silicate data are from the updated 
          Bullister hyd file; these data have not been re-merged (see comments 
          in original subdir *REMERGE for further detail). Regarding delC13 
          data, A. McNichol confirmed these data are public; data unmasked. 
          10/3/00 Anfuso NO2/NO3 Data Update See Note: Bottle: (silcat, nitrat, 
          nitrit, phspht, delc13, c13err)

          NO3 and NO2 data in the on-line hyd file have been masked pending 
          review by nutrient PI. DQE reports concerns regarding the quality of 
          these data. Phosphate and silicate data are from the updated 
          Bullister hyd file; these data have not been re-merged (see comments 
          in original subdir *REMERGE for further detail). Regarding delC13 
          data, A. McNichol confirmed these data are public; data unmasked. 
          10/3/00 Anfuso CFCs/He/CO2 Website Updated Data merged into online 
          file Bottle: (ctdraw, cfc113, ccl4, helium, delhe3, delc14, delc13, 
          tcarbn, alkali, helier, delher, c14err, c13err)  REMERGED various 
          parameters into updated hyd file sent by Bullister. DelC13 data has 
          been masked until A. McNichol confirms the data are public. Hyd file 
          from Bullister didn't contain CTDRAW data; these were extracted from 
          outdated hyd file and merged into updated hyd file.

10/17/00  Jenkins     TRITUM         Preliminary data submitted
          *Files for Tritium Data: 
               WOCE Indian Ocean = WITrit.dat  Contains all legs
               WOCE Pacific P10  = WP10Trit.dat
               WOCE Pacific P13  = WP13Trit.dat
               WOCE Pacific P14c = WP14cTrit.dat
               WOCE Pacific P18  = WP18Trit.dat
               WOCE Pacific P19  = WP19Trit.dat
               WOCE Pacific P21  = WP21Trit.dat     
               SAVE South Atlnt  = SAVETrit.dat
          *Column Layout as follows: Station, Cast, Bottle, Pressure, Tritium, 
               ErrTritium
          *Units as follows: Tritium and ErrTritium in T.U.
          *All data are unfortunately still preliminary until we have completed 
               the laboratory intercomparision and intercalibration that is 
               still underway.

11/08/00  Anderson    Helium/Neon    Reformatted by WHPO
          I have put the Jenkins helium and neon in WOCE format. There were no 
          quality codes so I set the HELIUM, DELHE3, and NEON to 2.

          The Indian data was in one big file.  I separated it into separate 
          files for each line and also left it in one big file.

11/13/00  Anderson    TRITUM         Reformatted by WHPO
          I have put the Jenkins tritium data into WOCE format. There were no 
          quality codes so I set the TRITUM to 2.

02/26/01  Jenkins     TRITUM DEEP    Data are Public 
          may require minor revisions It was brought to my attention that the 
          WOCE PaciÞc/Indian He-Tr data was not as yet made public. After 
          submitting it to you last year, I had intended on going through it 
          one more time to ensure there were no problems with it. 
          Unfortunately, I have not had the time to do this. Is it possible, 
          therefore, to release it as public data, and if there are any 
          subsequent minor revisions, to make changes? I suspect there might be 
          a few samples in the set that might have got through our initial 
          quality control.

05/03/01  Uribe       DOC            Updated txt version put online.

06/22/01  Uribe       CTD/BTL        CSV File Online 
          CTD and Bottle files in exchange format have been put online.

10/04/01  Muus        NUTs/CFC/SUM   Data Merged into BTL file 
          CFCs merged into BTL, CSV file updated, SUM updated July 2001 CFCs 
          merged into Sept 2000 bottle file containing all nutrients. See DQE 
          discussion in DOC for discussion of NO3 and No2 problems. Deleted Sta 
          60 Ca 1 BO entry in SUM file since missing position would not allow 
          conversion to exchange file.  New bottle, sum and exchange files now 
          on web. 

          Notes on P13 CFC merging Oct 4, 2001.   D. Muus

          1. New CFC-11 and CFC-12 from: /usr/export/html- 
             public/data/onetime/pacific/p13/p13/original/2001.07.09_CFC_UPDT_
             WISEGARVER_P13/20010709.172534_WISEGARVER_P13/20010709.172534_
             WISEG ARVER_P13_p13_CFC_DQE.dat 

             merged into SEA file prepared by Stacey Anfuso containing 
             questioned nitrates and nitrates. (20000928WHPOSIOSRA) No changes 
             to Sept 2000 nutrients were made. SEE DQE documentation.  

             Nitrate and Nitrite from:    
             /usr/export/html- public/data/onetime/pacific/p13/p13/original/ 
             1999.02.23_Nitrat_Phs pht_P13/p13fla~1.txt

             All "1"s in QUALT1 changed to "9"s and QUALT2 replaced by new 
             QUALT1 prior to merging. 

          2. SUMMARY file had no position for Station 60, Cast 1 BO. No data in 
             Bottle file. Deleted BO line and left BE and EN lines in place to 
             allow conversion to exchange format.

          3. Exchange file checked using Java Ocean Atlas.

