A. Cruise Narrative WHP Cruise Summary Information A.1 Highlights WOCE section designation PR17 Expedition designation (EXPOCODE) 49SU9109_2 Chief Scientist Nobuo Sato Kobe Marine Observatory(KMO) Ship R/V Shumpu Maru Port of Call Ooita to Kochi Cruise Dates October 13 to October 17, 1991 Number of stations 31° 10.63' N Geographic boundaries of stations 131° 29.89' E 133° 29.3' E 29° 29.37' N Floats and drifters deployed 0 Moorings deployed or recovered 0 A.2 Cruise Summary A.3 List of Principal Investigators Table 1: Principal Investigators for All Measurements Name Responsibility Affiliation --------------------------------------------- Nobuo SATO Oxygen, Nutrients KMO Koichi ISHIKAWA CTD, S KMO A.4 Scientific Programme and Methods The ship departed Ooita on October 13, 1991, and made 6 CTD/rosette stations of section PR17. 4 XBT stations were made between CTD/rosette stations. To first CTD/rosette station the ship reached at 1531 UTC on October 14, from last station departed at 1640 UTC on October 15. The CTD is EG&G NBIS Mark III B(6500 db type, no oxygen sensor). Water samples were collected from 1.7 liter Niskin bottles mounted on the General Oceanics Rosette multisampler. However, surface water samples were collected by a bucket. A.5 Major Problems and Goals Not Achieved A.6 Other incidents of Note A.7 List of Cruise Participants Table 2: Cruise Participants Name Responsibility Affiliation ------------------------------------------------ Nobuo SATO Chief Scientist KMO Oxygen, Nutrients Koichi ISHIKAWA CTD software KMO Sukeyoshi TAKATANI Watch Stander KMO Syunta NAITOO Watch Stander KMO Yasuharu HATA CTD Hardware KMO Keiichi SATO Watch Stander KMO Atushi OBATA Watch Stander KMO Akiyoshi AWANO Oxygen, Nutrients KMO Hiroki SUZUKI Oxygen, Nutrients KMO B. Underway Measurements B.1 Navigation and bathymetry B.2 Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) B.3 Thermosalinograph and underway dissolved oxygen, fluorometer, etc B.4 XBT and XCTD B.5 Meteorological observations B.6 Atmospheric chemistry C. Hydrographic Measurements The CTD is EG&G NBIS Mark III B(6500 db type, no oxygen sensor). A HP 9000 Series 300 model 330(Hewlett Packard) with a 4 MByte of memory was used as the primary data collection device. The temperature and pressure sensor were calibrated at the calibration facility of HAKUTO CO., LTD before the cruise. The results are shown in Table 3. Temperature and pressure(increasing) calibration values are used to correct CTD data, by linear interpolation inside the calibrated regime. CTD data outside of the regime is corrected by the calibration values on the boundary, at the each side. Notice that the upcast pressure data is corrected by Pressure(increasing), not Pressure(decreasing) in Table 3. Table 3: The temperature and pressure sensor calibration values Standard CTD Pressure Pressure Difference ----------------------------- 1.5158 1.5200 -0.0043 2.6555 2.6607 -0.0052 3.6780 3.6835 -0.0055 4.7980 4.8041 -0.0061 6.7300 6.7397 -0.0096 7.7738 7.7839 -0.0101 10.8682 10.8789 -0.0107 12.7282 12.7390 -0.0108 14.7113 14.7227 -0.0113 20.4677 20.4797 -0.0120 25.4034 25.4160 -0.0126 29.8279 29.8408 -0.0129 Standard CTD Pressure Pressure Difference ------------------------------ 0.0 0.1 -0.1 98.0 97.0 1.0 293.9 293.2 0.7 489.8 489.8 -0.0 979.6 981.9 -2.3 1959.1 1961.8 -2.7 2938.7 2938.9 -0.2 3918.3 3915.8 2.5 4897.7 4894.0 3.9 5877.4 5873.5 3.9 Standard CTD Pressure Pressure Difference ------------------------------- 0.0 -2.0 2.0 98.0 99.8 -1.8 293.9 297.7 -3.8 489.8 495.3 -5.5 979.6 986.9 -7.3 1959.1 1964.1 -5.0 2938.7 2939.7 -0.9 3918.3 3916.0 2.3 4897.7 4894.0 3.9 5877.4 5873.7 3.7 The conductivity sensor were calibrated at sea using data from the analyses of salinity collected at 3 stations. The salinometer is AUTOLAB model 1601 for the analyses of salinity of the water samples. The results are shown in Table 4. The calibration constant is determined assuming that the bias is 0. The results are shown in Table 4. Table 4: The conductivity sensor calibration constants Bias Slope ------------- 0 1.00013 Oxygen Measurements The determination of dissolved oxygen was done by the modified version of the Winkler method described in "Kaiyo Kansoku Shishin (Manual of Oceanographic Observation)" published by the Oceanographical Society of Japan(1970). The reagent blank was not subtracted. No estimation of accuracy and precision has been done. Nutrients Analyses The nutrients analyses were done by the Technicon Auto Analyzer II described in "Kaiyo Kansoku Shishin (Manual of Oceanographic Observation)" published by the Oceanographical Society of Japan(1970). No estimation of accuracy and precision has been done. D. Acknowledgments E. References Unesco, 1983. International Oceanographic tables. Unesco Technical Papers in Marine Science, No. 44. Unesco, 1991. Processing of Oceanographic Station Data, 1991. By JPOTS editorial panel. F. WHPO Summary Several data files are associated with this report. They are the su9109.sum, su9109.hyd, su9109.csl and *.wct files. The su9109.sum file contains a summary of the location, time, type of parameters sampled, and other pertinent information regarding each hydrographic station. The su9109.hyd file contains the bottle data. The *.wct files are the ctd data for each station. The *.wct files are zipped into one file called su9109.wct.zip. The su9109.csl file is a listing of ctd and calculated values at standard levels. The following is a description of how the standard levels and calculated values were derived for the su9109.csl file: Salinity, Temperature and Pressure: These three values were smoothed from the individual CTD files over the N uniformly increasing pressure levels. using the following binomial filter- t(j) = 0.25ti(j-1) + 0.5ti(j) + 0.25ti(j+1) j=2....N-1 When a pressure level is represented in the *.csl file that is not contained within the ctd values, the value was linearly interpolated to the desired level after applying the binomial filtering. Sigma-theta(SIG-TH:KG/M3), Sigma-2 (SIG-2: KG/M3), and Sigma-4(SIG-4: KG/M3): These values are calculated using the practical salinity scale (PSS-78) and the international equation of state for seawater (EOS-80) as described in the Unesco publication 44 at reference pressures of the surface for SIG-TH; 2000 dbars for Sigma-2; and 4000 dbars for Sigma-4. Gradient Potential Temperature (GRD-PT: C/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least squares slope between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the interval. The interval being the smallest of the two differences between the standard level and the two closest values. The slope is first determined using CTD temperature and then the adiabatic lapse rate is subtracted to obtain the gradient potential temperature. Equations and Fortran routines are described in Unesco publication 44. Gradient Salinity (GRD-S: 1/DB 10-3) is calculated as the least squares slope between two levels, where the standard level is the center of the standard level and the two closest values. Equations and Fortran routines are described in Unesco publication 44. Potential Vorticity (POT-V: 1/ms 10-11) is calculated as the vertical component ignoring contributions due to relative vorticity, i.e. pv=fN2/g, where f is the coriolius parameter, N is the bouyancy frequency (data expressed as radius/sec), and g is the local acceleration of gravity. Bouyancy Frequency (B-V: cph) is calculated using the adiabatic leveling method, Fofonoff (1985) and Millard, Owens and Fofonoff (1990). Equations and Fortran routines are described in Unesco publication 44. Potential Energy (PE: J/M2: 10-5) and Dynamic Height (DYN-HT: M) are calculated by integrating from 0 to the level of interest. Equations and Fortran routines are described in Unesco publication, Processing of Oceanographic station data. Neutral Density (GAMMA-N: KG/M3) is calculated with the program GAMMA-N (Jackett and McDougall) version 1.3 Nov. 94. G. WHPO SIO Data Processing Notes Date Contact Data Type Data Status Summary ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 04/20/01 Uribe BTL Website Updated CSV File Added Bottle file was converted into Exchange format. Website now contains a link to the CSV file. Station/Cast: SH4566/1, SH4567/1, SH4568/1, SH4569/1, SH45701, SH4571/1. Were removed due to missing navigational data. 06/18/01 Uribe CTD Website Updated CSV File Added, sumfiles need to have gaps filled, see note: CTD was converted to exchange format. New files were put online. Sumfiles needed to go through fix_sum_file.pl to fill in data gaps in order to run exchange code.