(NB) All figures are available in the PDF version.
Last Updated 2001.07.13


A.1                     WHP CRUISE SUMMARY INFORMATION

WOCE section designation                    I03
Expedition designation (EXPOCODE)           316N145_8
Chief Scientist(s) and their affiliation:   Worth D. Nowlin, Jr./TAMU
Dates:                                      1995.04.23 - 1995.06.05
Ship:                                       R/V KNORR
Ports of call:                              Fremantle, Australia; 
                                            Port Louis, Mauritius
Number of stations:                         120
                                                      19° 58.77' S
Geographic boundaries of the stations:      48° 55' E              113° 45.59' E
                                                      28° 13.96' S
Floats and drifters deployed:               28 ALACEs
Moorings deployed or recovered:             20
	
Contributing Authors:                       Barrie Walden
                                            Mike Kosro
	
	

                        WHP CRUISE AND DATA OUTLINE

Cruise Summary Information                  Hydrographic Measurements
	
Description of scientific program           CTD - general
                                            CTD - pressure
Geographic boundaries of the survey         CTD - temperature
Cruise track (figure)                       CTD - conductivity/salinity
Description of stations                     CTD - dissolved oxygen
Description of parameters sampled
Bottle depth distributions (figure)         Salinity
Floats and drifters deployed                Oxygen
Moorings deployed or recovered              Nutrients
Principal Investigators                     CFCs Helium
for all measurements                        Tritium
Cruise Participants                         Radiocarbon
Problems and goals not achieved             CO2 system parameters
Other incidents of note                     Other parameters
	
Underway Data Information                   Acknowledgments
Navigation                                  References
Bathymetry	
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP)    DQE Reports
Thermosalinograph and related measurements	
XBT and/or XCTD                               CTD
Meteorological observations                   S/O2/nutrients
Atmospheric chemistry data                    CFCs
                                              14C
Data Status Notes


A.2    Cruise Summary Information

A.2.a  Geographic boundaries

A.2.b  Stations Occupied

SUMMARY INFORMATION 
120 full CTD/rosette stations were made (numbers 443-462), including 
one test station (443). Eleven CTD stations were made (563-573) with 
lowered ADCP and transmissometer measurements and samples 
analyzed for dissolved oxygen and salt only. Depths sampled are 
described in a later section. Parameters measured or for which samples 
were taken are given in the station summary (-.SUM) file.

A.2.c  Floats and Drifters Deployed

Table 1 gives the positions and dates of deployments of the 28 ALACEs, 
with instrument serial numbers and numbers of CTD stations where 
deployed.

S/N  Deployment Date  Latitude (S)  Longitude (E)  CTD Station
--------------------------------------------------------------
485    27 04 1995       22 00.00      112 22.88       450
486    28 04 1995       21 09.09      110 09.25       454
482    29 04 1995       20 00.19      106 37.00       459
481    01 05 1995       20 00.02      103 06.79       463
480    02 05 1995       20 00.08      100 27.86       466
479    03 05 1995       20 00.07       96 57.05       470
483    04 05 1995       20 00.22       94 18.11       473
484    05 05 1995       20 00.49       91 19.52       478
494    08 05 1995       20 00.03       88 30.80       484
493    08 05 1995       20 00.14       86 53.91       488
492    09 05 1995       19 59.91       85 17.93       491
491    10 05 1995       19 59.93       82 44.02       495
497    11 05 1995       20 00.06       79 48.75       499
496    13 05 1995       20 00.03       76 54.49       503
458    17 05 1995       20 00.19       74 10.26       507
489    18 05 1995       20 00.14       71 15.07       513
490    19 05 1995       19 59.99       68 13.11       519
385    20 05 1995       20 00.09       65 26.14       524
386    22 05 1995       20 22.13       62 14.69       530
487    23 05 1995       20 21.97       59 13.57       535
488    28 05 1995       20 00.07       56 05.09       545
469    29 05 1995       20 00.09       53 19.62       550
468    30 05 1995       20 00.267      52 15.922      552
321    31 05 1995       20 00.01       51 17.90       554
476    31 05 1995       20 00.20       50 35.84       556
431    01 06 1995       20 00.16       50 04.03       557
478    01 06 1995       20 00.04       49 38.08       558
477    01 06 1995       20 00.12       49 23.33       559


A.2.d  Moorings deployed or recovered

Twenty moorings were deployed in three arrays with a total of 60 current 
meters. Mooring positions are included in the station summary file.


A.3    List of Principal Investigators

ODF Operations

1) Water sampling package (Rosette and CTD)
2) CTD data acquisition system
3) CTD data Processing
4) Bathymetry acquisition and merging
5) Bottle sampling
6) Salinity analysis
7) Oxygen analysis
8) Nutrient analysis

Analysis                     Institution  Principal Investigator
----------------------------------------------------------------
CFC                          SIO          Ray Weiss
Shallow He/Tr                WHOI         Bill Jenkins
Deep He/Tr                   LDEO         Peter Schlosser
AMS 14C and Ra-228           Princeton    Robert Key
TCO2 & Alkalinity            Miami        Frank Millero
TCO2                         SIO          Charles Keeling
Barium                       OSU          Kelly Falkner
Current Meters and Moorings  TAMU         Worth Nowlin
Moorings                     TAMU         Tom Whitworth
                             WHOI         Bruce Warren
                             OSU          Dale Pillsbury
Transmissometer              TAMU         Wilf Gardner

Underway measurements
ADCP and LADCP               OSU          Mike Kosro
PCO2                         Princeton    Robert Key
Air chemistry                SIO          Ray Weiss
Meteorology (IMET)           WHOI	
Thermosalinograph            WHOI	
ALACE floats                 SIO          Russ Davis


A.4  Scientific Programme and Methods

A.4  Scientific Programme and Methods

WOCE Hydrographic Program section I03 and the deployment phase of 
WOCE current meter project ICM3 were carried out aboard the R/V 
KNORR (call sign KCEJ) on voyage 145_8. This voyage began in 
Fremantle, Australia on 23 April 1995 and ended in port Louis, Mauritius 
on 5 June 1995 with one intermediate call in Port Louis from 25 to 28 May. 
Worth D. Nowlin, Jr. was chief scientist for the voyage.

NARRATIVE 
The scientific activities on this voyage were carried out along or near 20 S 
from Australia to Mauritius to Madagascar. The CTD/rosette stations 
occupied included the WOCE suite of measurements, as described later, 
as well as lowered transmissometer and ADCP measurements and 
sampling for the U.S. Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide program 
and for barium samples. 

Leaving Fremantle, a test CTD/rosette station was made off the west 
coast of Australia near 28 S. The cruise then proceeded to the 200-m 
isobath near 22 S where CTD/rosette stations were made along a line to 
the west-northwest to 20 S and approximately 108 E. The first seven of 
those stations bracketed the six Australian moorings of WOCE ICM6 
which were in place at the time. 

The cruise then proceeded westward along 20 S crossing the West 
Australian Basin, Ninetyeast Ridge, Central Indian Basin, and Central 
Indian Ridge. West of the latter, the track veered southward to 22 S 
around Rodriguez Island to maintain a deep water cruise path to the east 
coast of Mauritius. 

Along the eastern flank of the Ninetyeast Ridge, seven moorings of ICM3 
were deployed. The deployments were interspersed with CTD/rosette 
stations. On the eastern flank of the Central Indian Ridge another seven 
moorings were deployed. These moorings were deployed first, and then 
CTD/rosette stations were made between them from east to west.

Leaving Port Louis, Mauritius, where a 2-day port call was made, 
CTD/rosette stations continued westward along 20 S from the continental 
shelf of Mauritius to that of Madagascar. Six moorings of ICM3 were 
deployed at the western boundary of the Mascarene Basin, between 
CTD/rosette stations.

On reaching the eastern shelf of Madagascar, eleven CTD stations with 
lowered ADCP were made at the locations of earlier CTD/rosette stations 
bracketing the current meter deployments. 

Twenty-eight Autonomous Lagrangian Circulation Explorers (ALACEs) 
were deployed along the cruise track with special attention to the western 
boundary region east of Madagascar. An underway program of 
meteorological, sea surface, and ADCP measurements was carried out 
along the track described as well as on the eastward return to Port Louis 
at the end of the voyage.

Continuous southeasterly winds of about 10-20 knots along with 4-6 ft 
southeasterly swells were the usual conditions for the entire leg. The first 
and last portions of the cruise were calmer than the rest. Seas turned 
choppy and stronger winds up to 30 knots in mid-May. This condition 
moderated somewhat toward the end of the month. Skies were usually 
partly sunny and fair marked with occasional overcast conditions and an 
occasional rain squall.


A.5  Major Problems and Goals not Achieved


A.6  Other Incidents of Note

Approximately 12 hours after leaving Fremantle at the beginning of 
voyage 145_8, Rhonda Kelly suffered a burn to her eye caused by a basic 
solution used in dissolved oxygen analysis. She was treated by the ship's 
medic and returned to Fremantle for continuing medical attention. Kelly 
rejoined the voyage in Port Louis.

Early in the voyage one conductor grounded in a new CTD cable installed 
in Fremantle. The ground was approximately 3000 meters from drum. The 
cable proved serviceable using the remaining pair of conductors. The 
second cable on the vessel was old with one broken outer strand about 
3945 m from the bitter end. All conductors in that cable were serviceable, 
and it was used for the remainder of the cruise. This was because we 
experienced mild weather and wished to save the newer cable for future, 
perhaps worse, weather conditions. 



A.7  List of Cruise participants

Scientific Personnel

Name                  Title                  Affiliation  Duties
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Worth D. Nowlin, Jr.  Distinguished Professor    TAMU     Chief Scientist/
                                                            CTD Console
Bruce A. Warren       Senior Scientist           WHOI     Co-Chief/
                                                            Btl data/Rosette
Ann E. Jochens        Assoc. Research Scientist  TAMU     CTD Console/PDR
Steven B. Rutz        Research Associate         TAMU     Rosette
Carl W. Mattson       Pr. Electronic Tech        STS/ODF  TIC/Watch Leader/
                                                            ET/Rosette
John Boaz             Marine Tech                STS/ODF  Watch Leader/
                                                            O2/Rosette/Btl data
Doug M. Masten        SRA                        STS/ODF  Nutrients
Barry Nisly           Dev. Engineer              STS/ODF  Nutrients/O2
Craig M. Hallman      SRA                        STS/ODF  O2/Salt/Rosette
Mary C. Johnson       SRA                        STS/ODF  CTD data processing
Jeff Skinner          Dev. Engineer              STS/SCG  Salt/Rosette
Frederick A. Van Woy  SRA IV                     SIO/GRD  CFC
Dongha Min            Research Assistant         SIO/GRD  CFC
Kirk Hargreaves       Oceanographer              PMEL     CFC
P. Michael Kosro      Assoc. Professor           OSU      ADCP
Robert M. Key         Research Oceanographer     PU/OTL   C14/Ra-228/pCO2/Salts
Peter B. Landry       EA III                     WHOI     He/Tr
Daniel Smith          Research Staff Assistant   LDEO     He/Tr
David G. Purkerson    Research Assistant         U Miami  CO2
Christopher Edwards   Lab Tech                   U Miami  CO2
Joann Krenisky        Research Assistant         U Miami  CO2
Jennifer Aicher       Graduate Student           U Miami  CO2
Dennis C. Root        Senior Research Assistant  OSU      Moorings/LADCP
John Simpkins III     Senior Research Assistant  OSU      Moorings/Rosette
Richard Hevner        Research Assistant         OSU      Moorings/Rosette/Salts
Matthew P. Pillsbury  Instrument Tech            OwU      Moorings
Michael A. Thatcher   SSSG Tech                  WHOI     Res Tech



The following personnel joined the ship in Mauritius 25-27 May
--------------------------------------------------------------
Rhonda M. Kelly          SRA II         STS/ODF     Nutrients
Noasy T. Razakafoniaina  Oceanographer  Madagascar  Observer
Jean Maharavo            Oceanographer  Madagascar  Observer



B.    UNDERWAY MEASUREMENTS

B.1.  Navigation and Bathymetry
      (Barrie Walden 2001.04.06)

KNORR used P-Code GPS for navigation on this cruise and we recorded 
Position information once per minute onto the Sun Sparcstation.

Navigational data from three GPS receivers was recorded at one-minute 
time intervals.  Two of the receivers were Magnavox MX200s and the third 
was a Trimble TANS P(Y) running in standard (non P-code) mode.  The 
antennas for all of these receivers were mounted on the ship's mast at 
approximately mid-ships (frame 63).  All position data includes the time 
and position extracted directly from the NMEA 183 CGS data stream. 
Additionally, the data provided by the Trimble receiver includes a final 
"source" indicator as follows: "1"=standard; "2"=diferential, "3"=P-Code.

Depth measurements were made using a hull-mounted 12 kHz echo 
sounder and a Raytheon recorder. Uncorrected depth (using a sounding 
speed of 1500 m/sec) was estimated to the nearest meter from the 
recorder every 5 minutes and manually entered into a data file that was 
subsequently merged with the 1-minute navigation data. This series of 
measurements began when the vessel left Fremantle and continued until 
the completion of the CTD stations, with a break for the intermediate port 
stop in Mauritius. While on CTD stations, depth measurements were not 
recorded except as required for the CTD log.



B.2.  Meteorological Observations

The following IMET sensors were installed and in use during I03.

Type                      Serial Number  Label
----------------------------------------------
Air Temperature           119            TMP
Barometric Pressure       118            PR
Precipitation             113            PRC
Relative Humidity         unknown        HRH
Sea Surface Temperature   108            SST
Short Wave Radiation      003            SWR
Wind Speed and Direction  004            WND


The data were logged to ASCII text files, one containing ship navigational 
information and the other containing meteorological information.

There were a few large gaps in the data during the cruise. Any gap longer 
than 15 minutes while underway or longer than one hour while on station 
are listed below, with a short explanation of each. If only a subset of the 
data items are missing for the period indicated, the missing items will be 
listed along with the notes. In the table below OS stands for on station and 
UW stands for under way.

Date   Start  Stop   Length   UW/OS  Notes             (Including data affected)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
04/26  00:23  00:48  25 min.  UW     Return to old software (V 4.2B)  [all data]
05/11  17:37  17:58  21 min.  UW     Data logging computer down       [all data]
05/13  20:45  21:36  51 min.  UW     Data logging computer down       [all data]


NOTE:
No data logged during port stop Mauritius:
05/25, 13:40 GMT to 05/28, 02:42 GMT

In addition, data for 23 April (02:16 - 23:59 GMT) were lost in an 
attempted software upgrade to Athena V 4.2C. The majority of the missing 
data were recovered through data logged by the C14 group. The file 
format is different from that on other days of the cruise and has been 
given the extension .nav versus .met or .shp. It contains the following 
information:

GPS_TP    GPS time and position          
GYRO      Ship's heading            (Gyro syncro)
IMET_AIR  Air temperature           (degrees C)
IMET_BPR  Barometric pressure       (millibars)
IMET_SEA  Sea surface temp          (degrees C)
IMET_WNC  True wind direction       (THIS IS NOT RELIABLE!)
IMET_WND  Wind direction            (ship relative)
IMET_WNS  Wind speed                (m/s ship relative)
SPDLOG    Ship's speed              (EDO Speedlog)
SSCND     Sea surface conductivity  (mmho/cm)
SSTMP     Sea surface temperature   (degrees C)



B.3.  Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
      (Mike Kosro)

DATA_DATES                    1995/04/23 01:00:00 - to - 1995/06/05 04:25:00
LON_RANGE                     48.90 E - to - 115.50 E
LAT_RANGE                     31.88 S - to -  19.62 S
DEPTH_RANGE                   17 - to - 489 m
SAC_CRUISE_ID                 00373 
PLATFORM_NAME                 R/V Knorr
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR_NAME   Mike Kosro
PI_INSTITUTION                Oregon State University
PI_COUNTRY                    USA
PROJECT                       WOCE (One-time Line)
CRUISE_NAME                   ship_tag=KN9504
woce_tag=I03,ICM03            EXPOCODE=316N145_8
PORTS                         Fremantle, Australia to 
                              Port Louis, Mauritius
GEOGRAPHIC_REGION             South Indian Ocean
PROCESSED_BY                  Oregon State University
NAVIGATION                    GPS 
QUALITY_NAV                   good
GENERAL_INFORMATION 
CRUISE NOTES 
CHIEF SCIENTIST ON SHIP       Worth Nowlin; Bruce Warren*
INSTITUTE                     Texas A&M University; *WHOI
COUNTRY                       USA
SIGNIFICANT DATA GAPS         none
SPECIAL SHIP TRACK PATTERNS 
 
ADCP INSTRUMENTATION 
MANUFACTURER                  RDI VM150 narrowband
HARDWARE MODEL 
SERIAL NUMBERS                transducer s/n 171
FIRMWARE VERSION              version 17.10


ADCP INSTALLATION

There is a hole in the hull plating slightly larger than the transducer clover 
leaf. Unfortunately, the hull is not flat and horizontal at the transducer's 
off-centerline location so the plate is at an angle to the plane of the 
transducer array.  The transducers closest to the centerline are slightly 
recessed and the outboard pair are approximately flush.  The transducer 
assembly is held in place by bolting its upper flange to the underside of a 
mounting "top-hat" adapter assembly.  Therefore the entire assembly is in 
water and inspection of the electronics requires pulling the unit.

LOCATION/DEPTH ON HULL:
Transducer is located at frame 39, approximately 6 feet off centerline to 
the port side, at a depth of 14 feet.

REPEATABLE ATTACHMENT:  
< YES > Mounting arrangement has alignment pins intended to allow 
repeatable installations but this seems to be a continuing problem.


DATE OF MOST RECENT ATTACH.: 

COMMENT:  
The adcp was removed from the hull earlier in the year in order to try to fix 
the loss of signal return in the kn9501 cruise.  Inadvertently, the adcp was 
reinstalled with the nominal forward beam facing due aft, rather than 45 to 
port as it was when it was removed. Due to the lack of background of the 
tech on the cruise, this was not discovered until about 10 days into the 
cruise.  At that time, the DAS software was adjusted accordingly.

ADCP INSTRUMENT CONFIGURATION
    DEPTH RANGE                  17m to 489m (bin centers)
    BIN LENGTH                   8m
    NUMBER OF BINS               60
    TRANSMIT PULSE LENGTH        8m
    BLANKING INTERVAL            4m
    ENSEMBLE AVERAGING INTERVAL  150 seconds
    SOUND SPEED CALCULATION      FUNCTION OF TEMP AT TRANSDUCER
    BOTTOM TRACKING              limited periods
    DIRECT COMMANDS              "FH00001" "E0004020099" "B0090001" 
"CF64"
    COMMENTS                   


ADCP thermistor was bad, so recorded using 
constant sound speed of 1500 m/s.  Used 
underway thermosalinograph to provide a time-
varying sound speed in post-processing.

ADCP DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM
    DATA LOGGER                  RDI DAS 2.48, HPIB interface
    USER BUFFER VERSION          1920 (UE3)
    CLOCK                        PC clock reset if drift greater than 2 sec from 
GPS clock by UE3


SHIP HEADING                     
    INSTRUMENT MAKE/MODEL        Sperry MK37
    SYNCHRO OR STEPPER           synchro
    SYNCHRO RATIO                1:1
    COMPENSATION APPLIED         No
    GPS ATTITUDE SYSTEM          Yes, Ashtech 3DF, firmware 6H-1.1 

LOCATION OF ANTENNAS: 
Antennas are aircraft type with 10" dia ground planes, mounted in a 
rectangular array above the aft deck observational tower.  All antennas 
are at the same height; approximately 5 feet above the tower top, 52 feet 
above the baseline. One fore/aft pair is spaced at 3 meters, the other pair 
at 2 meters.  There is 2 meter spacing between the pairs (p/s separation).  
The array center is approximately 2 feet port of ship centerline, at frame 
106.

ANCILLARY MEASUREMENTS            
  SURFACE TEMP AND SALINITY    transducer temperature and ship's T&S
  PITCH/ROLL MEASUREMENTS      not used; statistics from Ashtech attitude data 
                               in user buffer
  HYDRO CAST MEASUREMENTS      Yes
  BIOMASS DETERMINATION        No
    DATE OF LAST CALIBRATION   unknown
    COMMENT                    Flagg's agcave used

ADCP DATA PROCESSING/EDITING  
  PERSONNEL IN CHARGE          Mike Kosro
  SOUND SPEED CORRECTIONS      Applied in post-processing from underway T and S
  DATE OF PROCESSING           Most recently modified Dec 22 1999
  ADDED TO NODC DB             DEC 1999
  NOTABLE SCATTERING LAYERS:  
  COMMENTS:  
  
NAVIGATION  
  GPS MAKE/MODEL               
    SELECTIVE AVAILABILITY     Yes
    P-CODE                     No
    DIFFERENTIAL               No
    SAMPLE INTERVAL            1 Hz
    LOCATION OF ANTENNA        
    TIME OBTAINED RELATIVE TO  
      START/END OF ENSEMBLE    start and end of ensemble
    AVERAGING/EDITING APPLIED  ensemble position is average of start and end 
                               fix for the ensemble
    LOGGED WITH ADCP DATA      Yes using UE3 (including Ashtech GPS attitude) 
    LOGGED INDEPENDENTLY       No
    COMMENTS                   Knorr's P-code receiver was not available for 
                               this cruise (expired key)
    OTHER                      bottom tracking available for limited periods 
  
CALIBRATION   
  GYROCOMPASS CORRECTION       Yes using Ashtech heading information, 
profile by profile rotation.
  BOTTOM TRACK METHOD          N No O
  WATER TRACK METHOD           Yes
    REFERENCE LEVELS USED      3 to 10
    TIME SLIP APPLIED          No
    TOTAL No. CALIBRATION PTS  257
    TOTAL No. AFTER EDITING    173
    TIME VARIANT               Yes, based on Ashtech
    COMMENT                    Corrected for time-dependent error, then 
                               computed mean offset below. In addition, there 
                               was a -179.9 rotation applied when the data were 
                               originally taken, to correct for the rotated 
                               transducer.
    FINAL SELECTION            AMPLITUDE = 1.007 PHASE = -0.1
    COMMENTS                   Data were processed in 2 parts: before and 
                               after port stop starting on 5/28/99 amp/phase 
                               were 1.006, -0.3 degrees
  
NAVIGATION CALCULATION               
  NAVIGATION USED              GPS
  REFERENCE LAYER DEPTH RANGE  bins 3 to 10
  FILTERING METHOD FOR   
    SMOOTHING REFERENCE LAYER   
    VELOCITY (FORM/WIDTH)      Blackman 
                               w(t)=0.42-0.5*cos(2pi*t/T)+.08*cos(4pi*t/T),
                               1-hr halfwidth
  FINALIZED SHIP VEL/POSITIONS   
  STORED IN DATABASE           Yes
  
GENERAL_ASSESSMENT             
  VECTOR, CONTOUR, STICK PLOTS:ok
  
REFERENCES (DATA REPORTS,ETC.):   


LOWERED ADCP

Profile measurements of quasi-instantaneous horizontal current 
components were made to full ocean depth during I03 using a lowered 
ADCP (LADCP), which was mounted to the rosette system with the CTD. 
The primary unit was a broadband, self-contained 150 kHz system 
manufactured by RD Instruments, model BBCS 150, serial no. 1246, 
firmware version 4.18, with 15 depth cells, depth cell size of 16m and 
blank-after-transmit interval of 16m. We used single ping ensembles with 
this instrument. For the first 16 stations (stations 443-458), an older 
narrowband, self-contained 307 kHz system was used instead (serial no. 
447, firmware version 17.10); this instrument was operated with 16m bins, 
16m pulse, 8m blanking and 18 pings per ensemble.

With either instrument, vertical shear of horizontal velocity was obtained 
from each ensemble. These shear estimates were vertically binned and 
averaged for each cast. By combining the measured velocity of the ocean 
with respect to the instrument, the measured vertical shear, and accurate 
shipboard navigation at the start and end of the station, absolute velocity 
profiles are obtained (Fischer and Visbeck, 1993). Depth can be obtained 
by integrating the vertical velocity component; a better estimate of the 
depth coordinate was made by incorporating the preliminary CTD profile 
data into the LADCP, and data will be reprocessed after final processing 
of the CTD profile data. The shipboard processing results in vertical 
profiles of u and v velocity components, from a depth of 60 meters to near 
the ocean bottom in 20-meter intervals. These data have been computer 
contoured to produce preliminary plots for analysis and diagnosis.

CTD casts were made at stations 443-573 on the I03 cruise. LADCP casts 
were made at all stations. One cast, 444, was too shallow (less than 150 
m) to obtain useful results. On one other cast, 550, the BroadBand 
LADCP turned off prematurely during the downcast. This behavior had 
been observed infrequently during previous legs and had been reported to 
the manufacturer; a firmware bug is suspected. The deep casts often have 
noise problems below 3000 meters or so due to poor instrument range. 
Interference from the return of the previous ping is often observed 750 m 
from the bottom.

Example velocity profiles, obtained on stations 566 and 567, are shown in 
Figures 2 and 3 respectively; U and V are the eastward and northward 
component of the current profile. The dashed line corresponds to the 
profile estimated from the downward cast, the dotted line corresponds to 
the upward cast, and the solid line represents the average over all valid 
returns, whether up or down. On station 566 (Figure 2), the up-, down- 
and average- profile agree very well with each other, giving confidence in 
the result. For station 567, however, the up and down profiles are offset 
from one another by as much as 10-15 cm/s at some depths (Figure 3). 
Further processing is expected to help eliminate some of the up/down 
differences, some of which must arise by integrating across large, invalid 
shears; this interpretation is strengthened by the agreement of many of 
the small-scale features between the up and down profile, even when the 
integrating profiles are separated. Figure 3 should serve as a caution 
against over-interpreting the preliminary results which are included in this 
report.

Contour plots made from the preliminary average velocity profiles for all 
stations on I03 are provided as Figure 4; separate plots are provided for 
each basin.


B.4  Analyses for CFC-113 and Carbon Tetrachloride

SAMPLE COLLECTION

All water samples were collected from 10 liter Niskin bottles  using 100 ml 
glass syringes.  Close ended Luerlock fittings were  used to seal filled 
syringes. Rubber bands were applied  to keep  the seawater under positive 
pressure.

EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUE

Carbon-tetrachloride, methyl-chloroform, and chlorofluorocarbons  CFC-11, CFC-
12, and  CFC-113 were measured on a total of 31  stations. A complementary 
analysis of CFC-11  and CFC-12 was  performed by SIO as well. The analytical 
system was designed by   Lamont-Doherty Laboratories and uses a 10 cm, 1/16" 
"Carbograph"  trap cooled to -60°C.  Desorption was with boiling water at 100°C.  
Gases were forward flushed into a DB VRX  capillary pre-column and  column. A 10 
cm 1/16" "Carbograph" precolumn which had been   inline with the DB VRX pre-
column was removed for improved peak  sharpness and  resolution. Unfortunately, 
this caused CFC-113 to  interfere with methyl iodide and made  the CFC-113 
measurements  more difficult.

Most samples were run within 12 hours of sampling. However, a few  were run as 
late as  48 hours after sampling. This delay does not  seem to have had an 
adverse effect on the  samples. Duplicate  samples were run for most casts. Air 
samples were run weekly on   average. This was limited by time available.


CALIBRATION

All gases were calibrated using a 6 to 10 point calibration curve  from an 
artificial standard  calibrated against Weiss SIO  standards. A standard 
intercomparison was also performed at  sea,  but this shows differences for 
which there has been no accounting  yet. Standard was  stored in an "Acculife" 
cylinder. The gas  concentrations in the artificial working standard  were 
chosen to  have ratios comparable to that in seawater.


B.5  Helium and Tritium Sampling

Helium and tritium samples are processed in the Helium Isotope Van  on 
extraction and  degassing systems designed by Dr. William  Jenkins and Dempsey 
Lott of the Woods Hole  Oceanographic  Institute.

The systems each comprise basically of two rough pumps which  evacuate the 
system to 1.0 x 10-3 torr, (one rough pump is used as  a fore pump for the 
diffusion pump) one  diffusion pump which  reaches a high vacuum of 1.0 x 10-8 
torr, a cryotrap chilled to -  132°C to trap water vapors before they reach the 
vacuum pumps, and  a self contained  cooling system that services both vacuum 
lines,  keeping the diffusion pumps at 21.5°C for  optimum diffusion pump  
efficiency. Helium samples are drawn from the Rosette in 90 cc   cylinders. They 
are gently tapped to shake loose any air bubbles  that may be on the inside  
cylinder walls that would affect the  helium data. The cylinders are mounted on 
an extraction  system  but are isolated from the vacuum. After the system has 
been under  vacuum for an  hour at approximately 1.0 x 10-7 torr, the vacuum  is 
isolated from it. The samples are then  emptied into a holding  can. The cans 
are heated to boil, forcing the gasses out of the   sample. The gasses are 
collected in a glass bulb which sits in an  ice bath to attract the gas  vapors. 
After 10 minutes the bulbs  are sealed with a torch. The samples are sent back 
to the  lab at  Woods Hole where the helium content can be measured on a mass  
spectrometer.

Tritium samples are drawn from the Rosette in 500 cc cylinders.  They do not get 
tapped  since the gasses will be removed by the  vacuum system. The sample 
cylinders are mounted  on the degassing  system. Below the cylinders is a sled 
with the glass bulbs that  will be  used for storing the sample. After the bulbs 
have been  pumped on by the diffusion pump  for a half an hour to 1.0 x 10-7  
torr or less, the sample is placed in the bulb. They then go   through a series 
of shaking and pumping for two and a half hours  to remove all of the  gasses. 
The samples will be directly pumped  on by the vacuum and sealed at a pressure 
of  approximately 1 x  10-6 torr. These samples will be stored for approximately 
1 year  before  they can be measured. Tritium, the radioactive element  attached 
to the water molecule  breaks down into helium isotope.  After 1 year there is 
enough of the helium isotope to  measure on  a mass spectrometer and then 
calculate the amount of tritium that  was originally  in the sample.

Helium and matching tritium samples are taken from approximately  2000 m to the 
surface,  16 of each per sampled station.

Deep helium samples 1000m to the bottom and 2000 m to the bottom  on matching 
upper  helium/tritium stations are analyzed in Dr.  Peter Schlosser's lab at 
Lamont.


B.6  Radiocarbon Sampling

A total of 480 samples were collected at 20 stations for  radiocarbon analysis 
using the AMS  technique. Ten of the stations  were full water column profiles 
of 32 samples each and the   remaining profiles covered the thermocline and had 
16 samples  each. All of these samples  will be returned to the NOSAMS  facility 
at WHOI for analysis. Once analysis is complete  the  results will be quality 
controlled and interpreted at Princeton by  Ocean Tracer Lab  members and other 
interested scientists.  Princeton is responsible for all of the Indian Ocean  
WOCE 14C  sampling except for legs I8S and I9S. The station layout for the  
entire basin  was designed to be merged with the deep water  results from the 
GEOSECS program.  Upper water column results will  demonstrate the penetration 
of bomb radiocarbon since  GEOSECS.  Some penetration of bomb radiocarbon may be 
evident in deep and  bottom  waters of southern origin.


B.7  Radium Sampling
     (Robert Key 2001.04.04)

My group collected radium samples on several WOCE legs in the hope  of being 
able to analyze them "in the background". We never received  any funding for 
this work and the analytical capability no longer  exists at Princeton. It is 
safe to assume that nothing will ever  come from this effort. For those sample 
collection efforts currently recorded in WOCE bottle files, the simplest thing 
would be  to drop the column altogether. Lacking that, all recordings on U.S.  
legs can be flagged 5.


B.8  CO2 Sampling

SAMPLE COLLECTION

All water samples were collected from 10 liter Niskin bottles  using 100 ml 
glass syringes.  Close ended Luerlock fittings were  used to seal filled 
syringes. Rubber bands were applied  to keep  the seawater under positive 
pressure.

EQUIPMENT AND TECHNIQUE

Carbon-tetrachloride, methyl-chloroform, and chlorofluorocarbons  CFC-11, CFC-
12, and  CFC-113 were measured on a total of 31  stations. A complementary 
analysis of CFC-11  and CFC-12 was  performed by SIO as well. The analytical 
system was designed by   Lamont-Doherty Laboratories and uses a 10 cm, 1/16" 
"Carbograph"  trap cooled to -60°C.  Desorption was with boiling water at 100°C.  
Gases were forward flushed into a DB VRX  capillary pre-column and  column. A 10 
cm 1/16" "Carbograph" precolumn which had been   inline with the DB VRX pre-
column was removed for improved peak  sharpness and  resolution. Unfortunately, 
this caused CFC-113 to  interfere with methyl iodide and made  the CFC-113 
measurements  more difficult.

Most samples were run within 12 hours of sampling. However, a few  were run as 
late as  48 hours after sampling. This delay does not  seem to have had an 
adverse effect on the  samples. Duplicate  samples were run for most casts. Air 
samples were run weekly on   average. This was limited by time available.

CALIBRATION

All gases were calibrated using a 6 to 10 point calibration curve  from an 
artificial standard  calibrated against Weiss SIO  standards. A standard 
intercomparison was also performed at  sea,  but this shows differences for 
which there has been no accounting  yet. Standard was  stored in an "Acculife" 
cylinder. The gas  concentrations in the artificial working standard  were 
chosen to  have ratios comparable to that in seawater.


B.9  Barium Sampling
     (Kelly Falkner 2001.03.23)

All water samples were collected from 10-liter Niskin bottles into 20-ml 
polyethylene vials which had been pre-cleaned by acid leaching in 0.2N HCl 
overnight at 60°C followed by rinsing in distilled de-ionized water.  The vials 
were rinsed with sample and then filled directly from the Niskin spigot with no 
draw tube.

The quality of the Ba data from most WOCE legs in the Indian Ocean  turned out 
to be quite  poor; far worse than attainable analytical  precision (+/-20% as 
opposed to 2%). We recorded many vials which  came back with loose caps and 
evaporation associated with that seems  to be the primary problem.  The only 
hope I have of producing a decent  data set is to run both Ba and a conservative 
element simultaneously  and then relating that to the original salinity of the 
sample.  We  will be taking delivery on a high resolution ICPMS here at OSU 
sometime  this winter which would make the project analytically feasible and  
economical.  I do not presently have the funds in hand to do this and  so have 
archived the samples for the time being. I don't think the WHPO  would derive 
any benefit from the present data set.


B.10  Current Meter Array ICM3 Deployment

Twenty intermediate, subsurface current meter moorings were  deployed during the 
ICM3  cruise. Recovery of these moorings is  expected in about 2 years. Each 
mooring contains 2,  3, or 4  recording current meters attached to 3/8" dacron 
rope. Buoyance is  provided by  clusters 17" Benthos glass spheres at each 
instrument  location. The mooring is attached to  the anchor using an EG&G  DACS 
723A transponding acoustic release. After deployment  an  acoustics/GPS survey 
was undertaken to refine the estimate of each  mooring's  geographic location 
and bottom depth.

The current meters used are Aanderaa RCM-8, vector averaging,  solid state 
recording  instruments. Speed and direction are  sampled every 36 seconds to 
produce a 30 minute vector average.  Temperature is sampled at the end of the 30 
minute interval. The  top  instrument on each mooring records pressure in 
addition to  temperature. The instruments  have enough power and data capacity  
for a 3-year deployment.



Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the outstanding performance of the officers and  crew of the R/V 
KNORR.  Special thanks are due to the bosun and  other members of the deck force 
for long hours  assisting with  shifting cargo and current meter deployments.


REFERENCES

Armstrong, F. A. J., C. R. Stearns, and J. D. H. Strickland. 1967.  The 
    measurement of  upwelling and subsequent biological processes  by means of 
    the Technicon Autoanalyser  and associated equipment.  Deep-Sea Res., 1144: 
    381-389.

Bernhardt, H. and A. Wilhelms. 1967. The continuous determination  of low level 
    iron,  soluble phosphate and total phosphate with the  AutoAnalyzer. 
    Technicon Symposia,  Volume I: 385-389.

Culberson, C. H., R. T. Williams et al. 1991. A comparison of  methods for the  
    determination of dissolved oxygen in seawater.  WHP Office Report WHPO 91-2.

Fischer, J. and M. Visbeck. 1993. Deep velocity profiling with  self-contained 
    ADCPs. J.  Atmos. and Ocean. Tech., 10: 764.

Gordon, L. I., J. C. Jennings, Jr., A. A. Ross, and J. M. Krest.  1992. A 
    suggested  protocol for continouous flow automated  analysis of seawater 
    nutrients in the WOCE  Hydrographic Program  and the Joint Global Ocean 
    Fluxes Study. OSU College of   Oceanography, Descr. Chem. Oc. Grp. Tech Rpt 
    92-1.

I03  Initial Cruise Rept. WDNJ  August 29, 1995	22

I03  Initial Cruise Rept. WDNJ  August 29, 1995	1






                    World Ocean Circulation Experiment
                              Indian Ocean I3
                        R/V Knorr Voyage 145 Leg 8
                        23 April 1995 - 5 June 1995
               Fremantle, Australia - Port Louis, Mauritius
                           Expocode:  316N145/8

                Chief Scientist:  Dr. Worth D. Nowlin, Jr.
                           Texas A&M University



                              I3 Cruise Track

                     Oceanographic Data Facility (ODF)
                            Final Cruise Report
                             4 September 1998

                            Data Submitted by:
                        Oceanographic Data Facility
                    Scripps Institution of Oceanography
                          La Jolla, CA 92093-0214




DESCRIPTION OF MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES AND CALIBRATIONS

1.  Basic Hydrography Program

The basic hydrography program consisted of salinity, dissolved oxygen and
nutrient (nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate) measurements made from
bottles taken on CTD/rosette casts, plus pressure, temperature, salinity
and dissolved oxygen from CTD profiles.  131 CTD/rosette casts were made,
usually to within 5-10 meters of the bottom.  Two additional casts are not
reported: station 498 cast 1 was aborted for signal problems before the
cast entered the water, and station 505 cast 1 was a test cast for
wire/voltage problems.

Station 443 was completed approximately two days after leaving port, near
latitude 28S.  Stations 444-539 were completed along a line roughly
following latitude 20S from NW Australia to the east coast of Mauritius.
Stations 540-562 were done along 20S from the west coast of Mauritius to
the east coast of Madagascar, with a 2-day port stop in Port Louis between
stations 544-545.  Stations 563-573 re-occupied stations 551-561 in reverse
order.  Salts and oxygen were the only bottle samples taken on this
repeated section.

Three sections of current meter moorings (ICM3) were deployed along the I3
line: ICM3 moorings 20-14 were deployed at positions between I3 stations
475-485, moorings 13-7 between stations 506-517, and moorings 6-1 between
stations 551-559.  There was a 3.25-day delay between the end of station
505 and the start of station 506, where moorings 13-7 were placed before
back-tracking to the station 506 position for the next CTD cast.

4006 bottles were tripped resulting in 3999 usable bottles.  No
insurmountable problems were encountered during any phase of the operation.
The resulting data set met and in many cases exceeded WHP specifications.
The distribution of samples is illustrated in Figures 1.0 through 1.1.
              Figure 1.0 I3 sample distribution, stas 444-497
              Figure 1.1 I3 sample distribution, stas 498-562


2.  Water Sampling Package

Hydrographic (rosette) casts were performed with a rosette system
consisting of a 36-bottle rosette frame (ODF), a 36-place pylon (General
Oceanics 1016) and 36 10-liter PVC bottles (ODF).  Underwater electronic
components consisted of an ODF-modified NBIS Mark III CTD (ODF #1) and
associated sensors, SeaTech transmissometer (TAMU), RDI LADCP (UofH),
Benthos altimeter and Benthos pinger.  The CTD was mounted horizontally
along the bottom of the rosette frame, with the transmissometer, a
SensorMedics dissolved oxygen sensor and an FSI secondary PRT sensor
deployed next to the CTD.  The LADCP was vertically mounted to the frame
inside the bottle rings.  The altimeter provided distance-above-bottom in
the CTD data stream.  The pinger was monitored during a cast with a
precision depth recorder (PDR) in the ship's laboratory.  The rosette
system was suspended from a three-conductor 0.322" electro-mechanical
cable.  Power to the CTD and pylon was provided through the cable from the
ship.  Separate conductors were used for the CTD and pylon signals.  The
transmissometer, dissolved oxygen, secondary temperature and altimeter were
interfaced with the CTD, and their data were incorporated into the CTD data
stream.  Deep Sea Reversing Thermometers (DSRTs) were used occasionally on
this leg to monitor for CTD pressure or temperature drift.

The deck watch prepared the rosette approximately 45 minutes prior to each
cast.  All valves, vents and lanyards were checked for proper orientation.
The bottles were cocked and all hardware and connections rechecked.  Upon
arrival on station, time, position and bottom depth were logged by the
console operator.  The rosette was deployed from a position on the
starboard side of the main deck.  Each rosette cast was lowered to within
5-10 meters of the bottom, unless the bottom returns from both the pinger
and altimeter were extremely poor or the bottom depth exceeded the range of
the instrumentation.

Bottles on the rosette were each identified with a unique serial number.
Usually these numbers corresponded to the pylon tripping sequence, 1-36,
where the first (deepest) bottle tripped was bottle #1.  The only exception
was on station 454, where bottle 37 was placed in trip sequence 23 while
bottle 23 was being repaired.

Averages of CTD data corresponding to the time of bottle closure were
associated with the bottle data during a cast.  Pressure, depth,
temperature, salinity and density were immediately available to facilitate
examination and quality control of the bottle data as the sampling and
laboratory analyses progressed.

Recovering the package at the end of deployment was essentially the reverse
of the launching with the additional use of air-tuggers for added
stabilization.  The rosette was moved into the starboard-side (forward)
hangar for sampling.  The bottles and rosette were examined before samples
were taken, and any extraordinary situations or circumstances were noted on
the sample log for the cast.

Routine CTD maintenance included soaking the conductivity and CTD O2
sensors in distilled water between casts to maintain sensor stability.  The
rosette was stored in the rosette room between casts to insure the CTD was
not exposed to direct sunlight or wind in order to maintain the internal
CTD temperature near ambient air temperature.

Rosette maintenance was performed on a regular basis.  O-rings were changed
as necessary and bottle maintenance was performed each day to insure proper
closure and sealing.  Valves were inspected for leaks and repaired or
replaced as needed.

The transmissometer windows were cleaned prior to deployment approximately
every 20 casts.  The air readings were noted in the TAMU transmissometer
log book after each cleaning.  Transmissometer data were monitored for
potential problems during every cast.

The R/V Knorr's port-side CTD winch was used during stations 443 through
497 and stations 500 through 503.  The starboard winch was used on stations
498 (cast 2), 499, and 504 through 573.  New ctd wire was installed on the
port winch at the start of the leg; however, at the start of station 498, a
short developed in one of the conductors about 6000 meters from the
termination end.  The port wire was reterminated using only two conductors.

The starboard winch and cable were used for stations 498 (cast 2) and 499.
There were voltage dropouts and CTD signal noise during station 499;
further investigation revealed an intermittent contact problem on the
starboard winch slip rings and a broken armor strand on the wire 50m from
the termination end.  The slip rings were replaced, and the starboard wire
was shortened by 100m and reterminated.  Stations 500 through 503 used the
port winch and wire while the starboard winch problems were being resolved.
The starboard winch was then used for the remainder of the leg.  The CTD
wire on the starboard winch was an older wire that had been on the port
winch on the previous legs.  A broken armor strand at about 4000m on this
wire was inspected on every up-cast deeper than 4000 meters, and re-taped
as needed.


3.  Underwater Electronics Packages

CTD data were collected with a modified NBIS Mark III CTD (ODF #1).  This
instrument provided pressure, temperature, conductivity and dissolved O2
channels, and additionally measured a second temperature (FSI temperature
module/OTM) as a calibration check.  Other data channels included elapsed-
time, altimeter, several power supply voltages and transmissometer.  The
instrument supplied a 15-byte NBIS-format data stream at a data rate of 25
Hz.  Modifications to the instrument included revised pressure and
dissolved O2 sensor mountings; ODF-designed sensor interfaces for O2, FSI
PRT and transmissometer; implementation of 8-bit and 16-bit multiplexer
channels; an elapsed-time channel; instrument ID in the polarity byte and
power supply voltages channels.

Table 3.0 summarizes the winches and serial numbers of instruments and
sensors used during I3.

 +--------------+---------+----------------+--------------------+---------+
 |              |  ODF    | SensorMedics   |      SeaTech       |         |
 | Station(s)   |  CTD@   |    Oxygen      |  Transmissometer   | Winch   |
 |              |  ID#    |    Sensor      |      (TAMU)        |         |
 +--------------+---------+----------------+--------------------+---------+
 |   443-453    |         |    3-03-10     |                    |         |
 +--------------+         +----------------+                    |         |
 |   454-456    |         |    4-05-16     |                    |  Port   |
 +--------------+         +----------------+                    |         |
 |  457-498/1   |         |                |                    |         |
 +--------------+   1     |                |       151D         +---------+
 |  498/2-499   |         |                |                    | Stbd.   |
 +--------------+         |    5-01-04     |                    +---------+
 |   500-503    |         |                |                    |  Port   |
 +--------------+         |                |                    +---------+
 |   504-573    |         |                |                    | Stbd.   |
 +--------------+---------+----------------+--------------------+---------+
 |NOTE: large LADCP stas 443-458, small LADCP from sta 459 (S/Ns unknown) |
 +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

                    @ ODF CTD #1 sensor serial numbers:
+----------+-----------------------+-------------------------+--------------+
|  NBIS    |       Pressure        |       Temperature       | Conductivity |
| MKIIIB   |      Paine Model      |    PRT1     |   PRT2    |              |
|   CTD    |     211-35-440-05     |  Rosemount  |    FSI    |  NBIS Model  |
|(ODF-ID#) | strain gage/0-8850psi | Model 171BJ |    OTM    | 09035-00151  |
+----------+-----------------------+-------------+-----------+--------------+
|    1     |        131910         |    14304    | OTM/1322T |  5902-F117   |
+----------+-----------------------+-------------+-----------+--------------+

               Table 3.0 I3 Instrument/Sensor Serial Numbers


The CTD pressure sensor mounting had been modified to reduce the dynamic
thermal effects on pressure. The sensor was attached to a section of coiled
stainless-steel tubing that was connected to the end-cap pressure port. The
transducer was also insulated.  The NBIS temperature compensation circuit
on the pressure interface was disabled; all thermal response
characteristics were modeled and corrected in software.

The O2 sensor was deployed in a pressure-compensated holder assembly
mounted separately on the rosette frame and connected to the CTD by an
underwater cable. The O2 sensor interface was designed and built by ODF
using an off-the-shelf 12-bit A/D converter. The transmissometer interface
was a similar design.

Although the secondary temperature sensor was located within 6 inches of
the CTD conductivity sensor, it was not sufficiently close to calculate
coherent salinities.  It was used as a secondary temperature calibration
reference rather than as a redundant sensor, with the intent of eliminating
the need for mercury or electronic DSRTs as calibration checks.

The General Oceanics (GO) 1016 36-place pylon was used in conjunction with
an ODF-built deck unit and external power supply instead of a GO pylon deck
unit.  This combination provided generally reliable operation and positive
confirmation.  The pylon emitted a confirmation message containing its
current notion of bottle trip position, which could be useful in sorting
out mis-trips.  The acquisition software averaged CTD data corresponding to
the rosette trip as soon as the trip was initiated until the trip
confirmed, typically 3+/-0.5 seconds on I3.

There were 2 random bad trip confirmations during I3, which both succeeded
when a re-position/re-trip was attempted.  There were voltage dropout
problems, especially at bottle trips, during station 499 (see Section 2).
The resulting signal noise caused more than 1500 false trip detects by the
acquisition software.  The initial trip detects at each bottle level were
positive confirmations, so the excess trip levels were merely edited out
during post-cast processing.  Only the surface bottle at station 504 had
the same voltage dropout problem, and the trip level was recovered from
clean CTD data prior to the dropout.  None of bottles 7-36 at station 537
confirmed positively; the pylon had to be re-set/re-positioned manually
prior to each trip attempt.  3 of those bottles came up open, as detailed
in Appendix D.


4.  Navigation and Bathymetry Data Acquisition

Navigation data were acquired from the ship's Magnavox MX GPS receiver via
RS-232.  Data were logged automatically at one-minute intervals by one of
the Sun SPARCstations.  Underway bathymetry was logged manually from the 12
kHz Raytheon PDR at five-minute intervals, then corrected according to
Carter [Cart80] and merged with the navigation data to provide a time-
series of underway position, course, speed and bathymetry data.  These data
were used for all station positions, PDR depths and bathymetry on vertical
sections.


5.  CTD Data Acquisition, Processing and Control System

The CTD data acquisition, processing and control system consisted of a Sun
SPARCstation LX computer workstation, ODF-built CTD and pylon deck units,
CTD and pylon power supplies, and a VCR recorder for real-time analog
backup recording of the sea-cable signal.  The Sun system consisted of a
color display with trackball and keyboard (the CTD console), 18 RS-232
ports, 2.5 GB disk and 8mm cartridge tape.  Two other Sun SPARCstation LX
systems were networked to the data acquisition system, as well as to the
rest of the networked computers aboard the Knorr.  These systems were
available for real-time CTD data display and provided for hydrographic data
management and backup.  Two HP 1200C color inkjet printers provided
hardcopy capability from any of the workstations.

The CTD FSK signal was demodulated and converted to a 9600 baud RS-232C
binary data stream by the CTD deck unit.  This data stream was fed to the
Sun SPARCstation.  The pylon deck unit was connected to the Sun LX through
a bi-directional 300 baud serial line, allowing bottle trips to be
initiated and confirmed by the data acquisition software.  A bitmapped
color display provided interactive graphical display and control of the CTD
rosette sampling system, including real-time raw and processed CTD data,
navigation, winch and rosette trip displays.

The CTD data acquisition, processing and control system was prepared by the
console watch a few minutes before each deployment.  A console operations
log was maintained for each deployment, containing a record of every
attempt to trip a bottle as well as any pertinent comments.  Most CTD
console control functions, including starting the data acquisition, were
initiated by pointing and clicking a trackball cursor on the display at
icons representing functions to perform.  The system then presented the
operator with short dialog prompts with automatically-generated choices
that could either be accepted as defaults or overridden.  The operator was
instructed to turn on the CTD and pylon power supplies, then to examine a
real-time CTD data display on the screen for stable voltages from the
underwater unit.  Once this was accomplished, the data acquisition and
processing was begun and a time and position were automatically logged for
the beginning of the cast.  A backup analog recording of the CTD signal on
a VCR tape was started at the same time as the data acquisition.  A rosette
trip display and pylon control window popped up, giving visual confirmation
that the pylon was initializing properly.  Various plots and displays were
initiated.  When all was ready, the console operator informed the deck
watch by radio.

Once the deck watch had deployed the rosette and informed the console
operator that the rosette was at the surface (also confirmed by the
computer displays), the console operator or watch leader provided the winch
operator with a target depth (wire-out) and maximum lowering rate, normally
60 meters/minute for this package.  The package then began its descent,
building up to the maximum rate during the first few hundred meters, then
optimally continuing at a steady rate without any stops during the down-
cast.

The console operator examined the processed CTD data during descent via
interactive plot windows on the display, which could also be run at other
workstations on the network.  Additionally, the operator decided where to
trip bottles on the up-cast, noting this on the console log.  The PDR was
monitored to insure the bottom depth was known at all times.

The deck watch leader assisted the console operator by monitoring the
rosette's distance to the bottom using the difference between the rosette's
pinger signal and its bottom reflection displayed on the PDR.  Around 200
meters above the bottom, depending on bottom conditions, the altimeter
typically began signaling a bottom return on the console.  The winch speed
was usually slowed to ~30 meters/minute during the final approach.  The
winch and altimeter displays allowed the watch leader to refine the target
depth relayed to the winch operator and safely approach to within 5-10
meters of the bottom.

Bottles were closed on the up-cast by pointing the console trackball cursor
at a graphic firing control and clicking a button.  The data acquisition
system responded with the CTD rosette trip data and a pylon confirmation
message in a window.  A bad or suspicious confirmation signal typically
resulted in the console operator repositioning the pylon trip arm via
software, then re-tripping the bottle, until a good confirmation was
received.  All tripping attempts were noted on the console log.  The
console operator then instructed the winch operator to bring the rosette up
to the next bottle depth.  The console operator was also responsible for
generating the sample log for the cast.

After the last bottle was tripped, the console operator directed the deck
watch to bring the rosette on deck.  Once the rosette was on deck, the
console operator terminated the data acquisition and turned off the CTD,
pylon and VCR recording.  The VCR tape was filed.  Usually the console
operator also brought the sample log to the rosette room and served as the
sample cop.


6.  CTD Data Processing

ODF CTD processing software consists of over 30 programs running under the
Unix operating system.  The initial CTD processing program (ctdba) is used
either in real-time or with existing raw data sets to:

o Convert raw CTD scans into scaled engineering units, and assign
  the data to logical channels;
o Filter various channels according to specified filtering criteria;
o Apply sensor- or instrument-specific response-correction models;
o Provide periodic averages of the channels corresponding to the
  output time-series interval; and
o Store the output time-series in a CTD-independent format.

Once the CTD data are reduced to a standard-format time-series, they can be
manipulated in various ways.  Channels can be additionally filtered.  The
time-series can be split up into shorter time-series or pasted together to
form longer time-series.  A time-series can be transformed into a pressure-
series, or into a larger-interval time-series.  The pressure calibration
corrections are applied during reduction of the data to time-series.
Temperature, conductivity and oxygen corrections to the series are
maintained in separate files and are applied whenever the data are
accessed.

ODF data acquisition software acquired and processed the CTD data in real-
time, providing calibrated, processed data for interactive plotting and
reporting during a cast.  The 25 Hz data from the CTD were filtered,
response-corrected and averaged to a 2 Hz (0.5-second) time-series.  Sensor
correction and calibration models were applied to pressure, temperature,
conductivity and O2.  Rosette trip data were extracted from this time-
series in response to trip initiation and confirmation signals.  The
calibrated 2 Hz time-series data, as well as the 25 Hz raw data, were
stored on disk and were available in real-time for reporting and graphical
display.  At the end of the cast, various consistency and calibration
checks were performed, and a 2.0-db pressure-series of the down-cast was
generated and subsequently used for reports and plots.

CTD plots generated automatically at the completion of deployment were
checked daily for potential problems.  The two PRT temperature sensors were
inter-calibrated and checked for sensor drift.  The CTD conductivity sensor
was monitored by comparing CTD values to check-sample conductivities, and
by deep Theta-Salinity comparisons between down- and up-casts as well as
adjacent stations.  The CTD O2 sensor was calibrated to check-sample data.

A few casts exhibited conductivity offsets due to biological or particulate
artifacts.  Some casts were subject to noise in the data stream caused by
sea cable or slip-ring problems, or by moisture in the interconnect cables
between the CTD and external sensors (i.e. O2).  Intermittent noisy data
were filtered out of the 2 Hz data using a spike-removal filter.  A least-
squares polynomial of specified order was fit to fixed-length segments of
data.  Points exceeding a specified multiple of the residual standard
deviation were replaced by the polynomial value.

Density inversions can be induced in high-gradient regions by ship-
generated vertical motion of the rosette.  Detailed examination of the raw
data shows significant mixing occurring in these areas because of "ship
roll".  In order to minimize density inversions, a ship-roll filter was
applied to all casts during pressure-sequencing to disallow pressure
reversals.

The first few seconds of in-water data were excluded from the pressure-
series data, since the sensors were still adjusting to the going-in-water
transition.  However, some casts exhibited up to a 0.02 sigma theta drop
during the top 10 db of the water column.  A time-series data check
verified these density features were probably real: the data were
consistent over many frames of data at the same pressures.  Appendix C
details the magnitude of the larger density drops for the casts affected.

Pressure intervals with no time-series data can optionally be filled by
double-quadratic interpolation/extrapolation.  The only pressure intervals
missing/filled during this leg were at 0 db, caused by chopping off going-
in-water transition data at pressure-sequencing.

There is an inherent problem in the internal digitizing circuitry of the
NBIS Mark III CTD when the sign bit for temperature flips.  Raw temperature
can shift 1-2 millidegrees as values cross between positive and negative, a
problem avoided by offsetting the raw PRT readings by ~1.5 deg.C.  The
conductivity channel also can shift by 0.001-0.002 mmho/cm as raw data
values change between 32767/32768, where all the bits flip at once.  This
is typically not a problem in shallow to intermediate depths because such a
small shift becomes negligible in higher gradient areas.

Raw CTD conductivity traversed 32767/32768 at ~1300+/-150 db (~3.75+/-0.15
deg.C theta) during I3 casts.  There is no apparent salinity shift seen
during this leg because the +0.001 PSU effect typical of the digitizing
problem is lost in the higher gradients at these depths vs deeper water.

A down-cast stop/slowdown nearly always caused a problem in fitting CTD O2
data because the raw oxygen signal shifted as oxygen became depleted in
water near the sensor.  A small shift was often noted as the winch slowed
down for the bottom approach.  The signal shift could usually be
compensated for by applying a small constant offset to the raw oxygen
current values from the stop/slowdown until the bottom of the cast, then
re-fitting the oxygen data to the bottles.  Raw CTD O2 offsets that
resolved shifts at winch stops or slowdowns are noted in Appendix C.

Appendix C contains a table of CTD casts requiring special attention; I3
CTD-related comments, problems and solutions are documented in detail.


7.  CTD Laboratory Calibration Procedures

Pre-cruise laboratory calibrations of CTD pressure and temperature sensors
were used to generate tables of corrections applied by the CTD data
acquisition and processing software at sea.  These laboratory calibrations
were also performed post-cruise.

Pressure and temperature calibrations were performed on CTD #1 at the ODF
Calibration Facility in La Jolla.  The pre-cruise calibrations were done in
December 1994, before five consecutive ODF WOCE legs in the Indian Ocean,
and the post-cruise calibrations were done in September 1995.

The CTD pressure transducer was calibrated in a temperature-controlled
water bath to a Ruska Model 2400 Piston Gage pressure reference.
Calibration data were measured pre-/post-cruise at -1.42/+0.01 deg.C to a
maximum loading pressure of 6080 db, and 30.41/31.24 deg.C to 1400/1190 db.
Figures 7.0 and 7.1 summarize the CTD #1 laboratory pressure calibrations
performed in December 1994 and September 1995.

      Figure 7.0 Pressure calibration for ODF CTD #1, December 1994.

      Figure 7.1 Pressure calibration for ODF CTD #1, September 1995.

Additionally, dynamic thermal-response step tests were conducted on the
pressure transducer to calibrate dynamic thermal effects.  These results
were combined with the static temperature calibrations to optimally correct
the CTD pressure.

CTD PRT temperatures were calibrated to an NBIS ATB-1250 resistance bridge
and Rosemount standard PRT in a temperature-controlled bath.  The primary
and secondary CTD temperatures were offset by ~1.5 deg.C to avoid the
0-point discontinuity inherent in the internal digitizing circuitry.
Standard and PRT temperatures were measured at 9 or more different bath
temperatures between -1.5 and 31.3 deg.C, both pre- and post-cruise.
Figures 7.2 and 7.3 summarize the laboratory calibrations performed on the
CTD #1 primary PRT during December 1994 and September 1995.

      Figure 7.2 Primary PRT Temperature Calibration for ODF CTD #1, 12/94.

      Figure 7.3 Primary PRT Temperature Calibration for ODF CTD #1, 9/95.

These laboratory temperature calibrations were referenced to an ITS-90
standard.  Temperatures were converted to the IPTS-68 standard during
processing in order to calculate other parameters, including salinity and
density, which are currently defined in terms of that standard only.  Final
calibrated CTD temperatures were reported using the ITS-90 standard.


8.  CTD Calibration Procedures

This cruise was the third of five consecutive Indian Ocean WOCE legs using
ODF CTD #1 exclusively.  A redundant PRT sensor was used as a temperature
calibration check while at sea.  CTD conductivity and dissolved O2 were
calibrated to in-situ check samples collected during each rosette cast.

Final pressure, temperature, conductivity and oxygen corrections were
determined during post-cruise processing.


8.1.  CTD #1 Pressure

There was a pre- to post-cruise (5 legs over 7.5 months) shift of -2.4 db
at shallow and deep pressures in the cold-bath laboratory calibrations for
pressure.  The warm-bath pressure correction shifted by -1.8 db.  Half of
the closure between warm/cold calibrations can be accounted for by
different temperatures of the pre-/post-cruise calibrations.  There were no
significant slope differences between pre- and post-cruise pressure
calibrations.

In order to determine when the pressure shift occurred, start-of-cast out-
of-water pressure and temperature data from the 5 consecutive ODF legs were
compared with similar data from the pre- and post-cruise laboratory
calibrations for temperature.  The pressure data from the I3 leg shifted
~0.8 db compared to pre-cruise laboratory data at all temperatures.  A -0.8
db offset was applied to the entire pre-cruise pressure calibration.  These
revised calibration data, plus the dynamic thermal-response correction,
were applied to I3 CTD #1 pressures.

Down-cast surface pressures were automatically adjusted to 0 db as the CTD
entered the water; any difference between this value and the calibration
value was automatically adjusted during the top 50 decibars.  Residual
pressure offsets at the end of each up-cast (the difference between the
last corrected pressure in-water and 0 db) averaged 0.05 db, thus
indicating no problems with the final pressure corrections.  Figure 8.1.0
shows the offset pre-cruise laboratory calibration used to correct I3 CTD
#1 pressure data.

      Figure 8.1.0  I3 Pressure correction for ODF CTD #1: December 1994  
                    calibration offset by -0.8 db.

The entire 10-month pre- to post-cruise laboratory calibration shift for
the pressure sensor on CTD #1 was less than half the magnitude of the WOCE
accuracy specification of 3 db.  I3 CTD pressures should be well within the
desired standards.


8.2.  CTD #1 Temperature

An FSI PRT sensor (PRT2) was deployed as a second temperature channel and
compared with the primary PRT channel (PRT1) on all casts to monitor for
drift.  The response times of the primary and secondary PRT sensors were
matched, then preliminary corrected temperatures were compared for a series
of standard depths from each CTD down-cast.

The FSI PRT used during the last half of I9N and all of I8N/I5E was
deployed as the secondary PRT during the entire I3 leg.  The differences
between the CTD #1 primary PRT and the FSI PRT drifted slowly during I9N,
then stabilized at about -0.01 deg.C by the end of that first leg.  The
non-zero difference was attributed to drift in the FSI PRT sensor, since a
stable conductivity correction indicated no shift in the primary PRT.
There was no drift noted in the PRT1-PRT2 differences during I8N/I5E or I3;
the differences remained stable near the value observed at the end of I9N.
Figure 8.2.0 summarizes the comparison between the primary and secondary
PRT temperatures.

      Figure 8.2.0  I3 Shipboard comparison of CTD #1 primary/secondary PRT
                    temperatures, pressure > 1000 db.

The primary temperature sensor laboratory calibrations indicated a -0.001
deg.C shift at 0 deg.C, a -0.0006 deg.C shift at mid-range temperatures,
and a -0.0014 deg.C shift at 32 deg.C from pre- to post-cruise.  The pre-
and post-cruise temperature calibrations were equally weighted and combined
to generate an average temperature correction, which was applied to all CTD
casts done during the 5 legs between calibrations.  Figure 8.2.1 summarizes
the average of the pre-/post-cruise laboratory temperature calibrations for
CTD #1.

      Figure 8.2.1  WOCE95 Primary temperature correction for ODF CTD #1,
                    Dec.94/Sept.95 equally weighted average.

The 10-month pre- to post-cruise laboratory calibration shift for the
primary temperature sensor on CTD #1 was less than half the magnitude of
the WOCE accuracy standard of 0.002 deg.C.  Since an average of the two
calibrations was applied to the data, I3 CTD temperatures should be well
within the WOCE accuracy specifications.

The secondary FSI temperature sensors either failed or drifted during I9N,
the first leg of the 5 consecutive ODF legs, far more than the primary
sensor drifted during the 10 months between laboratory calibrations.  The
FSI PRT sensors seemed to monitor their own drift better than that of the
primary temperature sensor mounted permanently on CTD #1.  Any comparison
of their pre- and post-cruise calibrations was deemed pointless.


8.3.  CTD #1 Conductivity

The corrected CTD rosette trip pressure and temperature were used with the
bottle salinity to calculate a bottle conductivity.  Differences between
the bottle and CTD conductivities were then used to derive a conductivity
correction.  This correction is normally linear for the 3-cm conductivity
cell used in the Mark III CTD.

Due to small shifting in CTD conductivity, probably caused by organic
matter, the conductivity sensor was swabbed with distilled water prior to
station 269 during I9N, then remained stable thereafter.  Cast-by-cast
comparisons showed minimal conductivity sensor drift during I8N/I5E and I3.

Conductivity differences above and below the thermocline were fit to CTD
conductivity for all 5 legs together to determine the conductivity slope.
The conductivity slope gradually increased from stations 148 (I9N) to 800
(I7N), after which the conductivity sensor was swabbed with alcohol.
Figure 8.3.0 shows the individual preliminary conductivity slopes for
stations 148-800.

      Figure 8.3.0  CTD #1 prelim. conductivity slopes for WOCE95 stations
                    148(I9N) through 800(I7N).

The conductivity slopes for stations 148-800 were fit to station number,
with outlying values (4,2 standard deviations) rejected.  Conductivity
slopes were calculated from the first-order fit and applied to each I3
cast.

Once the conductivity slopes were applied, residual CTD conductivity offset
values were calculated for each cast using bottle conductivities deeper
than 1400 db.  Figure 8.3.1 illustrates the I3 preliminary conductivity
offset residual values.

      Figure 8.3.1  I3 CTD #1 preliminary conductivity offsets by station 
                    number.

Casts were grouped together based on drift and/or known CTD conductivity
shifts to determine average offsets.  This also smoothed the effect of any
cast-to-cast bottle salinity variation, typically on the order of +/-0.001
PSU.  12 casts were omitted from the groups because they were shallower
than 1400 db, or had too few bottles deeper than 1400 db to calculate a
usable offset.  Smoothed offsets were applied to each cast, then some
offsets were manually adjusted to account for discontinuous shifts in the
conductivity transducer response or bottle salinities, or to maintain deep
theta-salinity consistency from cast to cast.

There was at least one CTD cast sandwiched in between each mooring
deployment for the first and third groups of moorings, causing a typical 6
to 8.5-hour delay between the end of one CTD cast and the start of the
next.  Mooring 6 required two attempts, causing a 13.5-hour gap between CTD
casts.  There was no apparent effect on conductivity offsets from these
delays or the 3.5-day and 2-day gaps between stations 505/506 (7
consecutive mooring deployments) and stations 544/545 (mid-leg port stop).

After applying the conductivity slopes and offsets to each cast, it was
determined that surface salinity differences were ~0.008 PSU high compared
to intermediate and deep differences.  After the offset adjustments were
made, a mean second-order conductivity correction was calculated for
stations 148-800.  Figure 8.3.2 shows the residual conductivity differences
used for determining this correction.

      Figure 8.3.2  CTD #1 residual non-linear conductivity slope (WOCE95  
                    stations 148 through 800).

A 4,2-standard deviation rejection of the second-order fit was performed on
these differences, then the remaining values were fit to conductivity.
This non-linear correction, added to the linear corrections for each cast,
effectively pulled in surface differences while having minimal effect on
differences below the thermocline/halocline.

The final I3 conductivity slopes, a combination of the linear coefficients
from the preliminary and second-order fits, are summarized in Figure 8.3.3.
Figure 8.3.4 summarizes the final combined conductivity offsets by station
number.

      Figure 8.3.3  I3 CTD #1 conductivity slope corrections by station number.

      Figure 8.3.4  I3 CTD #1 conductivity offsets by station number.

I3 temperature and conductivity correction coefficients are also tabulated
in Appendix A.


Summary of Residual Salinity Differences

Figures 8.3.5, 8.3.6 and 8.3.7 summarize the I3 residual differences
        between bottle and CTD salinities after applying the conductivity
        corrections.  Only CTD and bottle salinities with (final) quality code 2
        were used to generate these figures.

Figure 8.3.5 I3 Salinity residual differences vs pressure (after correction).
Figure 8.3.6 I3 Salinity residual differences vs station # (after correction).
Figure 8.3.7 I3 Deep salinity residual differences vs station # (after 
        correction).


The CTD conductivity calibration represents a best estimate of the
conductivity field throughout the water column.  3-sigma from the mean
residual in Figures 8.3.6 and 8.3.7, or +/-0.0048 PSU for all salinities
and +/-0.0007 PSU for deep salinities, represents the limit of
repeatability of the bottle salinities (Autosal, rosette, operators and
samplers).  This limit agrees with station overlays of deep Theta-Salinity.
Within most casts (a single salinometer run), the precision of bottle
salinities appears to be better than 0.001 PSU.  The precision of the CTD
salinities appears to be better than 0.0005 PSU.

Final calibrated CTD data from WOCE95 I9N, I8N, I4 and I10 legs were
compared with I3 data.  Deep Theta-Salinity comparisons for casts at four
positions where the WOCE lines crossed showed less than 0.001 PSU
difference for each group of casts.  GEOSECS station 452 was compared with
I3 station 499, casts taken at nearly the same positions.  The GEOSECS data
were +0.001 to +0.002 PSU compared to I3 data, the same difference seen on
multiple casts comparing GEOSECS to I9N and I8N/I5E data.  WOCE95 I3 data
were also compared with final data from the 37 positions repeated during
WOCE97 ICM3.  Deep CTD Theta-Salinity data showed less than a 0.001 PSU
difference for most casts; the difference increased half again as much as
cast positions approached the Madagascar coast.

The WOCE95 minus GEOSECS average difference becomes closer to -0.0005 PSU
if GEOSECS salinity values are corrected for Standard Seawater batch (P-63)
differences [Mant87].  The Standard Seawater batches from the five
consecutive WOCE95 ODF legs (P-126) and from WOCE97 ICM3 (P-125) have not
been compared to other batches.  A cross-calibration is planned for late
1998; however, recent batches from OSI have been quite reliable, requiring,
at worst, a +/-0.001 PSU correction [Mant97].


8.4.  CTD Dissolved Oxygen

The same oxygen sensor used on I9N and I8N/I5E was used on the first 11
casts of I3.  The first sensor was switched out for a used spare sensor for
stations 454-456, during which there were excessive CTD O2 noise and
offsetting problems.  An apparently new oxygen sensor was installed
beginning station 457: there were extremely noisy large sections, both
down- and up-cast, on this station.  After station 457, the
cable/connectors between the sensor and the CTD were reseated, and the
noise problems disappeared.  This third sensor was used for the remainder
of the I3 leg.

There are a number of problems with the response characteristics of the
SensorMedics O2 sensor used in the NBIS Mark III CTD, the major ones being
a secondary thermal response and a sensitivity to profiling velocity.
Stopping the rosette for as little as half a minute, or slowing down for a
bottom approach, can cause shifts in the CTD O2 profile.  Such shifts could
usually be corrected by offsetting the raw oxygen data from the stop or
slow-down area to the bottom of the cast.  All offset sections, winch stops
or slow-downs that affected CTD oxygen data are documented in Appendix C.

Because of these same stop/slow-down problems, up-cast CTD rosette trip
data cannot be optimally calibrated to O2 check samples.  Instead, down-
cast CTD O2 data are derived by matching the up-cast rosette trips along
isopycnal surfaces.  The differences between CTD O2 data modeled from these
derived values and check samples are then minimized using a non-linear
least-squares fitting procedure.

Figures 8.4.0 and 8.4.1 show the residual differences between the corrected
CTD O2 and the bottle O2 (ml/l) for each station.

      Figure 8.4.0  I3 O2 residual differences vs station # (after correction).

      Figure 8.4.1  I3 Deep O2 residual differences vs station # (after 
                    correction).

The standard deviations of 0.06 ml/l for all oxygens and 0.02 ml/l for deep
oxygens are only intended as metrics of the goodness of the fits.  ODF
makes no claims regarding the precision or accuracy of CTD dissolved O2
data.

The general form of the ODF O2 conversion equation follows Brown and
Morrison [Brow78] and Millard [Mill82], [Owen85].  ODF does not use a
digitized O2 sensor temperature to model the secondary thermal response but
instead models membrane and sensor temperatures by low-pass filtering the
PRT temperature.  In-situ pressure and temperature are filtered to match
the sensor response.  Time-constants for the pressure response Taup, and
two temperature responses TauTs and TauTf are fitting parameters.  The Oc
gradient, dOc/dt, is approximated by low-pass filtering 1st-order Oc
differences.  This gradient term attempts to correct for reduction of
species other than O2 at the cathode.  The time-constant for this filter,
Tauog, is a fitting parameter.  Oxygen partial-pressure is then calculated:

   Opp=[c1*Oc+c2]*fsat(S,T,P)*e**(c3*Pl+c4*Tf+c5*Ts+c6*dOc/dt)  (8.4.0)

where:

Opp         = Dissolved O2 partial-pressure in atmospheres (atm);
Oc          = Sensor current (uamps);
fsat(S,T,P) = O2 saturation partial-pressure at S,T,P (atm);
S           = Salinity at O2 response-time (PSUs);
T           = Temperature at O2 response-time (deg.C);
P           = Pressure at O2 response-time (decibars);
Pl          = Low-pass filtered pressure (decibars);
Tf          = Fast low-pass filtered temperature (deg.C);
Ts          = Slow low-pass filtered temperature (deg.C);
dOc/dt      = Sensor current gradient (uamps/secs).


I3 CTD O2 correction coefficients (c1 - c6) are tabulated in Appendix B.


9.  Bottle Sampling

At the end of each rosette deployment water samples were drawn from the
bottles in the following order:

     o CFCs;
     o 3He;
     o O2;
     o Total CO2;
     o Alkalinity;
     o AMS 14C;
     o Tritium;
     o Nutrients;
     o Salinity;
     o Barium.

The correspondence between individual sample containers and the rosette
bottle from which the sample was drawn was recorded on the sample log for
the cast.  This log also included any comments or anomalous conditions
noted about the rosette and bottles.  One member of the sampling team was
designated the sample cop, whose sole responsibility was to maintain this
log and insure that sampling progressed in the proper drawing order.

Normal sampling practice included opening the drain valve before opening
the air vent on the bottle, indicating an air leak if water escaped.  This
observation together with other diagnostic comments (e.g., "lanyard caught
in lid", "valve left open") that might later prove useful in determining
sample integrity were routinely noted on the sample log.

Drawing oxygen samples also involved taking the sample draw temperature
from the bottle.  The temperature was noted on the sample log and was
sometimes useful in determining leaking or mis-tripped bottles.

Once individual samples had been drawn and properly prepared, they were
distributed to their respective laboratories for analysis.  Oxygen,
nutrients and salinity analyses were performed on computer-assisted (PC)
analytical equipment networked to Sun SPARCstations for centralized data
analysis.  The analysts for each specific property were responsible for
insuring that their results were updated into the cruise database.


10.  Bottle Data Processing

Bottle data processing began with sample drawing, and continued until the
data were considered to be final.  One of the most important pieces of
information, the sample log sheet, was filled out during the drawing of the
many different samples, and was useful both as a sample inventory, and as a
guide for the technicians in carrying out their analyses.  Any problems
observed with the rosette before or during the sample drawing were noted on
this form, including indications of bottle leaks, out-of-order drawing,
etc.  Oxygen draw temperatures recorded on this form were at times the
first indicator of rosette bottle-tripping problems. Additional clues
regarding bottle tripping or leak problems were found by individual
analysts as the samples were analyzed and the resulting data were processed
and checked by those personnel.

The next stage of processing was accomplished after the individual
parameter files were merged into a common station file, along with CTD-
derived parameters (pressure, temperature, conductivity, etc.).  The
rosette cast and bottle numbers were the primary identification for all
ODF-analyzed samples taken from the bottle, and were used to merge the
analytical results with the CTD data associated with the bottle.  At this
stage, bottle tripping problems were usually resolved, sometimes resulting
in changes to the pressure, temperature and other CTD properties associated
with the bottle.  All CTD information from each bottle trip (confirmed or
not) was retained in a file, so resolving bottle tripping problems
consisted of correlating CTD trip data with the rosette bottles.

Diagnostic comments from the sample log, and notes from analysts and/or
bottle data processors were entered into a computer file associated with
each station (the "quality" file) as part of the quality control procedure.
Sample data from bottles suspected of leaking were checked to see if the
properties were consistent with the profile for the cast, with adjacent
stations, and, where applicable, with the CTD data.  Various property-
property plots and vertical sections were examined for both consistency
within a cast and consistency with adjacent stations by data processors,
who advised analysts of possible errors or irregularities.  The analysts
reviewed and sometimes revised their data as additional calibration or
diagnostic results became available.

Based on the outcome of investigations of the various comments in the
quality files, WHP water sample codes were selected to indicate the
reliability of the individual parameters affected by the comments.  WHP
bottle codes were assigned where evidence showed the entire bottle was
affected, as in the case of a leak, or a bottle trip at other than the
intended depth.

WHP water bottle quality codes were assigned as defined in the WOCE
Operations Manual [Joyc94] with the following additional interpretations:
     |
   2 | No problems noted.
   3 | Leaking.  An air leak large enough to produce an
     | observable effect on a sample is identified by a code of
     | 3 on the bottle and a code of 4 on the oxygen.  (Small
     | air leaks may have no observable effect, or may only
     | affect gas samples.)
   4 | Did not trip correctly.  Bottles tripped at other than
     | the intended depth were assigned a code of 4.  There may
     | be no problems with the associated water sample data.
   5 | Not reported.  No water sample data reported.  This is a
     | representative level derived from the CTD data for
     | reporting purposes.  The sample number should be in the
     | range of 80-99.
   9 | The samples were not drawn from this bottle.


WHP water sample quality flags were assigned using the following criteria:
     |
   1 | The sample for this measurement was drawn from the water
     | bottle, but the results of the analysis were not (yet)
     | received.
   2 | Acceptable measurement.
   3 | Questionable measurement.  The data did not fit the
     | station profile or adjacent station comparisons (or
     | possibly CTD data comparisons).  No notes from the
     | analyst indicated a problem.  The data could be
     | acceptable, but are open to interpretation.
   4 | Bad measurement.  The data did not fit the station
     | profile, adjacent stations or CTD data.  There were
     | analytical notes indicating a problem, but data values
     | were reported.  Sampling and analytical errors were also
     | coded as 4.
   5 | Not reported.  There should always be a reason
     | associated with a code of 5, usually that the sample was
     | lost, contaminated or rendered unusable.
   9 | The sample for this measurement was not drawn.


WHP water sample quality flags were assigned to the CTDSAL (CTD salinity)
parameter as follows:
     |
   2 | Acceptable measurement.
   3 | Questionable measurement.  The data did not fit the
     | bottle data, or there was a CTD conductivity calibration
     | shift during the up-cast.
   4 | Bad measurement.  The CTD up-cast data were determined
     | to be unusable for calculating a salinity.
   7 | Despiked.  The CTD data have been filtered to eliminate
     | a spike or offset.


WHP water sample quality flags were assigned to the CTDOXY (CTD O2)
parameter as follows:
     |
   1 | Not calibrated.  Data are uncalibrated.
   2 | Acceptable measurement.
   3 | Questionable measurement.
   4 | Bad measurement.  The CTD data were determined to be
     | unusable for calculating a dissolved oxygen
     | concentration.
   5 | Not reported.  The CTD data could not be reported,
     | typically when CTD salinity is coded 3 or 4.
   7 | Despiked.  The CTD data have been filtered to eliminate
     | a spike or offset.
   9 | Not sampled.  No operational CTD O2 sensor was present
     | on this cast.


Note that all CTDOXY values were derived from the down-cast pressure-series
CTD data.  CTD data were matched to the up-cast bottle data along isopycnal
surfaces.  If the CTD salinity was footnoted as bad or questionable, the
CTD O2 was not reported.

Table 10.0 shows the number of samples drawn and the number of times each
WHP sample quality flag was assigned for each basic hydrographic property:

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                      Rosette Samples Stations 443-573                       |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|            Reported                     WHP Quality Codes                   |
|             Levels        1       2       3       4       5       7       9 |
+----------++---------+-------------------------------------------------------+
|Bottle    ||  4006   |     0    3994       4       1       0       0       7 |
|CTD Salt  ||  4006   |     0    4006       0       0       0       0       0 |
|CTD Oxy   ||  4006   |     0    3936      66       4       0       0       0 |
|Salinity  ||  3996   |     0    3942      46       8       1       0       9 |
|Oxygen    ||  3990   |     0    3930      43      17       6       0      10 |
|Silicate  ||  3872   |     0    3866       0       6       1       0     133 |
|Nitrate   ||  3872   |     0    3834      32       6       1       0     133 |
|Nitrite   ||  3872   |     0    3866       0       6       1       0     133 |
|Phosphate ||  3872   |     0    3849      17       6       1       0     133 |
+----------++---------+-------------------------------------------------------+
       Table 10.0 Frequency of WHP quality flag assignments for I3.


Additionally, all WHP water bottle/sample quality code comments are
presented in Appendix D.


11.  Pressure and Temperatures

All pressures and temperatures for the bottle data tabulations on the
rosette casts were obtained by averaging CTD data for a brief interval at
the time the bottle was closed on the rosette, then correcting the data
based on CTD laboratory calibrations.

The temperatures are reported using the International Temperature Scale of
1990.


12.  Salinity Analysis

Equipment and Techniques

Two Guildline Autosal Model 8400A salinometers were available for measuring
salinities.  The salinometers were modified by ODF and contained interfaces
for computer-aided measurement.  Autosal #55-654 was used to measure
salinity on all the stations; its water bath was set at 24 deg.C for
stations 443-461. The bath temperature was lowered to 21 deg.C for stations
462-573 after the lab air temperature cooled.  Autosal #57-396 was set at
24 deg.C as a backup unit but was never used.  The salinity analyses were
performed when samples had equilibrated to laboratory temperature, usually
within 7-24 hours after collection.  The salinometer was standardized for
each group of analyses (typically one cast, usually 36 samples) using at
least one fresh vial of standard per cast.  A computer (PC) prompted the
analyst for control functions such as changing sample, flushing, or
switching to "read" mode.  At the correct time, the computer acquired
conductivity ratio measurements, and logged results.  The salinometer cell
was flushed until two groups of readings met software criteria for
consistency, both within and between groups; the two averages of the groups
of measurements were then averaged for a final result.


Sampling and Data Processing

Salinity samples were drawn into 200 ml Kimax high-alumina borosilicate
bottles, which were rinsed three times with sample prior to filling.  The
bottles were sealed with custom-made plastic insert thimbles and Nalgene
screw caps.  This assembly provides very low container dissolution and
sample evaporation.  Prior to collecting each sample, inserts were
inspected for proper fit and loose inserts were replaced to insure an
airtight seal.  The draw time and equilibration time were logged for all
casts.  Laboratory temperatures were logged at the beginning and end of
each run.

PSS-78 salinity [UNES81] was calculated for each sample from the measured
conductivity ratios.  The difference (if any) between the initial vial of
standard water and one run at the end as an unknown was applied linearly to
the data to account for any drift.  The data were added to the cruise
database.  3996 salinity measurements were made and 265 vials of standard
water were used.  The estimated accuracy of bottle salinities run at sea is
usually better than 0.002 PSU relative to the particular Standard Seawater
batch used.

Laboratory Temperature

The temperature stability in the salinometer laboratory was good, with the
lab temperature generally 1-2 deg.C lower than the Autosal bath
temperature.

Standards

IAPSO Standard Seawater (SSW) Batch P-126 was used to standardize the
salinometers.


13.  Oxygen Analysis

Equipment and Techniques

Dissolved oxygen analyses were performed with an ODF-designed automated
oxygen titrator using photometric end-point detection based on the
absorption of 365nm wavelength ultra-violet light.  The titration of the
samples and the data logging were controlled by PC software.  Thiosulfate
was dispensed by a Dosimat 665 buret driver fitted with a 1.0 ml buret.
ODF used a whole-bottle modified-Winkler titration following the technique
of Carpenter [Carp65] with modifications by Culberson et al. [Culb91], but
with higher concentrations of potassium iodate standard (approximately
0.012N) and thiosulfate solution (50 gm/l).  Standard solutions prepared
from pre-weighed potassium iodate crystals were run at the beginning of
each session of analyses, which typically included from 1 to 3 stations.
Several standards were made up during the cruise and compared to assure
that the results were reproducible, and to preclude the possibility of a
weighing or dilution error.  Reagent/distilled water blanks were
determined, to account for presence of oxidizing or reducing materials.

Sampling and Data Processing

Samples were collected for dissolved oxygen analyses soon after the rosette
sampler was brought on board, and after samples for CFC and helium were
drawn.  Using a Tygon drawing tube, nominal 125ml volume-calibrated iodine
flasks were rinsed twice with minimal agitation, then filled and allowed to
overflow for at least 3 flask volumes.  The sample temperature was measured
with a small platinum resistance thermometer embedded in the drawing tube.
Reagents were added to fix the oxygen before stoppering.  The flasks were
shaken twice to assure thorough dispersion of the precipitate, once
immediately after drawing, and then again after about 20 minutes.  The
samples were analyzed within 2-18 hours of collection, usually within 10
hours, and the data were then merged with the cruise database.

Thiosulfate normalities were calculated from each standardization and
corrected to 20 deg.C.  The 20 deg.C normalities and the blanks were
plotted versus time and were reviewed for possible problems.  New
thiosulfate normalities were recalculated after the blanks had been
smoothed as a function of time, if warranted.  These normalities were then
smoothed, and the oxygen data were recalculated.

Oxygens were converted from milliliters per liter to micromoles per
kilogram using the in-situ temperature.  Ideally, for whole-bottle
titrations, the conversion temperature should be the temperature of the
water issuing from the bottle spigot.  The sample temperatures were
measured at the time the samples were drawn from the bottle, but were not
used in the conversion from milliliters per liter to micromoles per
kilogram because the software for this calculation was not available.
Aberrant drawing temperatures provided an additional flag indicating that a
bottle may not have tripped properly.

3990 oxygen measurements were made, with no major problems with the
analyses.  The auto-titrator generally performed very well.  One minor
problem noted on the expedition was that there was a gradual decrease in
the UV detector output voltage.  It was discovered later that the window
material between the lamp and detector was slowly becoming opaque.  At the
time, the oxygen analysts were able to overcome the voltage drop by
increasing a gain control.

Volumetric Calibration

Oxygen flask volumes were determined gravimetrically with degassed
deionized water to determine flask volumes at ODF's chemistry laboratory.
This is done once before using flasks for the first time and periodically
thereafter when a suspect bottle volume is detected.  The volumetric flasks
used in preparing standards were volume-calibrated by the same method, as
was the 10 ml Dosimat buret used to dispense standard iodate solution.

Standards

Potassium iodate standards, nominally 0.44 gram, were pre-weighed in ODF's
chemistry laboratory to +/-0.0001 grams.  The exact normality was
calculated at sea after the volumetric flask volume and dilution
temperature were known.  Potassium iodate was obtained from Johnson Matthey
Chemical Co.  and was reported by the supplier to be >99.4% pure.  All
other reagents are "reagent grade" and are tested for levels of oxidizing
and reducing impurities prior to use.


14.  Nutrient Analysis

Equipment and Techniques

Nutrient analyses (phosphate, silicate, nitrate and nitrite) were performed
on an ODF-modified 4-channel Technicon AutoAnalyzer II, generally within a
few hours after sample collection.  Occasionally samples were refrigerated
up to 6 hours at 2-6 deg.C.  All samples were brought to room temperature
prior to analysis.

The methods used are described by Gordon et al. [Gord92], Hager et al.
[Hage72], Atlas et al. [Atla71].  The analog outputs from each of the four
channels were digitized and logged automatically by computer (PC) at
2-second intervals.

Silicate was analyzed using the technique of Armstrong et al. [Arms67].  An
acidic solution of ammonium molybdate was added to a seawater sample to
produce silicomolybdic acid which was then reduced to silicomolybdous acid
(a blue compound) following the addition of stannous chloride.  Tartaric
acid was also added to impede PO4 color development.  The sample was passed
through a 15mm flowcell and the absorbance measured at 820nm.  ODF's
methodology is known to be non-linear at high silicate concentrations (>120
uM); a correction for this non-linearity is applied through ODF's software.

A modification of the Armstrong et al. [Arms67] procedure was used for the
analysis of nitrate and nitrite.  For the nitrate analysis, the seawater
sample was passed through a cadmium reduction column where nitrate was
quantitatively reduced to nitrite.  Sulfanilamide was introduced to the
sample stream followed by N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride
which coupled to form a red azo dye.  The stream was then passed through a
15mm flowcell and the absorbance measured at 540nm.  The same technique was
employed for nitrite analysis, except the cadmium column was not present,
and a 50mm flowcell was used for measurement.

Phosphate was analyzed using a modification of the Bernhardt and Wilhelms
[Bern67] technique.  An acidic solution of ammonium molybdate was added to
the sample to produce phosphomolybdic acid, then reduced to
phosphomolybdous acid (a blue compound) following the addition of
dihydrazine sulfate.  The reaction product was heated to ~55 deg.C to
enhance color development, then passed through a 50mm flowcell and the
absorbance measured at 820m.

Sampling and Data Processing

Nutrient samples were drawn into 40 ml polypropylene, screw-capped
centrifuge tubes.  The tubes were cleaned with 10% HCl and rinsed with
sample twice before filling.  Standardizations were performed at the
beginning and end of each group of analyses (typically one cast, usually 36
samples) with an intermediate concentration mixed nutrient standard
prepared prior to each run from a secondary standard in a low-nutrient
seawater matrix.  The secondary standards were prepared aboard ship by
dilution from dry, pre-weighed primary standards.  Sets of 5-6 different
standard concentrations were analyzed periodically to determine the
deviation from linearity as a function of concentration for each nutrient.

After each group of samples was analyzed, the raw data file was processed
to produce another file of response factors, baseline values, and
absorbances.  Computer-produced absorbance readings were checked for
accuracy against values taken from a strip chart recording.  The data were
then added to the cruise database.  3872 nutrient samples were analyzed.
No major problems were encountered with the measurements, other than a
continuing difficulty in holding the lab temperature constant.  The pump
tubing was changed one time.  An aliquot from a large volume of stored deep
seawater was run with each set of samples as a substandard.  The efficiency
of the cadmium column used for nitrate reduction was monitored throughout
the cruise and ranged from 99.8-100.0%.

Nutrients, reported in micromoles per kilogram, were converted from
micromoles per liter by dividing by sample density calculated at 1 atm
pressure (0 db), in-situ salinity, and an assumed laboratory temperature of
25 deg.C.

Standards

Na2SiF6, the silicate primary standard, was obtained from Fluka Chemical
Company and Fisher Scientific and was reported by the suppliers to be >98%
pure.  Primary standards for nitrate (KNO3), nitrite (NaNO2), and phosphate
(KH2PO4) were obtained from Johnson Matthey Chemical Co. and the supplier
reported purities of 99.999%, 97%, and 99.999%, respectively.



REFERENCES

Arms67.
     Armstrong, F. A. J., Stearns, C. R., and Strickland, J. D. H., "The
     measurement of upwelling and subsequent biological processes by means
     of the Technicon Autoanalyzer and associated equipment," Deep-Sea
     Research, 14, pp. 381-389 (1967).

Atla71.
     Atlas, E. L., Hager, S. W., Gordon, L. I., and Park, P. K., "A
     Practical Manual for Use of the Technicon AutoAnalyzer(R) in Seawater
     Nutrient Analyses Revised," Technical Report 215, Reference 71-22, p.
     49, Oregon State University, Department of Oceanography (1971).

Bern67.
     Bernhardt, H. and Wilhelms, A., "The continuous determination of low
     level iron, soluble phosphate and total phosphate with the
     AutoAnalyzer," Technicon Symposia, I, pp. 385-389 (1967).

Brow78.
     Brown, N. L. and Morrison, G. K., "WHOI/Brown conductivity,
     temperature and depth microprofiler," Technical Report No. 78-23,
     Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (1978).

Carp65.
     Carpenter, J. H., "The Chesapeake Bay Institute technique for the
     Winkler dissolved oxygen method," Limnology and Oceanography, 10, pp.
     141-143 (1965).

Cart80.
     Carter, D. J. T., "Computerised Version of Echo-sounding Correction
     Tables (Third Edition)," Marine Information and Advisory Service,
     Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Wormley, Godalming, Surrey. GU8
     5UB. U.K. (1980).

Culb91.
     Culberson, C. H., Knapp, G., Stalcup, M., Williams, R. T., and
     Zemlyak, F., "A comparison of methods for the determination of
     dissolved oxygen in seawater," Report WHPO 91-2, WOCE Hydrographic
     Programme Office (Aug 1991).

Gord92.
     Gordon, L. I., Jennings, J. C., Jr., Ross, A. A., and Krest, J. M., "A
     suggested Protocol for Continuous Flow Automated Analysis of Seawater
     Nutrients in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean
     Fluxes Study," Grp. Tech Rpt 92-1, OSU College of Oceanography Descr.
     Chem Oc. (1992).

Hage72.
     Hager, S. W., Atlas, E. L., Gordon, L. D., Mantyla, A. W., and Park,
     P. K., "A comparison at sea of manual and autoanalyzer analyses of
     phosphate, nitrate, and silicate," Limnology and Oceanography, 17, pp.
     931-937 (1972).

Joyc94.
     Joyce, T., ed. and Corry, C., ed., "Requirements for WOCE Hydrographic
     Programme Data Reporting," Report WHPO 90-1, WOCE Report No. 67/91,
     pp. 52-55, WOCE Hydrographic Programme Office, Woods Hole, MA, USA
     (May 1994, Rev. 2). UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT.

Mant87.
     Mantyla, A. W., "Standard Seawater Comparisons Updated," Journal of
     Physical Oceanography, 17.4, p. 547 (1987).

Mant97.
     Mantyla, A. W. (1997). Private communication.

Mill82.
     Millard, R. C., Jr., "CTD calibration and data processing techniques
     at WHOI using the practical salinity scale," Proc. Int. STD Conference
     and Workshop, p. 19, Mar. Tech. Soc., La Jolla, Ca. (1982).

Owen85.
     Owens, W. B. and Millard, R. C., Jr., "A new algorithm for CTD oxygen
     calibration," Journ. of Am. Meteorological Soc., 15, p. 621 (1985).

UNES81.
     UNESCO, "Background papers and supporting data on the Practical
     Salinity Scale, 1978," UNESCO Technical Papers in Marine Science, No.
     37, p. 144 (1981).




                                APPENDIX A

     WOCE95-I3:  CTD Temperature and Conductivity Corrections Summary

           PRT    ITS-90 Temperature Coefficients       Conductivity 
Coefficients
 Sta/   Response     corT = t2*T**2 + t1*T + t0         corC = c2*C**2 + c1*C + 
c0
 Cast  Time (secs)    t2          t1         t0         c2            c1         
c0

443/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85295e-03  
0.01101
444/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85268e-03  
0.01105
445/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85240e-03  
0.01110
446/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85212e-03  
0.01115
447/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85184e-03  
0.01119
448/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85157e-03  
0.01124
449/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85129e-03  
0.01128
450/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85101e-03  
0.01133
451/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85074e-03  
0.01137
452/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85046e-03  
0.01142

453/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.85018e-03  
0.01147
454/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84990e-03  
0.01151
455/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84963e-03  
0.01156
456/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84935e-03  
0.01160
457/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84907e-03  
0.01165
458/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84879e-03  
0.01170
459/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84852e-03  
0.01174
460/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84824e-03  
0.01179
461/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84796e-03  
0.01183
462/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84768e-03  
0.01188

463/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84741e-03  
0.01192
464/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84713e-03  
0.01197
465/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84685e-03  
0.01202
466/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84658e-03  
0.01206
467/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84630e-03  
0.01211
468/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84602e-03  
0.01215
469/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84574e-03  
0.01220
470/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84547e-03  
0.01225
471/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84519e-03  
0.01229
472/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84491e-03  
0.01234

473/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84463e-03  
0.01238
474/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84436e-03  
0.01243
475/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84408e-03  
0.01247
476/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84380e-03  
0.01252
477/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84352e-03  
0.01257
478/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84325e-03  
0.01261
479/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84297e-03  
0.01266
480/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84269e-03  
0.01270
481/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84242e-03  
0.01275
482/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84214e-03  
0.01279

483/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84186e-03  
0.01284
484/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84158e-03  
0.01289
485/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84131e-03  
0.01513
486/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84103e-03  
0.01363
487/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84075e-03  
0.01363
488/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84047e-03  
0.01363
489/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.84020e-03  
0.01363
490/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83992e-03  
0.01363
491/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83964e-03  
0.01363
492/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83936e-03  
0.01363

493/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83909e-03  
0.01363
494/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83881e-03  
0.01363
495/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83853e-03  
0.01363
496/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83825e-03  
0.01363
497/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83798e-03  
0.01363
498/02     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83770e-03  
0.01363
499/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83742e-03  
0.01363
500/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83715e-03  
0.01363
501/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83687e-03  
0.01363
502/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83659e-03  
0.01363


           PRT    ITS-90 Temperature Coefficients       Conductivity 
Coefficients
 Sta/   Response     corT = t2*T**2 + t1*T + t0         corC = c2*C**2 + c1*C + 
c0
 Cast  Time (secs)    t2          t1         t0         c2            c1         
c0

503/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83631e-03  
0.01363
504/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83604e-03  
0.01413
505/02     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83576e-03  
0.01425
506/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83548e-03  
0.01518
507/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83520e-03  
0.01460
508/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83493e-03  
0.01453
509/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83465e-03  
0.01363
510/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83437e-03  
0.01363
511/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83409e-03  
0.01363
512/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83382e-03  
0.01363

513/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83354e-03  
0.01516
514/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83326e-03  
0.01509
515/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83299e-03  
0.01502
516/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83271e-03  
0.01395
517/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83243e-03  
0.01387
518/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83215e-03  
0.01380
519/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83188e-03  
0.01373
520/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83160e-03  
0.01365
521/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83132e-03  
0.01358
522/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83104e-03  
0.01351

523/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83077e-03  
0.01343
524/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83049e-03  
0.01336
525/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.83021e-03  
0.01329
526/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82993e-03  
0.01321
527/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82966e-03  
0.01314
528/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82938e-03  
0.01307
529/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82910e-03  
0.01199
530/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82882e-03  
0.01192
531/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82855e-03  
0.01285
532/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82827e-03  
0.01277

533/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82799e-03  
0.01270
534/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82772e-03  
0.01263
535/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82744e-03  
0.01256
536/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82716e-03  
0.01248
537/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82688e-03  
0.01141
538/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82661e-03  
0.01234
539/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82633e-03  
0.01226
540/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82605e-03  
0.01219
541/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82577e-03  
0.01212
542/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82550e-03  
0.01204

543/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82522e-03  
0.01197
544/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82494e-03  
0.01190
545/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82466e-03  
0.01289
546/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82439e-03  
0.01289
547/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82411e-03  
0.01289
548/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82383e-03  
0.01289
549/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82356e-03  
0.01289
550/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82328e-03  
0.01289
551/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82300e-03  
0.01289
552/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82272e-03  
0.01289

553/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82245e-03  
0.01289
554/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82217e-03  
0.01289
555/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82189e-03  
0.01289
556/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82161e-03  
0.01289
557/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82134e-03  
0.01289
558/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82106e-03  
0.01289
559/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82078e-03  
0.01289
560/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82050e-03  
0.01289
561/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.82023e-03  
0.01289
562/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81995e-03  
0.01289

563/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81967e-03  
0.01289
564/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81940e-03  
0.01289
565/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81912e-03  
0.01289


           PRT    ITS-90 Temperature Coefficients       Conductivity 
Coefficients
 Sta/   Response     corT = t2*T**2 + t1*T + t0         corC = c2*C**2 + c1*C + 
c0
 Cast  Time (secs)    t2          t1         t0         c2            c1         
c0

566/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81884e-03  
0.01289
567/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81856e-03  
0.01289
568/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81829e-03  
0.01289
569/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81801e-03  
0.01289
570/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81773e-03  
0.01289
571/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81745e-03  
0.01289
572/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81718e-03  
0.01289

573/01     .34    1.9889e-05  -6.2817e-04  -1.4986  1.14690e-05  -1.81690e-03  
0.01289




                                      APPENDIX B

                    Summary of WOCE95-I3 CTD Oxygen Time Constants

                 +--------------------------+----------+-------------+
                 |       Temperature        | Pressure | O2 Gradient |
                 |Fast(TauTf) | Slow(TauTs) |  (Taup)  |   (Tauog)   |
                 +------------+-------------+----------+-------------+
                 |    1.0     |    400.0    |   24.0   |    16.0     |
                 +------------+-------------+----------+-------------+


              WOCE95-I3: Conversion Equation Coefficients for CTD Oxygen
                         (refer to Equation 8.4.0)

 Sta/     OcSlope       Offset       Plcoeff       Tfcoeff       Tscoeff     
dOc/dtcoeff
 Cast      (c1)          (c2)          (c3)          (c4)          (c5)          
(c6)

443/01  5.24604e-04   5.08875e-01  -1.28008e-04  -1.43647e-03  -1.78811e-02   
9.42061e-06
444/01  4.09534e-03   5.82154e-01  -1.93546e-03  -1.94793e-02  -6.24300e-02   
1.74186e-06
445/01  1.59369e-03  -4.13140e-01  -2.41892e-04  -1.11285e-02  -3.15643e-02   
8.47185e-06
446/01  1.80168e-03  -1.40451e-01  -7.63024e-05   3.03338e-03  -5.26259e-02   
2.89488e-06
447/01  9.46805e-04  -2.34407e-02   2.14854e-04   1.64348e-03  -2.97044e-02   
1.92008e-05
448/01  1.45234e-03  -7.59775e-02   2.07696e-05   4.19242e-03  -4.56202e-02   
3.92619e-06
449/01  1.02780e-03  -1.94939e-02   1.54478e-04   4.39120e-03  -3.29510e-02   
4.44761e-06
450/01  9.78695e-04   6.12081e-03   1.47661e-04   2.41014e-04  -2.96147e-02   
1.55949e-06
451/01  1.01443e-03  -1.74535e-02   1.57855e-04   2.07253e-03  -3.25091e-02   
3.06853e-06
452/01  1.08463e-03  -4.57847e-02   1.64979e-04   3.69554e-03  -3.51764e-02   
4.11824e-06

453/01  1.05280e-03  -3.30893e-02   1.59866e-04   2.60034e-03  -3.32375e-02   
2.82671e-06
454/01  1.00986e-03   9.89291e-04   1.44061e-04  -2.41474e-03  -2.37060e-02   
3.07918e-06
455/01  9.97421e-04   1.48810e-02   1.38342e-04   1.05087e-04  -2.70563e-02   
2.51310e-06
456/01  1.01547e-03   1.02616e-02   1.40971e-04   2.74715e-03  -2.84619e-02   
2.99904e-07
457/01  1.09835e-03  -5.61964e-03   1.52594e-04   4.95375e-03  -3.35657e-02  -
2.51402e-06
458/01  1.06775e-03   1.66512e-02   1.42948e-04  -2.22013e-03  -2.99718e-02  -
1.97404e-06
459/01  1.15182e-03  -2.37854e-02   1.55684e-04   5.89182e-03  -3.37317e-02  -
1.78252e-06
460/01  1.04308e-03   2.14059e-02   1.43712e-04   2.93938e-03  -2.92100e-02   
3.85552e-06
461/01  1.09541e-03   7.86400e-03   1.45260e-04  -9.93293e-04  -3.03536e-02  -
3.51458e-06
462/01  1.10818e-03   2.83447e-03   1.45293e-04   1.86379e-03  -3.11622e-02  -
1.69174e-06

463/01  1.08650e-03   1.14055e-02   1.43492e-04   2.22981e-03  -3.08549e-02   
1.20690e-06
464/01  1.10582e-03   4.51199e-03   1.45531e-04  -4.22755e-03  -2.88840e-02  -
1.04423e-06
465/01  1.12088e-03  -1.99721e-03   1.47229e-04   2.23455e-03  -3.18809e-02   
4.69823e-07
466/01  1.11800e-03   5.20052e-03   1.42536e-04   3.02798e-03  -3.16855e-02   
5.93234e-06
467/01  1.11800e-03   4.05728e-03   1.45664e-04  -5.65006e-03  -2.91712e-02  -
1.30588e-06
468/01  1.12315e-03   4.85684e-04   1.45213e-04   1.89116e-03  -3.17920e-02   
1.39097e-05
469/01  1.09730e-03   1.06015e-02   1.43196e-04   2.91867e-04  -3.02902e-02   
5.84872e-07
470/01  1.07515e-03   1.78781e-02   1.44219e-04  -4.86181e-03  -2.78690e-02   
4.50950e-07
471/01  1.11919e-03   6.69558e-05   1.46331e-04  -5.62501e-05  -3.06127e-02  -
5.21759e-07
472/01  1.05730e-03   2.47007e-02   1.40302e-04   3.86527e-03  -3.07740e-02   
5.06567e-06

473/01  1.09273e-03   1.51423e-02   1.42724e-04  -3.96151e-03  -3.01607e-02  -
1.49672e-06
474/01  1.07705e-03   1.94738e-02   1.41408e-04   3.57593e-03  -3.18829e-02   
4.30401e-06
475/01  1.11120e-03   7.05685e-03   1.41939e-04   4.55625e-03  -3.23268e-02   
2.25701e-06
476/01  1.10488e-03   5.46969e-03   1.46118e-04  -3.14273e-03  -2.92413e-02   
3.64184e-08
477/01  1.06173e-03   1.61171e-02   1.45385e-04   2.81088e-03  -3.03922e-02   
5.44719e-06
478/01  1.06976e-03   1.52997e-02   1.43564e-04   3.11059e-03  -3.08673e-02   
1.05523e-05
479/01  1.10651e-03   4.07324e-03   1.45971e-04  -3.00065e-03  -2.94177e-02   
2.59808e-06
480/01  1.09731e-03   6.78862e-03   1.45741e-04  -9.58801e-04  -2.96328e-02   
2.79816e-06
481/01  1.07996e-03   1.02816e-02   1.45970e-04   5.35777e-03  -3.22206e-02  -
2.45226e-06
482/01  1.07370e-03   8.95338e-03   1.48622e-04   8.95965e-04  -2.87555e-02   
7.96268e-07

483/01  1.09691e-03   1.16333e-04   1.49939e-04   3.68823e-03  -3.13551e-02   
6.58897e-06
484/01  1.06553e-03   1.23952e-02   1.46032e-04   5.72961e-03  -3.21447e-02  -
2.45900e-06
485/01  9.86263e-04   2.65290e-02   1.56047e-04   1.10657e-03  -2.62662e-02   
1.02526e-07
486/01  1.05008e-03   2.52799e-02   1.30258e-04   1.44535e-03  -2.87977e-02   
1.05829e-06
487/01  1.07630e-03   2.05947e-02   1.13947e-04   3.48840e-03  -3.05074e-02  -
1.04639e-06
488/01  1.01111e-03   9.30096e-03   1.61887e-04   2.09861e-03  -2.76433e-02   
5.02050e-06
489/01  1.07688e-03   2.74815e-03   1.50703e-04   4.59180e-03  -3.06524e-02  -
6.23783e-06
490/01  1.06172e-03   9.16137e-03   1.49042e-04   2.86919e-03  -3.04415e-02   
2.33969e-06
491/01  1.08989e-03   7.37636e-03   1.44957e-04   2.07593e-03  -3.11475e-02   
2.26998e-06
492/01  1.09439e-03  -2.30557e-03   1.49705e-04   8.02575e-03  -3.54601e-02   
2.68545e-06


 Sta/     OcSlope       Offset       Plcoeff       Tfcoeff       Tscoeff     
dOc/dtcoeff
 Cast      (c1)          (c2)          (c3)          (c4)          (c5)          
(c6)

493/01  1.10072e-03  -2.86152e-03   1.48369e-04   4.71987e-03  -3.25191e-02  -
8.42091e-07
494/01  1.09194e-03   2.63569e-03   1.46867e-04  -1.06389e-03  -3.00606e-02  -
1.21770e-06
495/01  1.11509e-03  -4.98955e-03   1.46086e-04   5.52357e-03  -3.29908e-02   
2.67995e-07
496/01  1.09827e-03  -1.33337e-03   1.46547e-04   2.90691e-03  -3.17842e-02   
1.10393e-06
497/01  1.06069e-03   1.27106e-02   1.46806e-04  -7.93608e-03  -2.58547e-02  -
2.30914e-06
498/02  1.07191e-03   6.72747e-03   1.47424e-04  -1.15187e-03  -2.94050e-02   
1.44469e-06
499/01  1.06803e-03   1.05282e-02   1.43874e-04   5.53977e-03  -3.23868e-02  -
1.95392e-07
500/01  1.07797e-03   1.14175e-02   1.43025e-04  -3.31482e-03  -2.89639e-02  -
2.77988e-06
501/01  1.07320e-03   1.50740e-02   1.40856e-04   2.49790e-03  -3.13063e-02   
1.16771e-06
502/01  1.11952e-03  -3.81513e-03   1.44491e-04   2.03978e-03  -3.13867e-02  -
3.55006e-06

503/01  1.08890e-03   3.25107e-03   1.44930e-04   4.45852e-03  -3.19118e-02   
3.57650e-06
504/01  1.09072e-03   5.10271e-03   1.45306e-04   4.90155e-04  -3.01307e-02   
1.68524e-07
505/02  1.06466e-03   7.80966e-03   1.47582e-04   1.04091e-04  -2.91506e-02   
4.30725e-06
506/01  1.09763e-03   3.08555e-03   1.44119e-04   1.24315e-03  -3.27067e-02   
3.26401e-07
507/01  1.08357e-03   5.23438e-03   1.44586e-04  -3.15323e-04  -3.07945e-02   
1.43540e-06
508/01  1.06556e-03   1.36354e-02   1.41739e-04   3.59388e-03  -3.36870e-02   
3.29657e-06
509/01  1.07267e-03  -5.09354e-03   1.54707e-04   8.78140e-03  -3.58642e-02  -
4.00924e-06
510/01  1.05016e-03   7.18126e-03   1.49676e-04   6.84311e-03  -3.47527e-02   
5.91472e-06
511/01  1.04414e-03  -4.30573e-04   1.57538e-04   5.43559e-03  -3.33926e-02  -
9.30481e-07
512/01  1.02777e-03   8.90130e-03   1.55921e-04   1.35290e-03  -3.06702e-02  -
4.39226e-06

513/01  1.08604e-03  -4.53306e-03   1.50887e-04   9.03041e-03  -3.73435e-02   
6.11307e-06
514/01  1.08330e-03  -4.92620e-03   1.50389e-04   1.30966e-02  -4.01073e-02   
7.36763e-07
515/01  1.07295e-03  -5.43946e-03   1.53426e-04   7.68342e-03  -3.50948e-02   
1.28165e-07
516/01  1.07262e-03   5.41963e-03   1.45492e-04   4.14298e-03  -3.33916e-02  -
6.73634e-07
517/01  1.08530e-03   9.91808e-04   1.45906e-04  -1.79845e-04  -3.14865e-02   
2.03003e-07
518/01  1.05328e-03   6.39805e-03   1.48215e-04   6.27946e-03  -3.39373e-02   
5.64098e-06
519/01  1.09566e-03  -1.58465e-02   1.52540e-04   8.85351e-03  -3.66697e-02   
4.61836e-06
520/01  1.09815e-03  -2.81835e-03   1.41541e-04   5.34060e-03  -3.38047e-02  -
4.16464e-07
521/01  1.05331e-03   6.18857e-03   1.50910e-04   4.01803e-03  -3.15793e-02  -
2.97739e-06
522/01  1.02115e-03   8.17092e-03   1.57619e-04   9.03984e-04  -2.92108e-02   
3.85834e-06

523/01  1.09873e-03  -4.87389e-03   1.44302e-04   3.38773e-03  -3.29384e-02   
6.09634e-06
524/01  9.96859e-04   1.96654e-02   1.52379e-04   1.79464e-03  -2.77111e-02   
3.26357e-06
525/01  1.11127e-03  -1.73699e-02   1.50513e-04   2.41111e-03  -3.30414e-02   
6.16169e-06
526/01  1.07151e-03   9.23713e-04   1.44564e-04   3.99663e-03  -3.28863e-02   
1.28185e-05
527/01  1.04474e-03   5.85622e-03   1.45923e-04   4.29580e-03  -3.15578e-02   
9.97883e-07
528/01  1.11547e-03  -1.48611e-02   1.41128e-04   5.51463e-03  -3.51246e-02   
1.12387e-05
529/01  1.04619e-03   6.02644e-03   1.44130e-04   3.54593e-03  -3.11027e-02   
2.88649e-06
530/01  1.08311e-03  -1.83239e-02   1.54307e-04   1.43582e-03  -3.17420e-02  -
2.34701e-06
531/01  1.05156e-03  -5.14630e-03   1.49243e-04   4.26948e-03  -3.29268e-02   
2.29673e-06
532/01  1.02171e-03  -1.59140e-02   1.69613e-04   4.82534e-03  -3.15460e-02  -
1.80699e-07

533/01  1.07187e-03  -2.54663e-02   1.64638e-04   8.25539e-03  -3.71143e-02   
3.35437e-06
534/01  1.07659e-03  -1.79196e-02   1.59640e-04  -2.75467e-03  -3.15689e-02   
2.20294e-07
535/01  1.16725e-03  -6.53292e-02   1.74434e-04   5.96083e-03  -3.96295e-02   
3.11800e-07
536/01  1.08642e-03  -3.05928e-02   1.64550e-04   8.53337e-03  -3.70283e-02   
1.46029e-06
537/01  1.07519e-03  -2.70075e-02   1.65035e-04   9.15048e-03  -3.74040e-02   
4.50782e-06
538/01  9.95882e-04  -8.64931e-03   1.78136e-04   2.01006e-03  -2.94659e-02  -
3.72223e-06
539/01  1.11024e-03  -1.59356e-02   1.50837e-04   6.64321e-03  -3.70566e-02  -
1.16543e-06
540/01  1.09450e-03  -3.26538e-02   1.69930e-04   8.00364e-03  -3.78710e-02   
1.97302e-06
541/01  1.09414e-03  -2.07201e-02   1.54305e-04   5.04929e-03  -3.49309e-02  -
1.60395e-06
542/01  1.06024e-03  -1.40187e-02   1.54613e-04   8.12216e-03  -3.56530e-02   
1.57558e-07

543/01  1.07760e-03  -2.17304e-02   1.57772e-04   6.66478e-03  -3.48579e-02  -
1.72881e-06
544/01  1.07140e-03  -2.68877e-02   1.61482e-04   3.51692e-03  -3.29937e-02   
2.94126e-06
545/01  1.05908e-03  -4.82464e-02   1.76031e-04  -5.02270e-03  -3.09428e-02   
1.58515e-06
546/01  1.06188e-03  -4.73697e-02   1.66534e-04   5.25464e-03  -3.40723e-02  -
2.75824e-06
547/01  9.55558e-04  -3.65329e-03   1.58976e-04   3.17996e-03  -2.82568e-02   
1.41211e-06
548/01  1.12039e-03  -6.04212e-02   1.62686e-04   1.09729e-02  -3.93283e-02   
2.26415e-05
549/01  9.51792e-04   2.34797e-04   1.67501e-04   5.92366e-03  -3.16345e-02  -
1.97001e-06
550/01  1.01453e-03  -3.05633e-02   1.74864e-04   4.05916e-03  -2.90084e-02   
2.36647e-06
551/01  1.02587e-03   8.88221e-03   1.49679e-04   7.00149e-03  -3.18196e-02   
2.28662e-06
552/01  1.13572e-03  -1.98346e-02   1.52351e-04   3.48093e-03  -3.64251e-02   
5.46748e-06

553/01  1.03818e-03   9.01354e-03   1.52433e-04   2.41897e-03  -2.95076e-02   
4.49451e-07
554/01  1.05541e-03   5.99117e-03   1.52033e-04   6.02580e-03  -3.29286e-02  -
1.84304e-06
555/01  1.07183e-03   5.29849e-03   1.49138e-04   4.77424e-03  -3.17941e-02  -
1.37593e-06
556/01  9.88458e-04   3.50818e-02   1.46486e-04  -2.56890e-03  -2.45470e-02   
2.38202e-06


 Sta/     OcSlope       Offset       Plcoeff       Tfcoeff       Tscoeff     
dOc/dtcoeff
 Cast      (c1)          (c2)          (c3)          (c4)          (c5)          
(c6)

557/01  1.08896e-03  -4.02204e-03   1.53635e-04   6.80873e-03  -3.35474e-02   
4.07773e-06
558/01  1.08855e-03  -4.77789e-03   1.56112e-04   2.80255e-03  -3.12183e-02   
4.03612e-06
559/01  1.00705e-03   4.50188e-02   1.28043e-04   4.44313e-03  -2.99470e-02  -
6.32199e-06
560/01  1.08880e-03   2.55284e-02   1.17350e-04   7.69731e-03  -3.44170e-02   
1.23149e-06
561/01  2.45956e-03  -1.51572e-01  -2.20226e-04   1.80822e-02  -7.08182e-02   
4.12439e-07
562/01  4.88292e-03   1.96746e+00  -1.21707e-03   1.18110e-03  -9.23659e-02  -
1.70071e-06

563/01  1.51430e-03  -2.50586e-02  -6.12079e-06   1.04577e-02  -4.96638e-02   
5.10982e-06
564/01  1.10530e-03   1.97035e-02   1.20248e-04   5.82152e-03  -3.48037e-02   
1.92829e-06
565/01  1.12199e-03  -1.79821e-02   1.56740e-04   4.70891e-03  -3.25363e-02   
3.61991e-07
566/01  9.52398e-04   3.87832e-02   1.51030e-04   2.99126e-03  -2.56889e-02   
9.52886e-06
567/01  1.09868e-03  -3.72498e-03   1.51283e-04   2.57322e-03  -3.13183e-02   
4.93335e-06
568/01  1.02120e-03   1.94125e-02   1.48774e-04   5.64466e-04  -2.73593e-02   
3.97245e-06
569/01  1.05607e-03   1.12009e-02   1.47519e-04   7.02533e-03  -3.36722e-02   
2.26436e-06
570/01  1.05474e-03   1.12820e-02   1.47429e-04   4.90640e-03  -3.25805e-02  -
3.69710e-08
571/01  9.66484e-04   4.13831e-02   1.42545e-04   4.12208e-03  -2.82877e-02   
4.37037e-06
572/01  9.88135e-04   3.42355e-02   1.42888e-04   7.12805e-03  -3.17597e-02   
4.76619e-07

573/01  9.86600e-04   3.67297e-02   1.41692e-04   4.73807e-03  -2.92275e-02  -
1.48253e-07




                                APPENDIX C

             WOCE95-I3:  CTD Shipboard and Processing Comments

      +--------------------------------------------------------------+
      |            Key to Problem/Comment Abbreviations              |
      +------+-------------------------------------------------------+
      |BQ    | bottle oxygen value(s) questionable/missing, need to  |
      |      | estimate for ctdoxy fit                               |
      |CO    | conductivity offset                                   |
      |DI    | density inversion: data consistent/smooth in time-    |
      |      | series CTD, possibly real                             |
      |OB    | bottom ctdoxy signal shift coincides with slowdown    |
      |      | for bottom approach                                   |
      |OF    | ctdoxy fit off 0.02 ml/l or more compared to bottle   |
      |      | data (plus nearby and/or duplicate-position ctd       |
      |      | casts)                                                |
      |OK    | ctdoxy data consistent with nearby and/or repeat      |
      |      | cast(s) (+/-0.02 ml/l) after offset/despiking; may be |
      |      | coded 3 anyways because of extensive despiking or     |
      |      | multiple offsets                                      |
      |OL    | ctdoxy fit low near surface: either slow cast start   |
      |      | or low ctdoxy signal                                  |
      |ON    | ctdoxy signal unusually noisy                         |
      |OS    | raw ctdoxy signal shifts                              |
      |SS    | probable sea slime on conductivity sensor             |
      |WS    | winch slowdown/stop, potential shift in ctdoxy signal |
      |      | (also, see "OB")                                      |
      +------+-------------------------------------------------------+
      |            Key to Solution/Action Abbreviations              |
      +------+-------------------------------------------------------+
      |DO    | despiked raw ctdoxy, despiked data ok unless          |
      |      | otherwise indicated                                   |
      |DS    | despiked salinity, changed temperature and/or         |
      |      | conductivity - see .ctd file codes                    |
      |EB    | used nearby bottles and/or casts to estimate bottle   |
      |      | oxygen value for ctdoxy fit                           |
      |NA    | no action taken, used default quality code 2          |
      |NR    | cast not processed, not reported with final data      |
      |O3/O4 | quality code 3/4 oxygen in .ctd file for pressures    |
      |      | specified                                             |
      |OC    | offset conductivity channel to account for            |
      |      | shift/offset                                          |
      |RO    | offset raw ctdoxy data to account for signal shift    |
      |      | caused by slowdown/stop/yoyo; usually "DO" in         |
      |      | transition area near offset                           |
      +------+-------------------------------------------------------+



  +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | Cast    Problem/Comment                  Solution/Action            |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+
  | 443/01 |start with ctdoxy sensor        |                           |
  |        |3-03-10                         |                           |
  | 444/01 |OB                              |RO +10/126-154db(btm)      |
  | 445/01 |WS/0.6 mins. at 354db,          |RO +10/408-410db,          |
  |        |OB/ON/consistently noisy+low    |                           |
  |        |at bottom: matches bottles      |RO +20/412-414db(btm),     |
  |        |after despiking, not comparable |DO/O3/348-414db(btm)       |
  |        |to nearby casts                 |                           |
  | 446/01 |ON/OL/OK                        |DO/0-48db                  |
  | 447/01 |OS/OL/OK                        |RO +100/0-58db, DO         |
  | 448/01 |OL/ctdoxy bulges low relative   |DO/O3/0-40db               |
  |        |to nearby casts                 |                           |
  | 449/01 |WS/1.5 mins. at 0-4db, DI       |NA                         |
  |        |-0.017/0-6db                    |                           |
  | 450/01 |BQ/2018-4326db, 10 consecutive  |EB/sta 451 deep bottle     |
  |        |bottle oxys                     |values used to fit ctdoxy  |
  | 451/01 |DI -0.021/0-2db;                |NA; DO/280-540db           |
  |        |ON/intermittent                 |                           |
  |        |BQ/5020db bottom bottle         |EB                         |
  |        |                                |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+





  +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | Cast    Problem/Comment                  Solution/Action            |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+
  | 452/01 |DI -0.022/0-6db;                |NA; DO/160-520db           |
  |        |ON/intermittent                 |                           |
  |        |OB                              |RO +2/5030-5134db(btm)     |
  | 454/01 |spare ctdoxy sensor 4-05-16     |DO/4722-4998db             |
  |        |installed prior to cast:        |                           |
  |        |ON/intermittent                 |                           |
  | 456/01 |OS/unknown cause; last cast for |DO/4320-4378db             |
  |        |this ctdoxy sensor              |                           |
  |        |WS/0.6 mins. at 5082db, unusual |DO/O3/5112-5138db(btm)     |
  |        |rise in ctdoxy at bottom        |                           |
  | 457/01 |spare ctdoxy sensor 5-01-04     |                           |
  |        |installed prior to cast;        |                           |
  |        |ON/constant, extreme noise in   |                           |
  |        |ctdoxy signal over large area:  |                           |
  |        |OK                              |                           |
  |        |up-cast reported shipboard      |down-cast processed for    |
  |        |despite noisy section           |final data                 |
  |        |(despiked) in high-gradient     |                           |
  |        |area                            |                           |
  | 458/01 |ctdoxy sensor connections       |                           |
  |        |reseated prior to cast: signal  |                           |
  |        |looks fine now                  |                           |
  | 459/01 |OB                              |RO +1/5592-5622db(btm)     |
  | 461/01 |BQ/5860db bottom bottle; odd    |EB; NA/matches bottle and  |
  |        |~0.03 ml/l drop at              |nearby stas                |
  |        |5562-5862db(btm)                |                           |
  | 463/01 |BQ/5810db bottom bottle         |EB                         |
  | 464/01 |OF: 0.02 ml/l low               |O3/4570-5182db             |
  |        |end cast at 5990m (wire-out) to |                           |
  |        |keep press within laboratory    |                           |
  |        |calibration range               |                           |
  | 465/01 |OF: 0.02 ml/l low compared to   |NA/3636-4570db             |
  |        |bottles, ok compared to nearby  |                           |
  |        |ctd casts                       |                           |
  | 467/01 |BQ/5926db bottom bottle; ctdoxy |EB; O3/5686-5928db(btm)    |
  |        |bulges ~0.03 ml/l high compared |                           |
  |        |to nearby casts, no bottles to  |                           |
  |        |compare with                    |                           |
  | 468/01 |OL/ctdoxy bulges low relative   |DO/O3/0-50db               |
  |        |to nearby casts                 |                           |
  |        |BQ/6088db bottom bottle         |EB                         |
  | 470/01 |ctdoxy bulges ~0.03 ml/l high   |O3/5072-5424db(btm)        |
  |        |compared to nearby casts,       |                           |
  |        |bottom bottle                   |                           |
  | 471/01 |ON, very high ctdoxy: OK        |RO -30/2-12db, RO          |
  |        |                                |-20/14-28db,               |
  |        |                                |RO -10/30-38db,            |
  |        |                                |DO/O3/0-50db               |
  |        |OB                              |RO +1/5182-5192db,         |
  |        |                                |RO +2/5194-5198db(btm)     |
  | 473/01 |BQ/5179db bottom bottle         |EB                         |
  | 474/01 |OB                              |RO +1/5376-5388db(btm)     |
  | 477/01 |SS/CO -0.0025 mmho/cm           |OC/DS/2252-2408db          |
  | 478/01 |OL/OF: 0.10 ml/l low            |DO/O3/0-24db               |
  |        |OF: 0.02 ml/l low, then high at |O3/3702-4868db(btm)        |
  |        |bottom                          |                           |
  | 480/01 |OF: 0.02 ml/l low, drops before |O3/5444-5480db(btm)        |
  |        |slowdown; bottom bottle also    |                           |
  |        |low, no nearby casts this deep: |                           |
  |        |possibly real?                  |                           |
  | 481/01 |WS/0.7 mins. at 0-4db; DI       |NA                         |
  |        |-0.019/0-6db                    |                           |
  |        |BQ/12db surface bottle;         |EB; DO/0-76db              |
  |        |ON/OL/OK                        |                           |
  |        |pdr bottom ~500m shallower than |                           |
  |        |wire out or CTD depth: ok,      |                           |
  |        |400+m dropoff 10 mins after     |                           |
  |        |leaving station                 |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+





  +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | Cast    Problem/Comment                  Solution/Action            |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+
  | 483/01 |ON/OL/~0.05 ml/l low compared   |DO/O3/0-22db               |
  |        |to bottle, nearby casts         |                           |
  |        |OB                              |RO +1/5058-5066db, RO      |
  |        |                                |+2/5068-5070db,            |
  |        |                                |RO +3/5072-5074db(btm)     |
  | 484/01 |OB                              |RO +2/3156-3196db(btm)     |
  | 485/01 |SS/CO -0.005 mmho/cm            |OC/DS/1658-1700db          |
  |        |unusual ~0.03 ml/l drop in      |NA/2014-2328db             |
  |        |ctdoxy at bottom, no slowdown;  |                           |
  |        |matches 4 of 5 bottles but not  |                           |
  |        |previous cast                   |                           |
  | 487/01 |WS/1.3 mins. at 518db to        |NA/any ctdoxy effect lost  |
  |        |reposition ship: wire against   |in background noise        |
  |        |the hull                        |                           |
  |        |OB/OF: to 0.03 ml/l low at      |RO +2/2024-2034db(btm),    |
  |        |bottom, slowdowns at            |O3/1844-2034db(btm)        |
  |        |1842/1860db                     |                           |
  | 489/01 |DI -0.017/0-10db                |NA                         |
  |        |OS/OL/~0.08 ml/l low after      |RO +120/2-24db, RO         |
  |        |offset compared to              |+100/26-36db,              |
  |        |stas 487+488, ok compared to    |RO +70/38-42db,            |
  |        |bottle and sta 490              |DO/O3/0-42db               |
  | 491/01 |WS/0.8 mins. at 0-4db; DI       |NA                         |
  |        |-0.016/0-10db                   |                           |
  |        |ON/OL/OK                        |DO/0-68db                  |
  | 492/01 |ON/OL/OK                        |DO/RO +20/0-24db           |
  | 493/01 |BQ/7db surface bottle           |EB                         |
  |        |OB                              |RO -1/4870-4884db(btm)     |
  | 496/01 |ON/OL/OK                        |DO/2-70db                  |
  | 498/01 |ABORT - wire trouble: no signal |NR                         |
  |        |after acquisition started,      |                           |
  |        |before cast in water            |                           |
  | 498/02 |switch to stbd winch w/broken-  |                           |
  |        |strand wire prior to cast       |                           |
  |        |C-sensor cover empty/dry prior  |NA/signal looks ok         |
  |        |to cast                         |                           |
  |        |ON/OL/still ~0.05 ml/l low      |DO/2-68db                  |
  |        |compared to nearby casts after  |                           |
  |        |despiking, but matches own 2    |                           |
  |        |bottles this area=ok?           |                           |
  | 499/01 |OS/OL/OK                        |RO +60/2-18db              |
  |        |WS/1.3 mins. at 48db to check   |NA/no apparent effect on   |
  |        |winch noises                    |ctdoxy signal              |
  |        |BQ/4920db bottom bottle; OB     |EB; RO                     |
  |        |                                |-1/4918-4924db(btm)        |
  |        |major signal noise/all          |cut off ~100m (stbd) wire  |
  |        |channels/after bottom trip:     |after cast, reterminated   |
  |        |jumpy/unstable voltage to ~     |                           |
  |        |1000m up; signal went crazy     |                           |
  |        |again when stopped to tape      |                           |
  |        |broken strand on wire ~50m up   |                           |
  | 500/01 |switch back to port winch with  |                           |
  |        |new termination using 2         |                           |
  |        |conductors                      |                           |
  |        |OB                              |RO +1/4924-4938db(btm)     |
  | 502/01 |BQ/7db surface bottle           |EB                         |
  |        |OB                              |RO +1/5202-5214db(btm)     |
  | 504/01 |switch to stbd winch prior to   |                           |
  |        |cast                            |                           |
  |        |cast position data missing,     |                           |
  |        |recovered from ship's computer  |                           |
  | 505/01 |TEST cast to check out          |NR                         |
  |        |potential wire/voltage problem  |                           |
  |        |voltage drops at every test     |crank up volts/current     |
  |        |trip, sometimes sticks low even |and continue to use stbd   |
  |        |after winch starts moving: one  |winch on cast 2            |
  |        |of two conductors tied together |                           |
  |        |staying open                    |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+





  +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | Cast    Problem/Comment                  Solution/Action            |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+
  | 505/02 |WS/1.2 mins. at 3380-3390db,    |DO/3386-3400db             |
  |        |winch op. heard wrong target    |                           |
  |        |depth: inversion in ctdoxy near |                           |
  |        |stop                            |                           |
  |        |OB                              |RO -1/4434-4448db(btm)     |
  | 506/01 |(stbd) sliprings                |                           |
  |        |replaced/repaired               |                           |
  |        |WS/1.4 mins. at 0-6db; choppy   |DO/0-10db                  |
  |        |seas/20-30 knot winds; OL/very  |                           |
  |        |low raw ctdoxy: OK              |                           |
  | 509/01 |conductivity signal noisy:      |DS/2500-4694db             |
  |        |+/-0.002 mmho/cm                |                           |
  |        |ON/much signal oscillation      |O3/2500-4694db(btm)        |
  |        |compared to upcast, nearby      |                           |
  |        |casts                           |                           |
  | 515/01 |WS/1.0 mins. at 0-6db, ON       |DO/0-78db                  |
  |        |BQ/6db surface bottle           |EB                         |
  |        |OF: 0.02 ml/l low               |O3/3116-3350db(btm)        |
  | 520/01 |ON/OS/OL/overlays surface       |DO, RO +40/2-64db          |
  |        |bottle and sta 519 after offset |                           |
  |        |WS/0.8 mins. at 2830db          |DO/2830-2842db             |
  |        |OB                              |RO +3/2964-2970db(btm)     |
  | 521/01 |OB/OF: 0.03 ml/l high           |O3/2408-2478db(btm)        |
  | 524/01 |wind 20 knots; OS/OL/OK         |RO +60/2-18db              |
  | 525/01 |OS/OL/OK                        |RO +100/2-32db, RO         |
  |        |                                |+40/34-48db, DO/0-48db     |
  | 526/01 |OL/OF: 0.10 ml/l low            |DO/O3/0-54db               |
  |        |WS/1.8 mins. at 1752-1766db:    |NA/ctdoxy effect on the    |
  |        |"wobble" in the wire            |order of background noise  |
  | 528/01 |DI -0.015/0-6db; OL/OF: 0.10    |DO/O3/0-16db               |
  |        |ml/l low                        |                           |
  |        |SS/CO -0.16 to -0.47 mmho/cm    |DS/544-558db               |
  | 530/01 |wind 13 knots; OS/OL/OK         |RO +40/8-30db              |
  | 531/01 |BQ/3439+3607db, bottom two      |EB                         |
  |        |bottles                         |                           |
  | 532/01 |OS/OK                           |RO +60/2-18db, RO          |
  |        |                                |+20/20-28db                |
  |        |OB                              |RO +1/3710-3726db(btm)     |
  | 533/01 |OS/OK                           |RO +20/2-24db, RO          |
  |        |                                |-40/26-44db                |
  |        |OB                              |RO -1/3944-3952db(btm)     |
  | 535/01 |ON/OS/OL/OF: nearly 0.10 ml/l   |RO +30/16-40db,            |
  |        |low                             |DO/O3/0-84db               |
  | 536/01 |wind 15 knots; OS/OL/OK         |RO +60/2-26db              |
  | 537/01 |DI -0.016/0-10db; OS/OL/OK      |RO +20/2-26db              |
  | 538/01 |DI -0.017/0-6db; OS/OL/OK       |DO, RO +60/2-16db          |
  | 539/01 |OS/OK                           |RO +80/12-20db, RO         |
  |        |                                |+40/22-28db                |
  |        |DI -0.012/850-854db, +0.09      |NA/inversion probably      |
  |        |deg.C temp. is real: LADCP      |real                       |
  |        |noted unusual 1-kt. current     |                           |
  |        |735-870db; bottom of            |                           |
  |        |shear/probable mixing here      |                           |
  | 541/01 |OS/OL/OK                        |RO +50/0-12db, RO          |
  |        |                                |+20/14-20db, DO/0-20       |
  |        |OB                              |RO +3/2606-2628db(btm)     |
  | 543/01 |OS/OL/OK                        |RO +20/0-18db, RO          |
  |        |                                |+50/20-52db,               |
  |        |                                |RO +20/54-70db, DO/0-70db  |
  | 544/01 |OL/OK                           |RO +80/2-8db, RO           |
  |        |                                |+40/10-52db, DO/0-52db     |
  | 545/01 |first cast in 3 days after port |NA/no apparent effect on   |
  |        |stop to pick up observers       |sensors                    |
  |        |OF: up to 0.15 ml/l low         |O3/474-656db               |
  | 547/01 |DI -0.018/0-6db; OS/OL/OK       |RO +70/2-38db, RO          |
  |        |                                |+40/40-46db, DO/2-46db     |
  | 548/01 |OL/OF: 0.10 to 0.15 ml/l low    |DO/O3/0-54db               |
  |        |OF: 0.02 ml/l low, then high    |O3/3070-4222db(btm)        |
  |        |                                |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  |        |                                |                           |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+





  +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
  | Cast    Problem/Comment                  Solution/Action            |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+
  | 549/01 |slowed at 4800m (wire-out) on   |O4 4364-4946db             |
  |        |down; OF: to 0.10 ml/l high at  |                           |
  |        |bottom                          |                           |
  | 551/01 |OS/OL/OK                        |DO/RO/0-26db               |
  |        |OS                              |RO +50/0-10db              |
  |        |OS                              |RO +40/12-26db             |
  | 552/01 |OS                              |RO +20/0-24db              |
  |        |BQ/5017db bottom bottle         |EB                         |
  | 553/01 |OF: to 0.02ml/l high near       |O3/4942-4990db             |
  |        |bottom, matches better after OB |                           |
  | 554/01 |OS                              |RO +60/2-34db              |
  |        |BQ/4978db bottom bottle         |EB                         |
  | 555/01 |BQ/4925db bottom bottle         |EB                         |
  | 556/01 |OL/OF: 0.15 ml/l low            |DO/O3/0-60db               |
  |        |OF: 0.03 ml/l low compared to   |NA/3550-4226db             |
  |        |bottles, ok compared to sta 555 |                           |
  |        |and sta 568 (same position)     |                           |
  |        |OF: 0.02 ml/l high by bottom    |O3/4284-4830db(btm)        |
  |        |OB                              |RO -1/4814-4830db(btm)     |
  | 557/01 |OS/OL/OK                        |RO +80/2-20db, RO          |
  |        |                                |+40/22-24db, DO/0-24db     |
  | 558/01 |OS/OL/OF: 0.10 ml/l low         |RO +60/2-26db,             |
  |        |                                |DO/O3/0-64db               |
  | 559/01 |OL/OF: 0.10+ ml/l low           |DO/O3/0-50db               |
  | 560/01 |OS/OK                           |RO +40/0-44db              |
  | 562/01 |winch speed 45m/min. max        |                           |
  | 564/01 |BQ/8db surface bottle           |EB                         |
  | 565/01 |OB                              |RO +2/2928-2936db(btm)     |
  | 566/01 |OS/OK                           |RO +30/2-14db              |
  |        |OF: 0.05+ ml/l high; bottle     |O3/3080-3564db             |
  |        |suspiciously high, no other     |                           |
  |        |bottles to rely on              |                           |
  | 569/01 |OS/OK                           |RO +90/14-26db             |
  | 570/01 |OB                              |RO +2/4960-4978db(btm)     |
  | 573/01 |BQ/2db surface bottle           |EB                         |
  +--------+--------------------------------+---------------------------+





                                APPENDIX D

                    WOCE95-I3:  Bottle Quality Comments

Remarks for deleted samples, missing samples, PI data comments, and WOCE
codes other than 2 from WOCE I03/ICM3 KN-145.8.  Investigation of data may
include comparison of bottle salinity and oxygen data with CTD data, review
of data plots of the station profile and adjoining stations, and rereading
of charts (i.e., nutrients).  Comments from the Sample Logs and the results
of ODF's investigations are included in this report.  Units stated in these
comments are degrees Celsius for temperature, Practical Salinity Units for
salinity, and unless otherwise noted, milliliters per liter for oxygen and
micromoles per liter for Silicate, Nitrate, Nitrite, and Phosphate.  The
first number before the comment is the cast number (CASTNO) times 100 plus
the bottle number (BTLNBR).

STATION 443

Cast 1         TIC:"Salinometers are not performing well.  Electronics in
               both instruments need to be adjusted and air temp in room
               fluctuating badly."

136            Oxygen value 0.04 ml/l high compared to CTD oxygen and NB35
               at same level.  Footnote oxygen questionable.

133            Oxygen value 0.30 ml/l low compared to CTD oxygen.  Small
               feature (low value) in salinity and nutrients all high.
               Couldn't be leaking bottle, though, since this is lowest
               oxygen value in water column.  Footnote oxygen questionable.

131-136        Footnote salinity questionable. See Cast 1 salinity comment.

130            Sample Log: "spigot in open position."  Oxygen low; NO2,
               silicate, PO4 all high.  Footnote all bottle parameters bad.

129            Sample Log: "bottom end-cap leak (C.H. reseated cap.)"
               Sample values appear to be OK.

117            Sample Log: "Oxygen on NB17 redrawn; stopper on flask
               defective.  So flask replaced."

121            Sample Log: "bottom end-cap leak".  Other than salinity,
               sample values appear to be OK.

110            Several bottles tripped together. Oxygen value 2.0 ml/l too
               low. Footnote oxygen bad.

101-129        Footnote salinity questionable. See Cast 1 salinity comment.


STATION 444

102            Oxygen comments:"Thio shaken/ x5" No apparent affect on
               oxygen values.

101            Oxygen comments:"No flush thio" No apparent affect on oxygen
               values.


STATION 445

101-102        CTD processor: "CTD oxy consistently noisy, low at bottom:
               matches btls after despiking."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.


STATION 446

112            Sample Log indicates salinity sample drawn, but sample not
               analyzed.  No reason noted. Footnote salinity value not
               reported.

103            Sample Log:"NB3 slight drip on bottom cap, adjusted cap
               stopped drip."  No apparent affect on bottle values.


STATION 447

121            Surface oxygen values on stations 447 and 448 are 0.10 ml/l
               higher than stations 444-446 and stations 449-450 and CTD
               oxygen values.  Analyst notes there was a bubble in station
               447 flask; there may have been similar problem in station
               448 also.  Footnote oxygen questionable.

115            Sample Log:"Bottom end-cap leaking".  No apparent affect on
               bottle parameters.


STATION 448

121            Surface oxygen values on stations 447 and 448 are 0.10 ml/l
               higher than stations 444-446 and stations 449-450 and CTD
               oxygen values.  Analyst notes there was a bubble in station
               447 flask; there may have been similar problem in station
               448 also.  Footnote oxygen questionable.

120-121        CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges low relative to nearby
               casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

118            Sample log:"Top end-cap leaking."  No apparent affect on
               data.

103            Oxygen Printout: "stir-bar late".  Value close to 0.0,
               clearly a bad value compared to adjacent stations.  Footnote
               oxygen bad.


STATION 449

Cast 1         Salinity analyst's log: "Salinity samples allowed to
               equilibrate for only 2 hours before run on salinometer."  No
               apparent affect on data.

101-131        Nutrient Analyst notes: "NO3 F1s questionable due to Cadmium
               Column Change."  NO3 values appear 0.5 um/l high.  Footnote
               all nitrate values uncertain.  Salinity samples allowed to
               equilibrate for only 2 hours before run on salinometer.
               However, bottle salinity values compare well with ctd
               salinities and adjacent stations.  Salinity values OK.


STATION 450

Cast 1         Sample log: "O2 first draw from NB1 to NB22 had wrong amount
               of reagents added.  Resampled w/ correct amount of reagent."
               Oxygen value OK unless otherwise noted.

119-120        Footnote oxygen questionable.  NB19 to NB20 (at a Oxy
               minimum) look too high compared to both nearby casts and
               CTDOXY even though this is the middle of the Leeuwin current
               with a lot of variability.  PI agrees.

102-111        Footnote oxygen questionable. Refer to cast 1 Sample Log
               oxygen comment. Oxygen values look 0.1 ml/l high compared to
               down and up traces on CTDOXY and station 451.


STATION 451

Cast 1         Standard Dial on salinometer was adjusted by 16 units
               downward from previous station.  Suspect bad wormly standard
               at beginning of run. All sample values off by about 0.0026.
               That offset was applied and plots with ctd salinity agree.

123            Sample Log:"Bottom cap leaking".  No apparent affect on
               data.

101            PI: "Oxygen value too low."  Oxygen value appears 0.08ml/l
               low.  Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 452

127            Oxygen sample mistakenly not drawn on NB27.  Part of a
               systematic drawing error involving NB27 through NB31. Errors
               corrected except no value to report on NB27.

123            Sample Log: "Bottom cap leaks".  No apparent affect on
               bottle values when compared to adjacent stations and CTD
               salinity.

122            Sample Log:"NB22 leaks at petcock (petcock open, vent
               closed)."  No apparent affect on bottle values when compared
               to adjacent stations and CTD salinity.


STATION 453

132            Sample log: "bottom end-cap leaking (maybe)".  Salinity
               value consistent with CTD and adjacent stations.

127            Sample log: "bottom end-cap leaking".  Salinity value
               consistent with CTD and adjacent stations.

123            Sample log: "bottom end-cap leaking".  Salinity value
               consistent with CTD and adjacent stations.


STATION 454

127            Sample log: "Small bottom cap leak".  No apparent affect on
               bottle values.

125            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks w/ vent open - small leak."
               No apparent affect on bottle values.

115            Analyst note: "Oxygen sample lost during analysis."

109-116        Nutrient Analyst: "Possible temperature stability problem in
               lab."  Phosphate value 0.1 um/l high compared adjacent
               stations, Silicate a little low but within WOCE standards.
               Other bottle parameters unaffected.  Footnote Phosphate
               questionable.


STATION 456

136            Sample log: "No nuts, Salinity, or Ba samples from NB36- H2O
               exhausted".  Nutrient and salinity samples not drawn.

127            Sample log: "NB27 may be leaking from bottom end-cap."  No
               apparent affect on bottle data.

119-120        All nutrient values from NB19 seem to indicate samples were
               switched with NB20. Other bottle parameters OK.  Could be
               drawing error. PI agrees. Error corrected, nutrient values
               appear consistent with adjacent stations.

101            CTD processor: "Unusual rise in CTD oxy at bottom."
               Footnote CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 457

120-124        CTD processor: "Constant, extreme noise in CTD oxy signal
               over large area.  Looks OK after extensive despike (new
               ctdoxy sensor)."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

119            Oxygen value 0.10 ml/l high compared to adjacent stations
               and CTD oxy value.  No analyst notes.  Footnote oxygen
               questionable.

116            Oxygen value 1.5 ml/l too high compared to adjacent
               stations. No analyst notes.  Recommend deletion.  Footnote
               oxygen value bad.

111            Salinity value is slightly off compared to adjacent stations
               and CTD value.  Footnote salinity questionable.

109            Value is slightly off compared to adjacent stations and CTD
               value.  Footnote salinity questionable.


STATION 458

115            Sample log: "Top cap leaked air - repositioning stopped
               leak."  No apparent affect on data.


STATION 459

124            Oxygen values from NB23 through NB35 to not compare well
               with CTDOXY and values from adjacent stations.  Suspect
               flask intended for NB23 was drawn on NB24 and all following
               draws were then one off, till two flasks were mistakenly
               drawn on NB35.  Corrections were made, data fits profiles of
               adjacent stations and plots of Silicate vs Oxygen. Oxygen
               values now OK.  PI agrees.

123            Oxygen sample mistakenly not drawn on NB23. See comments on
               124.

106            NO-confirm from pylon at first trip attempt.  Re-
               initialized, second trip confirmed ok.  All bottles appear
               to have tripped at correct depths.

103            Sample log: "NB3 bottom end-cap leaking; small twist
               corrected it."  No apparent affect on data.


STATION 460

132            Oxygen value 0.10 ml/l low compared to CTD oxy.  Nearly same
               oxy value and draw temperature as NB33, could be duplicate
               draw.  Footnote oxygen questionable.

125            Sample log: "NB25 bottom end-cap leak."  No apparent affect
               on bottle data.

119            Oxygen values from NB18 through NB23 do not compare well
               with CTDOXY and values from adjacent stations.  Suspect
               flask intended for NB18 was drawn on NB19 and all following
               draws were then one off, till two flasks were mistakenly
               drawn on NB23.  Corrections were made to Oxygen File, data
               fits profiles of adjacent stations and plots of Silicate vs
               Oxygen. PI agrees.  After changes oxygen values OK.

118            Oxygen sample mistakenly not drawn from NB18. See comments
               on 119.  Footnote Oxygen not drawn.

103            Sample log: "NB3 bottom end-cap leaking; small twist
               corrected it."  Delta-S -0.0022 PSU.  Salinity value a
               little low compared to CTD salinity and adjacent stations.
               Footnote salinity questionable.


STATION 461

131            Sample log:"Lanyard caught, bottom end-cap failed to close".
               No samples drawn from NB31.

101            Bottle oxygen value 0.03 ml/l low when plotted against
               adjacent stations and CTD oxy value.  Footnote questionable.


STATION 462

135            Sample log: "NB35 leaking; end caps OK, top valve presumed
               not completely closed."  No apparent affect on data.

114            PI:"O2 number 114 looks high to me by about 0.1ml/l; mark it
               '3'.BW".  Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 463

126            Oxygen Analyst notes he lost sample during analysis.
               Footnote oxygen not reported.

116            Nutrient Analyst: "Nutrients: No samples - Timer messed up
               and went to sw."  No nutrient values reported.

104            Sample log: "NB4 leaking from bottom end-cap."  No apparent
               affect to data.

101            PI: "Bottom O2 looks low to me by 0.08ml/l; mark it '3'.BW."
               Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 464

125            Sample Log: "Slight leak at bottom cap - adjusted cap
               stopped leak."  No apparent affect on data.

108            Oxygen value 0.3ml/l too low compared to adjacent stations.
               Footnote oxygen value bad.

107            Sample log:"Slight leak at bottom cap - adjusted cap stopped
               leak."  No apparent affect on data.

104-106        CTD processor: "CTD oxy looks about 0.02 ml/l low compared
               to bottles and nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.


STATION 465

105-108        CTD processor: "CTD oxygen looks about 0.02 ml/l low
               compared to to bottle values, OK compared to nearby casts."


STATION 466

116-117        Sample log: "NB16 and NB17 failed to close."  No bottle
               samples.  Console Log: "Odd-confirm on NB16, NB17 - both
               came up open.  Pylon manually re-posn'd prior to tripping
               NB18.  Btl pressures for NB18 - NB36 look OK based on oxy
               fits."


STATION 467

121            Silicate value looks 2uM too high compared to adjacent
               stations.  However, there is a small feature at that depth
               in CTDO, oxygen, CTD salinity and bottle salinity.  Silicate
               value OK.  PI agrees.

110            Sample Log: "NB10 leaked at petcock - repositioned top cap
               stopped leak." No apparent affect on data.

101            Bottle oxygen value 0.05 ml/l low when plotted against
               adjacent stations and CTD oxy value.  Footnote questionable.


STATION 468

136            CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges low relative to nearby
               casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

125            Delta-S at 711db is -0.0105 PSU, salinity is 34.492 PSU.
               CTD trace shows complex salinity structure in this area. By
               comparison of adjacent stations, data OK.  PI agrees.

124            Delta-S at 812db is -0.0112 PSU, salinity is 34.509 PSU.
               CTD trace shows complex salinity structure in this area. By
               comparison of adjacent stations, data OK.  PI agrees.

101            Bottle oxygen value 0.03 ml/l low when plotted against
               adjacent stations and CTD oxy value.  Footnote questionable.


STATION 469

130            Delta-S at 310db is -0.0279 PSU, salinity is 35.348 PSU.
               Area of steep salinity gradient. Salinity value OK.  PI
               agrees.

122            Nutrient Analyst note: "NB22 nitrate value slightly high,
               looks real.  Matches station 460."  PI agrees.

112            Delta-S at 2831db is 0.0020 PSU.  This slight difference is
               within guidelines.  Footnote salinity OK.


STATION 470

128            Sample log:"Oxygen on NB28 was resampled after improper
               reagent addition."  No affect on data.

109            Oxygen analyst note: "109 lost, hit escape while titrating."
               Footnote oxygen value not reported.

105            Sample log: "NB5 slight leak at bottom cap".  No apparent
               affect on bottle samples.

101            CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges 0.03 ml/l high compared to to
               nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 471

136            CTD processor: "Very high raw CTD oxy, better after
               despiking."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

124            PI: "Oxygen looks too low to me - suspiciously like a
               repeated sampling of NB23. I think it should be rejected.BW"
               Footnote oxygen value bad.


STATION 472

102            Analyst notes: "PO4 looks high; no analytical problems."
               Phosphate value looks 0.01uM high compared to adjacent
               stations. Footnote phosphate questionable.


STATION 473

136            Sample Log:"NB36 ran out of water for salt."  Footnote
               salinity not reported.

129            Sample Log: "Slight leak from bottom cap - stopped after cap
               adjusted." No apparent affect on data.

125            Sample Log:"Slight leak from bottom cap - stopped after cap
               adjusted." No apparent affect on data.

101            Oxygen value appears 0.4ml/l too high. No notes of any
               problems. PI: "Code should be a 4."  Footnote oxygen bad.


STATION 474

131            Nitrate, phosphate and silicate all appear low compared to
               station 473. However, there is a feature seen in oxygen and
               salinity at this level. Data OK.  PI agrees.

107            Sample log: "Slight leak - stopped after top cap adjusted."
               No apparent affect in data.


STATION 475

132            Delta-S at 209db is 0.0261 PSU, salinity is 35.690 PSU.
               Small feature in profile at this level with steep gradient.
               Footnote salinity OK.

110            Oxygen analyst note: "Found with wrong stopper in flask."
               PI: "This value looks just fine on the theta - oxygen plot.
               I don't think it deserves a finger of scorn. BW."  Oxygen
               value OK.

109            Analyst note: "Nitrate looks high - no analytical problem."
               NO3 value OK.  Oxygen analyst note: "Found with wrong
               stopper in flask."  Oxygen value compares well with adjacent
               stations when plotted vs potential temp. Oxygen value OK.
               PI: "Nitrate and silicate both relatively high on theta
               plots, but oxygen is consistent in being relatively low.
               Salinity seems anomalous too (smidgen low). So these
               observations seem to hang together, and I think they are OK.
               BW."


STATION 476

133            Sample log: "Vent was open."  No apparent affect on data
               compared to adjacent stations.

113            Delta-S at 2712db is 0.0023 PSU, salinity is 34.727 PSU.
               PI: "This value looks fine on the theta - salinity plot, so
               I think it's OK. BW"


STATION 478

136            Sample log: "Leaks - bit of lanyard in top half."  No
               apparent affect on data.  CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges low
               relative to nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

125            Sample log: "Leaking slightly from bottom end cap when valve
               open." No apparent affect on data.

101-105        CTD processor: "CTD oxy looks 0.02 ml/l low (high at bottom)
               compared to bottles and nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.


STATION 479

125            Sample log: "Leak at bottom cap."  No apparent affect on
               data.

115            Sample log: "Slight leak at bottom end cap - stopped after
               adjusted bottom cap."  No apparent affect on data.

114            Sample log: "Oxygen temp was interpolated after draw."


STATION 480

131            Nutrient Analyst: "Nutrients: Sample tube empty."  By
               mistake, no nutrient samples drawn on NB31.

116            Salinity value doesn't compare well with CTD salinity or
               adjacent stations.  No log entries. Footnote salinity
               questionable.  Delta-S at 2022db is -0.0073 PSU, salinity is
               34.713 PSU.

115            Sample log: "Bottom end cap leaks". No apparent affect on
               data.

114            Sample log: "Bottom end cap leaks". No apparent affect on
               data.

101            CTD processor: "Unusual 0.02 ml/l drop in CTD oxy near,
               bottom bottle also low; no nearby casts this deep; could be
               real?"  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 481

136            Sample log: "Maybe suspect because brought out of water at
               surface check."  Delta-S is small, -0.0006 PSU.  and
               nutrient measurements look OK.  However, oxygen value may be
               0.05 ml/l high compared to CTD oxygen and values at adjacent
               stations.  Footnote oxygen questionable.

125            Sample log: "Leaking a little at bottom."  No apparent
               affect on data.


STATION 482

129            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - slight."  No apparent affect
               on data.

125            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak."  No apparent affect on data.

122            Delta-S at 1012db is 0.0075 PSU, salinity is 34.600 PSU.  No
               analyst note, only two runs on salinometer.  Footnote
               salinity  questionable.

115            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak."  No apparent affect on data.

101            Sample log: "NB1 redrawn after oxygen reagent bottle fixed."
               No apparent affect on oxygen sample.  Delta-S is -0.0022
               PSU.  Salinity value a little low compared to CTD salinity
               and adjacent stations.  Footnote salinity questionable.


STATION 483

Cast 1         PI: "I am uneasy about the phosphates on stations 483 and
               484: at theta 1.5 - 4.5 C, they are high by about 0.1 uM/L
               compared with other stations.  On Sta 484 oxygen is high in
               this temperature range and silica is correspondingly low
               (NO3 is ho-hum), so phosphate "ought" to have been low as
               well.  But it's the other way around.BW."  Nutrient Analyst
               note: "Bubble stuck in PO4 flowcell from peak 21 through end
               of run, these peaks were 0.030 units too high.  Peaks
               corrected, factors and baselines adjusted."  Phosphate
               values now acceptable.

136            CTD processor: "CTD oxy 0.05 ml/l low compared to bottle
               value and nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

117            Delta-S at 1818db is -0.029 PSU, salinity is 34.680 PSU.  No
               analyst notes. Could be drawing error.  PI: "This seems
               almost certainly to be a duplicate of the one from the NB
               above.  I agree that it should be rejected.BW"  Footnote
               salinity value bad.

115            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - slight."  No apparent affect
               on data.


STATION 484

Cast 1         PI: "I am uneasy about the phosphates on sta's 483 and 484:
               at theta 1.5 - 4.5 C, they are high by about 0.1 uM/L
               compared with other stations.  On Sta 484 oxygen is high in
               this temperature range and silica is correspondingly low
               (NO3 is ho-hum), so phosphate "ought" to have been low as
               well.  But it's the other way around.BW" Nutrient Analyst
               note: "Bubble stuck in PO4 flowcell during run.  PO4 factors
               and baselines adjusted."  Phosphate values now comparable to
               adjacent stations.

116            Analyst note: "Lost Oxygen Sample".  Footnote oxygen not
               reported.

115            Sample log: "Has a little drip."  No apparent affect on
               data.

112            Sample log: "Leaks - some (?) end cap."  No apparent affect
               on data.

107            Oxygen analyst note: "Forgot acid, retitrated."  Value looks
               0.05 ml/l low.  Footnote oxygen bad.


STATION 485

129            Sample log: "Leak from bottom cap."  No apparent affect on
               data.

123            Sample log: "Slight leak from bottom cap."  No apparent
               affect on data.

116            NO-confirm from pylon at first trip attempt.  Re-
               initialized, second trip confirmed ok.  All bottles appear
               to have tripped at correct depths.


STATION 486

115            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak."  No apparent affect on data.

110            Salinity value off compared to CTD salinity.  Delta-S at
               907db is -0.0623 PSU.  Could be duplicate draw. Footnote
               salinity bad.


STATION 487

115            Sample log: 'Bottom cap leaks - stopped after cap adjusted."
               No apparent affect on data.

101-102        CTD processor: "0.03 ml/l drop in CTD oxy at bottom; low
               compared to nearby casts and bottle value after despiking.
               Footnote CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 488

128            Phosphate value appears 0.2uM high. No analyst notes.
               Footnote phosphate value questionable.  PI: "I agree with
               "3". BW"


STATION 489

136            CTD processor: "CTD oxy 0.08 ml/l low compared to station
               487 and 488, but OK compare to station 490."  Footnote CTD
               oxy questionable.

127            PI: "Salinity wildly off - sample almost certainly drawn
               from NB below - give it the finger of scorn (4).BW" Footnote
               salinity value bad.

115            Sample log: "Bottom end leak."  No apparent affect on data.

102            Sample log: "Top end-cap leak."  No apparent affect on data.


STATION 490

135            Sample log: "Spigot leaks - stopped after bottom cap
               adjusted." No apparent affect on data.

123            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak."  No apparent affect on data.

115            Sample log: "Bottom cap and spigot leak."  No apparent
               affect on data.

112            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaked - stopped after adjusted."

109            Sample log: "Top cap leaked air - stopped after cap
               adjusted."

103            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - stopped after cap adjusted."
               Salinity value looks about 0.0028 high compared to adjacent
               stations. Oxygen and nutrients look OK. Footnote salinity
               questionable.


STATION 491

135            Sample Log: "Top cap leaked air - stopped after cap
               adjusted." No affect on data.

121            Sample Log: "Slight leak from bottom cap."  No affect on
               data.

105-109        Phosphate values a little high (0.03 uM/L) when compared
               with adjacent stations. Analyst's calculations OK.  Footnote
               phosphate uncertain.


STATION 492

125            Sample log: "bottom end-cap leak, as usual."  No affect on
               data.

123            Sample log: "leaking out of bottom."  No affect on data.


STATION 493

136            Bottle oxygen value 0.10 ml/l high compared to CTD oxygen
               and adjacent stations.  No analyst notes of problems.
               Footnote oxygen value questionable.

131            Salinity analyst note: "Low water sample, made manual
               entry."  Salinity value compares well to CTD value and
               adjacent stations. Salinity value OK.


STATION 494

121            Sample log:"Lanyard caught in top cap."  Footnote all bottle
               sample values bad, bottle leaking.

102            Bottle oxygen value appears 0.02 ml/l lower than CTD oxygen
               value.  Nearly same value as NB3, could be double draw.
               Footnote oxygen questionable.

101            Oxygen appears 0.03 ml/l high when compared to adjacent
               stations.  However, looks OK compared to CTD oxy value.
               When adjacent stations overlaid on plots of potential
               temperature, NO3 or salinity vs oxygen there may be
               indications of interleaving of water masses.  Oxygen value
               acceptable.


STATION 495

126            Sample log: "Top leaked air - stopped when cap adjusted."
               No apparent affect on data.

117            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - stopped when cap adjusted."
               No apparent affect on data.


STATION 496

135            Sample log: "Big leak when spigot opened - top end cap."  No
               apparent affect on data.

106            Phosphate value a little high (0.02uM). No analytical
               problems. PI: "Yes, but it satisfies the 1% dictum.  I think
               a '2' would be OK. BW"

105            Phosphate value a little high (0.04uM). No analytical
               problems. Footnote phosphate questionable.


STATION 497

134            Oxygen value looks too low, same value as NB33.  May be
               double draw. Footnote oxygen value bad.  PI: "I agree. NO
               corresponding anomalies in slt or nuts. Give it the finger
               of scorn (4). BW" Footnote oxygen bad.

129            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks."  No apparent affect on data.

124            Analyst note: "Low detector voltage."  No affect on data.

115            Sample log: "Top cap leaked air - stopped after cap
               adjusted." No affect on data.

107            Silicate, nitrate and phosphate appear a little low.  Oxygen
               and salinity look OK.  PI: "All these nuts are bang on the
               theta plots for sta 499, and the high values just above are
               on the theta plots for stations just to the east.  Moreover,
               the theta - oxygen plot for this station shows a jerk toward
               higher values at sample 107, consistent with lower nuts
               there. Relatively strong horizontal gradations in oxygen and
               nuts are to be expected at these levels because of the
               current patterns and I think that we are just seeing
               interleaving of 'eastern' and 'western' water here. I think
               these 107 nuts deserve a '2'. BW"


STATION 498

Cast 2         Sample log: "Thermometer used during oxygen draw giving
               erratic readings."

227            O2 analyst note: "Flask broken during titration, sample
               lost."

212            Sample log: "Top cap leaked air - reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

201            Bottle oxygen appears 0.02 ml/l low compared to CTD oxygen
               value and nearby station 497.  Next station, 499, has
               similar offset.  No problems with titrations, could be
               problem with Niskin.  Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 499

Cast 1         Multiple excess CTD trip levels and CTD signal noise caused
               by voltage dropouts; CTD trip data edited down to 36 levels
               based on trip numbers, time and confirmation number.  CTD
               trip data should match actual trip times now.

136            Sample log: "Leaked out of bottom until bottom end-cap
               reseated."  Delta-S is 0.0007 PSU but oxygen value looks
               0.07 ml/l high compared to adjacent stations and CTD oxygen.
               Footnote oxygen questionable.

101            Oxygen value appears 0.05 ml/l low when compared to adjacent
               stations. Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 500

129            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaking - reseated."  No affect on
               bottle data.

115            Sample log: "Leaking from top end cap."  No apparent affect
               on data.

103            Delta-S is -0.0024 PSU.  Salinity value is a little low
               compared to CTD salinity and adjacent stations.  Footnote
               salinity questionable.


STATION 501

135            Sample log: "Top cap leaked air - reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

131            Oxygen value looks 0.7ml/l too low when compared to CTDO and
               adjacent stations. No analyst notes.  Footnote oxygen bad.

128            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaked - reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

105            Bottle oxygen value 0.02 ml/l higher than CTD oxygen.
               Variability in oxygen values at adjacent stations for this
               depth make difficult to compare.  Footnote oxygen
               questionable.


STATION 502

136            Bottle oxygen value 0.06 ml/l higher than CTD oxygen value.
               Also higher than surface value for adjacent stations, but in
               situ temperature is about 1 degC cooler.  Footnote oxygen
               questionable.

115            Sample log: "A top-leaker."  No affect on bottle data.

101            Sample log: "O2 sample redrawn."  Oxygen values OK,
               consistent with adjacent stations.


STATION 503

129            Sample log: "Bottom end-cap leaking, reset."  No affect on
               bottle Data.


STATION 504

136            CTD voltage dropped during surface trip; CTD trip data
               generated using CTD values immediately prior to actual trip
               time.

129            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - reseated."  No apparent
               affect on bottle data.

114            Sample log: "Slight leak from bottom cap."  No apparent
               affect on bottle data.


STATION 505

230            Sample log:"NB30 temp was low."  Nutrient values all very
               high, oxygen and salinity values very low.  Bottle tripped
               at wrong depth.  Footnote all bottle samples bad, bottle did
               not trip correctly.


STATION 506

127            Sample log: "Slight bottom end-cap leak."  No apparent
               affect on data.

108            Phosphate value looks 0.03uM high compared to adjacent
               stations. Analyst notes no problems. PI: "O2 looks
               correspondingly low here, I don't think I would question the
               PO4. BW."  PO4 value acceptable.

105            Sample log: "O2 sample redrawn."  No apparent affect on
               data.


STATION 507

133            Sample log: "Slight leak around spigot."  No apparent affect
               on data.

110            Sample log: "Slight bottom cap leak - reseated."  SiO3 and
               NO3 values look a little low, salinity and oxygen values are
               at a local maximum.  Salinity and oxygen values track CTD
               values at this depth.  Data OK.


STATION 508

126            Sample log: "Slight bottom cap leak - reseated."  Data
               compares well with CTD parameters and adjacent stations.
               Bottle data OK.

123            Sample log: "Slight bottom cap leak."  Data compares well
               with CTD parameters and adjacent stations.  Bottle data OK.

117            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaked -reseated."  Data compares
               well with CTD parameters and adjacent stations.  Bottle data
               OK.


STATION 509

120            Sample Log: "Top end-cap leaks." No apparent affect on data.

101            Oxygen analyst note: "Bubble." No apparent affect on data.

101-111        CTD processor: "A large signal oscillation compared to
               upcast and nearby casts, look suspicious."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.


STATION 510

128            Sample log: "Lanyard hooked on recovery, much water lost."
               Oxygen  and salinity values compare well with CTD
               parameters.  Bottle data OK.

117            Sample log: "Wimpy bottom end-cap."  No apparent affect on
               data.

109            Oxygen analyst note: "Forgot acid."  Oxygen value less than
               zero. Footnote oxygen value bad.

101            Oxygen analyst note: "Low voltage."  No affect on oxygen
               data.


STATION 511

126            Salinity value low compared to CTDSAL and adjacent stations.
               Delta S = -0.0976 PSU.  Footnote salinity questionable.

103            Delta-S is 0.006 PSU.  Salinity value high compared to CTD
               value and adjacent stations.  Footnote salinity
               questionable.


STATION 512

120            Sample log: "Leaking top end cap."  No apparent affect on
               data.

103            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak."  No apparent affect on data.


STATION 513

110            Oxygen value appears low compared to adjacent stations.
               However, value corresponds to local maximum values in
               nutrients. Data OK, PI agrees.


STATION 514

110            Phosphate, nitrate and silicate appear high, salinity high,
               corresponding oxygen a little low.  Data OK, PI agrees.


STATION 515

128            Oxygen value appears 0.1 ml/l high compared to adjacent
               stations and CTD oxy value.  Footnote oxygen questionable.

112            Sample log: "Top end-cap leak." No apparent affect on data.

109            Sample log: "Top end-cap leak." No apparent affect on data.

101-103        CTD processor: " 0.02 ml/l drop in CTD oxy; low compared to
               nearby casts and bottle values."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.


STATION 516

126            Sample log: "Slight leak from bottom cap."  No apparent
               affect on data.


STATION 517

122            Sample log: "Bottom end-cap leak." No apparent affect on
               data.

103            Sample log: "Bottom cap bumped open during nut sampling." No
               apparent affect on data.

101            Phosphate values in this range appear about 0.03uM high.
               Analyst notes no problems.  Peaks and calculations OK. PI:
               "These look OK to me in comparison with stas. 518, 519, 520.
               BW."


STATION 518

103            Footnote all bottle samples bad.  Sample log: "Bottom cap
               leaked - reseated."  Salinity value appears 0.006 higher
               than adjacent stations and CTDSAL. Oxygen may be 0.01ml/l
               high.  Nutrient values also high. Recommend deletion of all
               values. PI: "I agree - looks like the NB was was
               contaminated - reject all values (4). BW."


STATION 521

126            Sample log: "NB26 is a bottom leaker!"  No apparent affect
               on data.

113            Sample log: "Spigot on 13 still sucks."  No apparent affect
               on data.

101            CTD processor: "CTD oxy signal rises until 0.03 ml/l high
               compared to bottle and nearby casts at bottom."  Footnote
               CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 522

124            Delta-S is 0.081 PSU.  Salinity value high compared to CTD
               value and adjacent stations.  Footnote salinity
               questionable.

122            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - stopped when reseated."  No
               apparent affect on data.

113            Sample log: "Lanyard caught in hose clamp - bottom didn't
               close - empty bottle." No samples for NB13.

103            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - stopped when reseated."  No
               apparent affect on data.


STATION 523

103            Sample log: "Bottom cap leak - reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.


STATION 526

131            CTD processor: "CTD oxy 0.10 ml/l low compared to bottle and
               nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

127            Sample log: "NB27 slight bottom end-cap leak, OK after
               reseating." No apparent affect on data.

117            Sample log: "Spigot on 17 sucks."  No apparent affect on
               data.  NB17 and NB18 have same oxygen value, but are
               consistent with CTDOXY.


STATION 528

128            CTD processor: "CTD oxy 0.10 ml/l low compared to bottle and
               nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 529

130            Bottle oxygen appears 0.04 ml/l high compared to surface
               bottles in adjacent stations and to CTD oxygen value.
               Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 530

126            Sample log: "Slight leak from bottom cap -reseated."  No
               apparent affect on data.

122            Sample log: "Slight leak from bottom cap -reseated."  No
               apparent affect on data.


STATION 531

130            Sample log: "Slight bottom cap leak -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

128            Sample log: "Slight bottom cap leak -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

102            Oxygen value appears 0.03 ml/l high compared to adjacent
               stations and CTD oxygen. Footnote oxygen value questionable.

101            Oxygen value appears 0.5ml/l low compared to adjacent
               stations and CTDOXY.  Draw temp high.  Salinity and
               nutrients OK.  Footnote oxygen value bad.


STATION 532

114            Sample log: "Bottom end-cap needed reseating."  No apparent
               affect on data.


STATION 533

128            Sample log: "Bottom end-cap reseated to stop leak."  No
               apparent affect on data.


STATION 534

114            Sample log: "O2 flask 840 cap doesn't fit tight into flask."
               Oxygen data OK.

102            Nitrate value appears 0.1 uM/L low compared to adjacent
               stations.  Analyst notes no problems.  Value within
               specifications.


STATION 535

135            Sample log: "Slight top cap leak -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on bottle data.

135-136        CTD processor: "CTD oxy still nearly 0.10 ml/l low compared
               to nearby casts and 58 db bottle after offset."  Footnote
               CTD oxy questionable.

128            Sample log: "Slight bottom leak -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

126            Sample log: "Slight top cap leak -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.


STATION 536

128            Sample log: "Usual bottom end-cap complaint."  No apparent
               affect on data.


STATION 537

Cast 1         Console Log: "NO-confirm on every trip, NB7 - NB36: re-
               initialized/manually repositioned pylon for each bottle.  At
               surface, btls 10,11,28 open: 10,11 not repositioned after
               re-initialization, 28 probably wrong bottle number entered
               when repositioning.  Bottles tripped probably match planned
               depth; new pylon power supply installed after cast."

128            Sample log: "Open at retrieval." No samples.

126            Sample log: "Leaks from spigot when vent opened."  No affect
               on bottle data.

111            Sample log: "Open at retrieval." No samples.

110            Sample log: "Open at retrieval." No samples.

101-109        PI: "The deep nutrients (101-109) are striking, but they are
               so chemically and regionally consistent with the equally
               striking, and independently measured, salinity and oxygen,
               that I think the measurements are rock solid, and not to be
               doubted."


STATION 538

126            Analyst notes oxygen sample missing, not reported.

123            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks."  No apparent affect on data.


STATION 541

105            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaked -reseated."  No affect on
               data.


STATION 542

122            Analyst note: "Over titrated."  Oxygen value appears 0.1ml/l
               high compared to CTDOXY and adjacent stations. Footnote
               oxygen sample bad.

103            Phosphate value appears 0.03uM high, nitrate 0.3uM low when
               compared to adjacent stations. Analyst notes peaks and calcs
               OK. Footnote phosphate and nitrate uncertain.


STATION 543

135            Sample log: "Leaks, looks like bad o-ring seal on top."  No
               affect on data.


STATION 544

Cast 1         Salinity analyst's log: "Salinity samples allowed to
               equilibrate for 3 days before run on salinometer." No
               apparent affect on data.

108            Bottle oxygen value appears 0.02 ml/l high on overlays with
               adjacent stations and CTD oxygen.  No analyst notes.
               Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 545

135            Sample log: "Leaky bottles."  No apparent affect on data.

125-126        CTD processor: "CTD oxy up to 0.15 ml/l lower than bottles,
               nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

124            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks."  No apparent affect on data.

122            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

110            Oxygen value appears 0.07ml/l low compared to CTDOXY
                PI:"Yes, but it's right on the temp.  vs oxygen plot for
               stations 546 - 548."  But when overlaid with station 544 at
               this depth, a progression from higher oxygen to lower is
               sequentially seen, with 545 having an intermediate value.
               Therefore NB10 should be a little higher, more in agreement
               with CTD oxygen.  Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 546

114            Sample log: "Slight bottom cap leak -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

110            Sample log: "Top cap leaked air -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.


STATION 547

122            Sample log: "Slight end-cap leak."  No apparent affect on
               data.

114            Sample log: "Slight end-cap leak."  No apparent affect on
               data.


STATION 548

136            CTD processor: "CTD oxy 0.10 to 0.15 ml/l low relative to
               nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.

133            Sample log: "Slight end-cap leak."  No apparent affect on
               data.

129            Sample log: "Slight end-cap leak."  No apparent affect on
               data.

114            Sample log: "Slight end-cap leak."  No apparent affect on
               data.

101-106        CTD processor: "CTD oxy 0.02 ml/l low, then high, compared
               to bottles and nearby casts."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.


STATION 549

133            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks badly -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

126            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

123            PI:"Anomalously low salinity matched by anomalously high O2
               -just a lump of 'newer' Antarctic Intermediate Water."

114            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

110            Sample log: "Slight top cap leak."  No apparent affect on
               data.

109            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

101-104        CTD processor: "CTD oxy signal rises until 0.10 ml/l high
               compared to bottle oxygen."  Footnote CTD oxy bad.


STATION 550

131            PI: "Here I think that we are seeing again that shallow,
               fresh, oxygen-poor, nutrient-rich tropical water from the S.
               Equatorial Current that caught our attention much farther
               east.BW."

122            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks -reseated."  No apparent
               affect on data.

112            Sample log: "Top cap leaks -reseated."  No apparent affect
               on data.


STATION 551

121            Sample log:"Lanyard hung up, top cap open."  All sample
               values look bad. Footnote all samples bad, bottle leaking.


STATION 552

122            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks."  No apparent affect on data.

101            Oxygen value appears 0.02 ml/l low when compared to CTD
               oxygen and stations 551 and 553 on potential temperature vs
               oxy overlays.  However, value is within 0.01 ml/l on the
               reoccupation station, 572.  Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 553

131            Sample log:"NB31 leaking ever so slightly."  No apparent
               affect on data.

101            CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges 0.02 ml/l high near bottom
               compared to nearby casts and station 571 (at same
               location)."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 554

122            Sample log: "Leaking out bottom -wouldn't stop."  No
               apparent affect on data.

101            Oxygen value appears 0.02 ml/l low compared to CTD oxygen
               value and stations 553 and 556.  Overlays of pot temp vs
               oxygen show a similar shaped curve, and divergence from CTD
               oxygen, on stations 552, 554 and 555.  On station 570, a
               reoccupation of the same location, the oxygen value is 0.01
               ml/l higher.  No analyst notes and titrations look good.
               Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 555

126            Sample log:"Bottom cap leaks."  No apparent affect on data.

101            Oxygen value appears 0.02 ml/l low compared to CTD oxygen
               value and stations 553 and 556.  Overlays of pot temp vs
               oxygen show a similar shaped curve, and divergence from CTD
               oxygen, on stations 552, 554 and 555.  However, oxygen value
               on station 569, a reoccupation of the location, is within
               0.001 ml/l.  No analyst notes and titrations look good.
               Footnote oxygen questionable.


STATION 556

135-136        CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges low relative to nearby casts
               and sta 568 (same position)."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.

126            Sample log:"Bottom cap leaks -reseated."  No apparent affect
               on data.

106            Sample log:"Vent open."  No apparent affect on data.  Oxygen
               value OK compared to adjacent stations, but a little high
               (0.02 ml/l) compared to CTD oxy.

105            Sample log:"Vent open."  No apparent affect on data.  Oxygen
               value OK compared to adjacent stations, but a little high
               (0.02 ml/l) compared to CTD oxy.

105-107        CTD processor: "CTD oxy fits 0.03 ml/l low compared to
               bottles, OK compared to sta 555 and sta 568."  Footnote CTD
               oxy OK.

101-103        CTD processor: "CTD oxy fits 0.02 ml/l high at bottom
               compared to bottle values, station 555 and station 568 (at
               the same position)."  Footnote CTD oxy questionable.


STATION 558

130-131        CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges low relative to nearby casts
               and station 566 (at same position)."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.

101-114        PI: "On theta plot the nitrates look a touch low (but not
               out by > 1%); might some adjustment to the standardization
               be in order? BW." Nitrate values within WOCE specifications,
               data OK.


STATION 559

126-127        CTD processor: "CTD oxy bulges low relative to nearby casts
               and station 565 (at same position)."  Footnote CTD oxy
               questionable.

111            Sample log: "Bottom cap leaks."  No apparent affect on data.


STATION 560

122            Sample log:"Leaking from bottom end-cap."  Small delta-s,
               leak caused no apparent affect on data.


STATION 562

105            All nutrient samples look high compared to adjacent
               stations. Values are same as NB4, could be a accidental
               double draw. Footnote nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and
               silicate bad.


STATION 563

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."

107            Sample log: "Leaking from top -pretty big air leak."  Small
               delta-s, no apparent affect on data.


STATION 564

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."

110            Bottle oxygen appears 0.1 ml/l high compared to CTD oxy
               value and surface values from nearby stations.  Footnote
               oxygen questionable.


STATION 565

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."


STATION 566

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."

102            Oxygen value appears 0.04 ml/l high compared to CTD oxygen.
               Overlays with adjacent stations not helpful but comparison
               with station 558, the reoccupation twin station, is even
               more divergent.  CTD oxy value from 3080 db to 3564 db also
               appears higher than station 558 but with few bottles, fit is
               uncertain.  Footnote CTD oxy and bottle oxy questionable.


STATION 567

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."


STATION 568

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."


STATION 569

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."


STATION 570

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."


STATION 571

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."

106-107        Oxygen Analyst note: "Bubble in sample."  No apparent affect
               on oxygen data.

101-103        Oxygen Analyst note: "Bubble in sample."  No apparent affect
               on oxygen data.


STATION 572

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."


STATION 573

Cast 1         Sample log: "Oxygen and salinity only samples drawn."

112            Bottle oxygen is 0.02 ml/l high when compared to CTD oxygen
               value, stations 551, 571 and 572.  Footnote oxygen
               questionable.







                             WHPO DATA PROCESSING:
				
Date      Contact      Data Type      Data Status Summary  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8/15/97   Uribe        DOC            Submitted  See Note:  2000.12.11 KJU
          File contained here is a CRUISE SUMMARY and NOT sumfile. Documentation 
          is online.
          
          2000.10.11 KJU
          Files were found in incoming directory under whp_reports. This 
          directory was zipped, files were separated and placed under proper 
          cruise. All of them are sum files.  Received 1997 August 15th.

1/23/98   Rutz         SUM/SEA/CT     Preliminary, not for DQE    

7/29/98   Johnson      CTD            Data with ODF  
          Est. date of ODF processing 8/98  

12/22/98  Nowlin, Jr.  CTD/BTL        Data are Public    

1/15/99   Muus         SUM            Data Update    

1/22/99   Nowlin, Jr.  CTD/BTL/TRA    Data are Public    

3/2/99    Bartolacci   CFC-11:12      Data Merged/OnLine     I've 
          merged updated cfc-11/12 values (from Ray Weiss) into the i03 
          316N145_8 bottle data file, and updated the table accordingly.

3/3/99    Diggs        CFCs           Data Update  see note:
          units are PMOL/KG (instead of PMOL/L)  Header now indicates that the
          units are PMOL/KG (instead of PMOL/L). 
 
4/23/99   Nowlin, Jr.  DOC            Data Requested by Linda Huyhn  
          (e-version of 12/95 or later doc)

9/29/99   Falkner      BA             Data Update  See note:  
          The quality of the Ba data from most WOCE legs in the Indian Ocean 
          turned out to be quite poor; far worse than attainable analytical 
          precision (+/-20% as opposed to 2%). We recorded many vials which came 
          back with loose caps and evaporation associated with that seems to be 
          the primary problem.  

          The only hope I have of producing a decent data set is to run both Ba 
          and a conservative element simultaneously and then relating that to 
          the original salinity of the sample.  We will be taking delivery on a 
          high resolution ICPMS here at OSU sometime this winter which would 
          make the project analytically feasible and economical.  I do not 
          presently have the funds in hand to do this and so have archived the 
          samples for the time being. I don't think the WHPO would derive any 
          benefit from the present data set.
          KKF

11/8/99   Kozyr        ALKALI/TCARBN  Final Data Rcvd @ WHPO    
          I have put the final CO2-related data file for the Indian Ocean WOCE 
          Section I3 to the WHPO ftp INCOMING area. There are two CO2 
          parameters: Total CO2 and alkalinity with quality flags.

2/14/00   Kozyr        TCARBN/ALKALI  DQE Complete
            I've just put a total of 13 files [carbon data measured in Indian 
          (6 files) and Atlantic (7 files) oceans] to the WHPO ftp area. Please 
          let me know if you get data okay.

6/2/00    Uribe        HELIUM/NEON    Final Data Rcvd @ WHPO    
          Files received were i3HeNe.DOC* i3HeNe.SEA*. Files contain no header, 
          No related email was found. Could not determine who sent these files. 

7/21/00   Bartolacci   CFCs/CO2       Website Updated  
          cfc data merged into online file  The I03 bottle file from ODF has 
          been remerged with existing cfc data and  carbon data from Alex Kozyr. 
          New file has passed diagnostic formatting routiness and has replaced 
          the current online bottle file. ODF sum file has also replaced current 
          online sumfile. Table and index refs have been edited to reflect this 
          change.

7/27/00   Diggs        CTD            Website Updated  
          Final data online  CTD online and on CD2.0 site have been replaced 
          with FINAL data from ODF (M. Johnson - Sept. 1998) All expocodes are 
          now in the new format (without 
          '/') and all tables and files have been updated.
  
8/1/00    Huynh        DOC            Website Updated  
          pdf, txt docs online  
8/1/00    Kappa        DOC            Doc Update  
          pdf, txt versions created  pdf needs reformatting, txt needs odf 
          report inserted.

10/17/00  Jenkins      TRITUM         Submitted  Preliminary  
          *Files for Tritium Data: 
          
                  WOCE Indian Ocean = WITrit.dat   Contains all legs
                  WOCE Pacific P10 =  WP10Trit.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P13 =  WP13Trit.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P14c = WP14cTrit.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P18 =  WP18Trit.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P19 =  WP19Trit.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P21 =  WP21Trit.dat
                  SAVE South Atlnt =  SAVETrit.dat
          
          *Column Layout as follows:  Station, Cast, Bottle, Pressure, Tritium, 
                                      ErrTritium
          
          *Units as follows:          Tritium and ErrTritium in T.U.
          
          *All data are unfortunately still preliminary until we have completed 
           the laboratory intercomparision and intercalibration that is still 
           underway.
          
          
          
10/17/00  Jenkins      HELIUM/DELHE3  Submitted  Preliminary 
          HELIUM, DELHE3, NEON  *Files for Helium and Neon Data: 
          
                  WOCE Indian Ocean = WIHe.dat   Contains all legs
                  WOCE Pacific P10 = WP10He.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P18 = WP18He.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P19 = WP19He.dat
                  WOCE Pacific P21 = WP21He.dat
          
          *Column Layout as follows:
          
          Station, Cast, Bottle, Pressure, Delta3He, ErrDelta3He, ConcHelium, 
          ErrConcHelium, ConcNeon, ErrConcNeon
          
          *Units as follows:
          
          Delta3He and ErrDelta3He in %
          ConcHelium, ErrConcHelium, ConcNeon, and ErrConcNeon in nmol/kg
          
          *Null values (for ConcNeon and ErrConcNeon only ) = -9.000
          
          *All data are unfortunately still preliminary until we have completed 
           the laboratory intercomparision and intercalibration that is still 
           underway.
          

11/8/00   Anderson     HELIUM/NEON    Reformatted by WHPO  See Note:
            I have put the Jenkins helium and neon in WOCE format. There were 
          no quality codes so I set the HELIUM, DELHE3, and NEON to 2.

11/13/00  Anderson     TRITUM         Reformatted by WHPO  See Note:
            I have put the Jenkins tritium data into WOCE format.  There were 
          no quality codes so I set the TRITUM to 2. 

2/7/01    Mantyla      NUTs/S/O       DQE Begun    Hi Jim,
          Sure, I would be glad to look over the Indian Ocean data for you. 
          Sarilee has started plotting up I01 for me to start on. - Arnold

2/26/01   Schlosser    Helium Deep    Data are Public  minor corrections 
          may be needed post-intercal. effort  following up on bill jenkins's 
          message, i would like to ask you to make public all ldeo woce 
          tritium/he data that have been submitted to you.  because the 
          tritium/he community has not yet finished the final calibration of the 
          data, i might have to apply minor corrections to these data once the 
          intercal. effort has been completed.  our acce work was funded over a 
          5-year period that ended in 2000.  consequently, this data set is 
          further behind in quality control before submission, but i expect that 
          we will get these data ready soon.
          
          SR3 was never funded in a 'regular' fashion, but i used noaa corc 
          funds to keep the measurements of this sample set moving. i expect to 
          finish the analyses this summer and submit them in fall.
          2/26/01  Jenkins  He/Tr/Ne  Data are Public  See Note:  It was 
          brought to my attention that the WOCE Pacific/Indian He-Tr data was 
          not as yet made public. After submitting it to you last year, I had 
          intended on going through it one more time to ensure there were no 
          problems with it. Unfortunately, I have not had the time to do this. 
          Is it possible, therefore, to release it as public data, and if there 
          are any subsequent minor revisions, to make changes? I suspect there 
          might be a few samples in the set that might have got through our 
          initial quality control.

3/20/01   Key          RADIUM         DQE Pending  Not likely to happen,
          My group collected radium samples on several WOCE legs in the hope 
          of being able to analyze them "in the background". We never received 
          any funding for this work and the analytical capability no longer 
          exists at P'ton. It is safe to assume that nothing will ever come from 
          this effort. For those sample collection efforts currently recorded in 
          WOCE bottle files, the simplest thing would be to drop the column 
          altogether. Lacking that, all recordings on U.S. legs can be flagged 
5.

3/23/01   Falkner      BA             No Data Submitted  See Note:  
          The quote of mine (9/29/99) about the Ba WOCE data summarizes the 
          present status. I have not received supplementary funding to re-run 
          the samples in a manner that includes an index element that could be 
          related to the original salinity values.  They are all archived here 
          with the hope that it could happen at some point.  It's a hard sell 
          the the funding agents unfortunately.

4/5/01    Walden       DOC            Data Request  Navigation Report  

4/5/01    Caldwell     DOC            Submitted     ADCP Report  

6/19/01   Swift        CTDTMP         Update Needed  See Note:  
          An oceanographically-insignificant error in CTDTMP data for this 
          cruise has been found (ca. -0.00024*T - 0.00036 degC).  A data update 
          is forthcoming.

6/21/01   Uribe        CTD/BTL        Website Updated  CSV File Added  
          CTD and bottle exchange files were put online.  These are NOT the  
          Updated CTD files referred to by J Swift on 6/19/01.

7/12/01   Kappa        DOC            Updated PDF Cruise Report
          Added sections on Navigation/Bathometry and Hull Mounted ADCP; added
          figures, linked index page to locations in text, linked figures
          to locations in text, added WHPO data history record.

7/13/01   Kappa        DOC            Updated TXT Cruise Report
          Added sections on Navigation/Bathymetry, ADCP and Meteorological 
          Observations; added WHPO data history record.
